Answer: Controlling
Explanation:
A project management office (short form - PMO) is a management organisation that standardizes the project-related controlling processes and facilitates the sharing of resources, techniques, tools, and methodologies. They are the minders of best practices, project status and direction in a PMO.Hence, A project management office requiring compliance with standards and procedures that have been adopted is best described as a controlling form of PMO.
The following is information for Palmer Co.:
2017 2016 2015
Cost of goods sold $643,825 $426,650 $391,300
Ending inventory 97,400 87,750 92,500
Required:
(a) Use the above information to compute inventory turnover for 2016, and its days' sales in inventory at December 31, 2016.
Numerator / Denominator = Ratio
Inventory turnover $426,650 / $90,125 = 4.7 times
Days' sales in inventory ?
(b) Use the above information to compute inventory turnover for 2017, and its days' sales in inventory at December 31, 2017.
Numerator / Denominator = Ratio
Inventory turnover $643,825 / $92,575 = 7.0times
Days' sales in inventory ?
Answer:
a.
i. 4.7 times
ii. 77.1 days
b
i. 7 times
ii. 52.1 days
Explanation:
Inventory turnover = cost of goods sold / average inventory
average inventory for 2016 = ( 87,750 + 92,500 ) / 2 = $90,125
Inventory turnover $426,650 / $90,125 = 4.7 times
Days' sales in inventory = 365 / inventory turnover = 77.1 days
for 2017
inventory turnover = cost of goods sold / average inventory
average inventory for 2017 = ( 97,400 + 87,750 ) / 2 = $92,575
Inventory turnover $643,825 / $92,575 = 7.0 times
Days' sales in inventory = 365 / inventory turnover = 52.1 days
Pendleton Company, a merchandising company, is developing its master budget for 2015. The income statement for 2014 is as follows:________.
Pendleton Company
Income Statement
For Year Ending December 31, 2014
Gross sales $2,000,000
Less: Estimated uncollectible accounts (40,000)
Net sales 1,960,000
Cost of goods sold (1,100,000)
Gross profit 860,000
Operating expenses (including $25,000
depreciation) (500,000)
Net income $360,000
The following are management's goals and forecasts for 2015:________.
1. Selling prices will increase by 6 percent, and sales volume will increase by 4 percent.
2. The cost of merchandise will increase by 3 percent.
3. All operating expenses are fixed and are paid in the month incurred. Price increases for operating expenses will be 10 percent. The company uses straight-line depreciation.
4. The estimated uncollectibles are 2 percent of budgeted sales.
Answer and Explanation:
The Preparation of budgeted functional income statement for 2015 is shown below:-
Pendleton Company
Budgeted functional income statement
For the year ended 2015
Particulars Amount
Sales revenue $2,204,800
($2,000,000 × 106% × 104%)
Less:
Estimated uncollectible accounts at 2% $44,096
Net sales revenue $2,160,704
Less: Cost of goods sold $1,178,320
($1,100,000 × 103% × 104%)
Gross Profit $982,384
Less: Operating expense $575,000
($500,000 + 10%) + $25,000
Net income $407,384
We simply deduct all expenses from the sales revenue so that the net income could come
The American car battery industry boasts that its recycling rate now exceeds 95%, the highest rate for any commodity. However, with changes brought about by specialization and globalization, parts of the recycling system are moving offshore. This is particularly true of automobile batteries, which contain lead. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is contributing to the offshore flow with newly implemented standards that make domestic battery recycling increasingly difficult and expensive. The result is a major increase in used batteries going to Mexico, where environmental standards and control are less demanding than they are in the U.S. One in five batteries is now exported to Mexico. There is seldom difficulty finding buyers because lead is expensive and in worldwide demand. While U.S. recyclers operate in sealed, mechanized plants, with smokestacks equipped with scrubbers and plant surroundings monitored for traces of lead, this is not the case in most Mexican plants. The harm from lead is legendary
The correct answer to this open question is the following.
The question is incomplete. There are parts of the question missing. Indeed, there is no question posted, it is just a statement.
However, we can do research and comment on the following.
We are facing two scenarios here. Both, ethical dilemmas that need to be solved.
1) as an independent auto repair shop owner that tries to safely dispose of a few old batteries each week. (Your battery supplier is an auto parts supplier who refuses to take your old batteries.)
In this case, I would check the original agreement with the supplier to see if there is a clause on old batteries management. If not, I would ask it to help me solve this issue because I am his client and has to take care of me and the environment. Otherwise, I would have to contemplate the option of changing supplier.
2) I am the manager of a large retailer responsible for the disposal of thousands of used batteries each day.
In this other case, I would follow the Environmental Department rules and regulations to comply with the correct procedures. This means to ask for support and orientation to get all the revisions to work properly. Because I know all the consequences of not recycling correctly or the damage done to humans and the environment. So although it could be more money, and would modernize my equipment to better manage the disposal of batteries. It would be an investment, not an expense.
"Alou Company has 20,000 beginning finished goods units. Budgeted sales units are 160,000. If management desires 15,000 ending finished goods units, what are the required units of production
Answer:
155,000
Explanation:
The computation of the required units of production is shown below:-
Required units of production = Sales units + Ending finished goods - Beginning finished goods
= 160,000 units + 15,000 units - 20,000 units
= 155,000
Therefore for computing the required units of production we simply applied the above formula.
A dentist shares an office building with a radio station. The electrical current from the dentist's drill causes static in the radio broadcast, causing the radio station to lose $10,000 in profits. The radio station could put up a shield at a cost of $30,000; the dentist could buy a new drill that causes less interference for $6,000. Either would restore the radio station's lost profits. What is the economically efficient outcome
Answer:
The dentist should get a new drill and it does not matter who pays for the new drill
Explanation:
Based on the information given the economically efficient outcome is that The dentist should get a new drill and it does not matter who pays for the new drill reason been that the building is been share by both the dentist and the radio station in which the electrical current from the dentist's drill was the one who causes static in the radio broadcast making them to lose some amount of money which means the dentist should go ahead and buy a new drill in which it does not matter who pays for the drill because they both shared the building .
In the short run, what would indicate that a perfectly competitive firm is producing an output for which it is receiving a normal profit?
Answer: Price = Average Cost
Explanation:
I'm unsure if this question has options but this is the most probable reasons a firm in a Perfectly Competitive market would be receiving a normal profit in the Short run.
Normal Profit means that the company is making an Economic Profit of $0. For this to happen, the firm must need to be making the same.amount as it is spending on the goods that it is producing.
The amount it is spending is the Average Cost. When Price equals this Average Cost, the company is at Break-Even Point and so is making a $0 Economic profit which means it is only making Normal Profit.
For a company to make Economic Profit, the Price needs to be equal to the Marginal Cost.
Logan and Johnathan exchange land, and the exchange qualifies as like kind under § 1031. Because Logan's land (adjusted basis of $193,000) is worth $231,600 and Johnathan's land has a fair market value of $183,350, Johnathan also gives Logan cash of $48,250. a. Logan's recognized gain is $ . b. Assume that Johnathan's land is worth $208,440 and he gives Logan $23,160 cash. Logan's recognized gain is $ .
Answer:
a. Logan's recognized gain is $38,600
b. Logan's recognized gain is $23,160
Explanation:
a. If the worth of the land for Jonathan is $183,350, then the gain recognized by Logan would be;
the lower of the realized gain between the amount realized of $231,600 - adjusted basis of $193,000 = $38,600
or the fair market worth of the received boot i.e $48,250.
Therefore, Logan's recognized gain is $38,600
b. Suppose Jonathan's land is worth, $208,440, then we can calculate Logan's recognized gain to be ;
the lower of the realized gain I.e amount realized of $231,600 - adjusted basis $193,00 = $38,600
or the fair market value of the received boot I.e $23,160 .
Therefore, Logan's recognized gain is $23,160
You experiment by offering free warranties for your product in market A but not in market B. Sales in A rise from 240 to 360 units per week while sales in B rise from 410 to 430. The Difference-in-difference estimate of the effect of the free warranty is:
Answer:
Difference in difference estimate = 50 - 5% = 45 %
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Market A Market B
Sales 240 410
Sales rise 360 430
Rise difference 120 20
Percentage of rise 50% 5%
120/240 x 100 = 50%
20/41 x 100 = 4.878% or 5%
Therefore, the Difference in difference estimate = 50 - 5% = 45 %
One can then say that the free warranties in market A brought about a difference in difference of 45% in Market A when compared to the no warranties in Market B. This can be seen from the presented data. Sales in A rose from 240 units to 360 units, an increase of 120 units or 50%. Sales in market B only rose from 410 to 430, an increase of 20 units or 5%. This difference in difference estimator shows the effect of the free warranty on market A and market B. This means that the firm could do better by introducing the free warranties for its product in market B, all things being equal.
Which term is defined as the most appealing trade-off or item given up as the result of an
economic decision?
Increasing cost
Opportunity cost
Recycled trade off
Economic trade off
Answer:
it could be the increase in cost due to economical well-being either the increase in debt or credit
Lincoln Park Co. has a bond outstanding with a coupon rate of 5.66 percent and semiannual payments. The yield to maturity is 6.3 percent and the bond matures in 16 years. What is the market price if the bond has a par value of $2,000?
Answer:
Market price of Bond = $1872.135629 rounded off to $1872.14
Explanation:
To calculate the price of the bond, we need to first calculate the coupon payment per period. We assume that the interest rate provided is stated in annual terms. As the bond is a semi annual bond, the coupon payment, number of periods and semi annual YTM will be,
Coupon Payment (C) = 2000 * 0.0566 * 1/2 = $56.6
Total periods (n)= 16 * 2 = 32
r = 6.3% * 1/2 = 3.15% or 0.0315
The formula to calculate the price of the bonds today is attached.
Bond Price = 56.6 * [( 1 - (1+0.0315)^-32) / 0.0315] + 2000 / (1+0.0315)^32
Bond Price = $1872.135629 rounded off to $1872.14
The balanced scorecard approach relies not only on financial performance measures, but includes customers, internal business processes, and organizational learning and growth.
a. True
b. False
Suppose the economy is in a recession. The economy needs to expand by at least $300 billion, and the marginal propensity to consume is 0.6. What is the least amount the government can spend to overcome the $300 billion gap
Answer: $120 billion
Explanation:
Fron the question, we are told that an economy is in a recession and needs to expand by at least $300 billion, and the marginal propensity to consume is 0.6.
The least amount the government can spend to overcome the $300 billion gap goes thus:
Since MPC = 0.6, then the multiplier will be:
= 1/(1-MPC)
= 1/(1-0.6)
= 1/0.4
=2.5
We are also informed that the required change in the money supply is $300 billion. Then, the investment needed will be:
= Expansion/Multiplier
= $300 billion/2.5
= $120 billion
A citizen group raised funds to establish an endowment for the Eastville City Library. Under the terms of the trust agreement, the principal must be maintained, but the earnings of the fund are to be used to purchase database and periodical subscriptions for the library. A preclosing trial balance of the library permanent fund follows:
Trial Balance-December 31, 2017 Debits Credits
Cash $8,500
Investments 18,000
Additions to permanent endowments $510,000
Investment income 48,000
Expenditures-subscriptions 39,500
Intergovernmental grant 8,000
Net increase in fair value of investments 2,000
Accrued interest receivable 2,000
Accounts payable $568,000 $568,000
Required:
A. Prepare any closing entries necessary at year-end.
B. Prepare a Statement of Revenues, Expenditures, and Changes in Fund Balance for the library permanent fund.
C. Prepare a balance sheet for the Library Permanent Fund (Use Assigned to Library for any spendable fund balance).
Answer:
a. Journal entries
Particulars Debit Credit
Revenue: Addition to permanent $510,000
endowment
Revenue investment income $48,000
Revenue : increase in fair value $8,000
of investment
Expenditure - subscription $39,500
Fund balance $526,500
b. Statement of revenue , expenditure , and changes in fund balance
Particulars Amount
Revenue
Addition to permanent endowment $510,000
Investment income $48,000
Increase in fair value of investment $8,000
Total revenue $566,000
Expenditure
Library subscription $-39,500
Net change in fund balance $526,500
Beginning fund balance 0
Ending fund balance $526,500
c. Balance sheet
Assets
Cash $8,500
Investments $5,18,000
Accrued interest receivable $2,000
Total assets $528,500
Liabilities and fund balance
Liabilities
Accounts payable $2,000.00
Fund balance
Non spendable permanent $510,000
fund principal
Assigned to library $16,500
($526,500 - $510,000)
Total fund balance $526,500
Total liabilities and fund balance $528,500
Sudoku Company issues 7,000 shares of $7 par value common stock in exchange for land and a building. The land is valued at $45,000 and the building at $85,000. Prepare the journal entry to record issuance of the stock in exchange for the land and building.
Answer:
The journal entry to record this exchange is :
Land $45,000 (debit)
Buildings $85,000 (debit)
Common Stocks $49,000 (credit)
Share Premium $81,000 (credit)
Explanation:
The price of Common Stock is equivalent to the price required to settle the Market Cost of Land and Buildings.
Also note that the Common Stocks have a par vale of $7, this means that any amount paid in excess of the par value is accounted in the Share Premium Reserve.
The journal entry to record this exchange is :
Land $45,000 (debit)
Buildings $85,000 (debit)
Common Stocks $49,000 (credit)
Share Premium $81,000 (credit)
Land $45,000
Building $85,000
To Common stock $49,000 (7,000 shares × $7)
To Premium on issue of common stock 81,000
(Being recording of the issuance of the stock in exchange for the land and building)
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Consider the following limit-order book for a share of stock. The last trade in the stock occurred at a price of $50. Limit Buy Orders Limit Sell Orders Price Shares Price Shares $ 49.75 500 $ 50.25 100 49.50 800 51.50 100 49.25 500 54.75 300 49.00 200 58.25 100 48.50 600 a. If a market buy order for 100 shares comes in, at what price will it be filled?
Answer:
$50.25
Explanation:
The below data given in the question will help to determine the price will it be filled, if the market buy order for 100 shares comes in
Limit Buy Orders Limit Sell Orders
Price Shares Price Shares
$ 49.75 500 $ 50.25 100
49.50 800 51.50 100
49.25 500 54.75 300
49.00 200 58.25 100
48.50 600
Therefore in a situation where a market buy order for 100 shares comes in, it will be filled at the amount of $50.25 which will be the best price reason been that the amount of $50.25 is the lowest amount for the limit sell order when compared with other price listed under the limits sell order.
Q 11.26: The board of directors of Testa Incorporated has decided that they would like to declare a $400,000 cash dividend at some point in the near future. The company currently has Retained Earnings of $2,419,000 and a Cash balance of $827,000. They also have current liabilities totaling $436,000. What is missing in order for Testa to be able to pay a cash dividend
Answer: B. : a healthy cash reserve
Explanation:
For the company to be able to declare a Dividend, it's cash reserve needs to be healthy. For this to happen use the following formula;
Free cash balance = Available cash balance - Current Liabilities payable
= 827,000 - 436,000
= $391,000
After taking out the money that will be needed to pay the Current Liabilities, there would be an insufficient balance to pay off the Dividends of $400,000.
Their cash reserve is not healthy enough for the dividends to be declared.
The thing that is missing in order for Testa to be able to pay a cash dividend is a healthy cash reserve.
It should be noted that for the company to be able to declare a dividend, it's important that the cash reserve is healthy.
The free cash balance can be calculated as:
= Available cash balance - Current Liabilities payable
= $827,000 - $436,000
= $391,000
When the current liabilities are paid, there would be an insufficient balance to pay off the dividends of $400,000. Therefore, a healthy cash reserve is required.
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Use the following information for Jett Co. to answer the following question: 2015 2014 Sales 1,200 1,000 COGS 850 700 Operating Expenses 200 200 Income Taxes 30 35 Jett Co.'s average tax rates for 2015 and 2014 are: A. 15.5% and 10.0% B. 20.0% and 35.0% C. 25.8% and 35.4%. D. 31.4% and 36.8%.
Answer:
B. 20.0% and 35.0%
Explanation:
Jett Co.'s Average tax rates for 2015 = Income taxes paid / Taxable income
When, Taxable Income = Sales - Cost of goods sold - Operating expenses
= $1,200 - $850 - $200
= $150
Hence, Jett Co.'s Average tax rates for 2015 = $30 / $150
= 20%
Jett Co.'s Average tax rates for 2014 = Income taxes paid / Taxable income
When Taxable Income = Sales - Cost of goods sold - Operating expenses
= $1,000 - $700 - $200
= $100
Hence, Jett Co.'s Average tax rates for 2014 = $35 / $100
= 35%
On April 1, Garcia Publishing Company received $3,258 from Otisco, Inc. for 36-month subscriptions to several different magazines. The subscriptions started immediately. What is the amount of revenue that should be recorded by Garcia Publishing Company for the first year of the subscription assuming the company uses a calendar-year reporting period?
Answer:
$814.50
Explanation:
The computation of the amount of revenue recorded by using a calender year is shown below:
= Received amount × number of months ÷ total number of months in a year
= $3,258 × 9 months ÷ 36 months
= $814.50
The nine months should be considered from April 1 to December 31 and the same is to be considered for this computation part
4. Sales tax is taken on
O A. selling price minus trade discount.
B. shipping charges.
O c. trade discounts.
0 D. cash discounts.
Answer:
A. selling price minus trade discount.
Explanation:
A pharmaceutical research firm prohibits the employees who leave the firm from soliciting business from former customers or clients for a period of two years. This best exemplifies the _____ clause.
Answer:
Non-piracy.
Explanation:
If a pharmaceutical research firm prohibits the employees who leave the firm from soliciting business from former customers or clients for a period of two years. This best exemplifies the non-piracy clause.
A non-piracy clause is a legal framework which provides protection for companies from an ex employee who has left. This clause states that ex employees are prohibited from soliciting business from former customers or clients either directly or indirectly for a period of two years.
For instance, if Joyce works for XYZ pharmaceutical company that uses a non-piracy clause and later dropped a resignation letter or was laid off for a disciplinary action, she's prohibited from taking contracts from XYZ' customers for a period of two (2) years.
Suppose that borrowing is restricted so that the zero-beta version of the CAPM holds. The expected return on the market portfolio is 17%, and on the zero-beta portfolio it is 8%. What is the expected return on a portfolio with a beta of .6?
Answer:
10.4%
Explanation:
The computation of expected return on a portfolio is shown below:-
Expected return = Risk Free return + 5%Beta ( Market Return - Risk Free return)
= 5% + 0.60 × (17% - 8%)
= 5% + 5.4%
= 10.4%
Therefore for computing the expected return on a portfolio with a beta of .6 we simply applied the above formula.
The market return less risk free return is known as market risk premium
Constanza, who is single, sells her current personal residence (adjusted basis of $262,500) for $735,000. She has owned and lived in the house for 30 years. Her selling expenses are $36,750. What is Constanza’s realized and recognized gain? Constanza’s realized gain is $ and her recognized gain would be $ .
Answer:
Realized gain $435,750
Recognized gain$ 185,750
Explanation:
Calculation for Constanza’s realized and recognized gain
The realized gain will be calculated as :
Amount realized $698,250
($735,000 − $36,750)
Less the Adjusted basis ($262,500)
Realized gain $435,750
Constanza’s Recognised gain
Realized gain $435,750
Less Section 121 exclusion ($250,000)
Recognized gain$ 185,750
Therefore Constanza’s realized gain is $435,750 and her recognized gain would be $186,750 .
On September 1, 2021, Middleton Corp. lends cash and accepts a $1,700 note receivable that offers 7% interest and is due in six months. How much interest revenue will Middleton Corp. report during 2021
Answer:
The interest revenue in 2021 is $39.44.
Explanation:
The amount of lending cash and accepting = $1700
Interest rate = 7% per annum
Therefore the interest rate per month = 7% / 12 = 0.58%
Now find the interest revenue by multiplying 1700 with per month interest rate and the number of months. Since the lending and accepting date is 1st September. So only 4 months remain in 2021.
The interest revenue in 2021 = 1700 × 0.58 ×4 = $39.44
Kant Corporation retires its $100,000 face value bonds at 102 on January 1, following the payment of interest. The carrying value of the bonds at the redemption date is $96,250. The entry to record the redemption will include a
Answer:
Refer to the explanation below
Explanation:
Please see the journal entry below;
Dr Bonds payable $100,000
Dr Loss on retirement of bonds
$5,750
( $102,000 + $3,750 - $100,000)
To Cash $102,00( $100,000 × 1.02)
To Discount on bonds payable
$3,750( $100,000 - $96,250)
(Being redemption that is recorded)
Because bonds payable and loss on retirement of bonds decreases the liability and increased the loss, hence were debited. Cash and discount on bonds payable were credited because it decreases the assets and increased liabilities respectively.
Life Savers Gummies Fruit Splosions, liquid-filled gummies combined with a burst of real fruit juice, are a new product for The Wrigley Co. Before marketing the product nationwide, Wrigley gave out samples of the candy at several rock concerts and then recorded consumers' feelings about the candy, its taste, and its name. In which stage of the new-product development process would this have happened
Answer: D. Test marketing
Explanation:
Test Marketing is a stage in the New Product Development process where the product is tested in the real world or the Field Laboratory as it is otherwise known. Here the consumers are given a sample of the products and their responses are recorded without them knowing they are part of a test making their reactions as genuine as can be.
This stage helps the company more accurately ascertain how the new product will fare in the real world thereby giving them a chance to fix whatever needs fixing.
The following selected transactions relate to cash collections for a firm that maintains a $100 change fund at all times. Present entries to record the transactions for each of the two days of cash receipts from sales.
(a) Actual cash in cash register, $5,412.36; cash receipts per cash register tally, $5,413.07.
(b) Actual cash in cash register, $3,712.95; cash receipts per cash register tally, $3,712.16.
What will be an ideal response?
Answer:
a, Journal Entries to record transactions
Account Titles Debit Credit
Cash $5,412.36
Cash Short and Over $0.71
($5,413.07 - $5,412.36)
Sales $5,413.07
The actual cash in cash register is debited to cash account and cash receipts per cash register tally is credited to sales account and the balancing figure is debited or credited to Cash short and over account.
b. Journal Entries to record transactions
Account Titles Debit Credit
Cash $3,712.95
Cash Short and Over $0.79
(3,712.95 - 3,712.16)
Sales $3,712.16
The accounts receivable turnover measures a. the fair market value of accounts receivable b. how frequently during the year the accounts receivables are converted to cash c. the efficiency of the accounts payable function d. the number of days of accounts receivable outstanding
Answer:
b. how frequently during the year the accounts receivables are converted to cash
Explanation:
Accounts receivable turnover is an example of activity ratios.
Accounts receivable turnover = revenue / average receivables
it calculates how frequently receivables are converted into revenues.
Bryant Co. has $2.7 million of debt, $1 million of preferred stock, and $2.1 million of common equity. What would be its weight on preferred stock
Answer:
0.172
Explanation:
The computation of the weight on the preferred stock is shown below:
Weight on preferred stock is
= Preferred stock ÷(Debt + preferred stock + common equity)
= $1 million ÷ ($2.7 million + $1 million + $2.1 million)
= $1 million ÷ $5.8 million
= 0.172
By applying the above formula we can easily determine the weight on preferred stock
Justin hires Miguel to sell his baseball glove for $560. As part of their contract, Justin will pay him $100 to conduct the sale. Justin is a _______________________. Group of answer choices
Answer: Factee
Explanation:
This is a factorage transaction in which Justin will pay Miguel to act as an intermediary who will sell the baseball glove and receive a commission. That commission is known as a Factorage.
In a Factorage transaction, the intermediary being paid to sell the product is considered to be the Factor and the person who will pay for the product to be sold is the Factee. Justin in this scenario is paying for the baseball glove to be sold and so is the Factee.
Given the following cash flows for a capital project, calculate its payback period and discounted payback period. The required rate of return is 8 percent.
Year
0 1 2 3 4 5
Glass Flows $51100 $13150 $16050 $23900 $12400 $3050
The discounted payback period is:________.
a. 0.39 year longer than the payback period.
b. 0.64 year longer than the payback period.
c. 0.76 years longer than the payback period.
d. 0.25 years longer than the payback period.
Answer:
c. 0.76 years longer than the payback period.
Explanation:
Payback period calculates how long it takes to recover the amount invested in a project from its cumulative cash flows.
the amounted invested in the project = $-51100
In year 1, the amount recovered = $-51,100 + $13150 = $-37,950
In year 2, the amount recovered = $-37,950 + $16050 = $-21,900
In year 3, the amount recovered = $-21,900 + $23900 = $2000
the amount invested is recovered in 2 + 21,900 / 23900 = 2.92 years
Discounted payback period calculates how long it takes to recover the amount invested in a project from its cumulative cash flows.
discounted cash flows
$13150 / 1.08 = $12,175.93
$16050 / 1.08^2 = $13,760.29
$23900 / 1.08^3 = $18972.59
$12400 / 1.08^4 = $9114.37
the amount is recovered in 3 + 6191.19 / 9114.37 = 3.68 years
the discounted payback is longer than the payback period by 3.68 years - 2.92 years = 0.76 years