There are 0.96 moles of toluene are in the solution of toluene (C₇H₈) in 301 g of cyclohexane (C₆H₁₂) having a boiling point of 90.30°C.
Given data -
Boiling point of cyclohexane = 90.30°C
Mass of cyclohexane = 301 g
Kb of cyclohexane = 2.92°C/m
Tb of cyclohexane = 80.90°C
Using the equation,
m = ∆Tb
Kb
where,
m is molality of the solution,
∆Tb is the change in boiling point of cyclohexane -
90.30 ° C - 80.90 °C = 9.40 °C
Kb is the boiling point elevation constant of cyclohexane, 2.92 °C/m
Molality (m) = 9.40 = 3.22 mol/kg
2.92
Number of moles of toluene = molality x mass of cyclohexane (in kg)
= 3.22 x 301
1000
Number of moles of toluene = 0.96 mol
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The pressure inside a container is 812 Torr at a temperature of 75 °C. What would the pressure be at 57 °C?
Considering the Gay Lussac's law,the pressure at 57°C would be 770 Torr.
Gay Lussac's lawGay Lussac's law establishes the relationship between the temperature and pressure of a gas when the volume is constant.
This law says that the pressure is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas: if the temperature increases, the pressure of the gas increases while if the temperature of the gas decreases, the pressure decreases.
Mathematically, Gay Lussac's law states that the ratio of pressure to temperature is constant:
P÷T= k
If you have an initial state of 1 and a final state of 2, then:
P1÷T1= P2÷T2
Pressure al 57°CIn this case, you know:
P1= 812 TorrT1= 75°C= 348 KP2= ?T2= 57°C= 330 KReplacing in Gay Lussac's law:
812 Torr÷ 348 K= P2÷ 330 K
Solving:
(812 Torr÷ 348 K)× 330 K= P2
770 Torr= P2
Finally, the pressure at 57°C would be 770 Torr.
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student proposes the following lewis structure for the nitronium ion. assign a formal charge to each atom in the student's lewis structure.
the following lewis structure for the nitronium ion. assign a formal charge to each atom in the student's lewis structure
atom formal charge N: 0
central O: +2
right O: −1
What is lewis's Structure?
A Lewis Structure or Electron Dot Structure may be a very simplified representation of the valence shell electrons in a molecule. It denotes the way the valence electrons are arranged around the individual atoms in a molecule.
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what is the formula for a. copper(i) cyanide b. tetraphosphorous decasulfide c. mercury (ii) oxide d. selenium hexafluoride
a. Copper(I) cyanide = CuCN
b. Tetraphosphorus hexoxide = P4O6
c. Mercury(II) oxide = HgO.
d. Selenium hexafluoride = SeF6
What is chemical formula?
The use of chemical element symbols, numbers, and occasionally other symbols like parentheses, dashes, brackets, commas, and plus and minus signs to represent information about the chemical proportions of atoms that make up a specific chemical compound or molecule is known as a chemical formula.
A chemical compound is symbolically represented by a chemical formula. It provides information on the kind and quantity of atoms in the chemical. Common salt, for instance, has the chemical formula NaCl.
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A 0.2-kg metal object requires 502 joules of heat to raise its temperature from 20 to 40 degrees celsius. the specific heat capacity of the metal is what?
The specific heat capacity of the metal having 0.2kg mass is -125.5 J/kg°C.
The formula to calculate specific heat is
c = Q / mΔT
c = 502 / 0.2 (-20)
c = -125.5
What is specific heat?
The amount of heat required to increase the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius (°C) is known as specific heat. Since water has a higher specific heat than other substances, it requires more energy to raise its temperature.
In order to distinguish between two polymeric composites, specific heat is useful in estimating the processing temperatures and the quantity of heat required for processing.
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Liquid carbon disulfide reacts with oxygen gas, producing carbon dioxide gas and
sulfur dioxide gas
what is the stretching frequency (in cm-1) of the following carbonyl? group of answer choices 1655 1685
The stretching frequency (in cm⁻¹) of the given carbonyl compound is 1685 cm⁻¹
The carbonyl group, C=O, has a large dipole moment and it creates an intense stretching vibration whose peak generally appears between 1600 to 1800 cm⁻¹.
The spectrum shows a stretching absorption consistent with a ketone functional group, i. e. carbonyl group C=O stretching at ~1685 cm⁻¹.
Definition: Stretching frequencies are higher than corresponding bending frequencies. It is easier to bend a bond than to stretch or compress it.
The distinctive carbonyl band is particularly useful for diagnostic purposes because it has a characteristic high intensity and few other functional groups absorb in this region.
Different carbonyl compounds absorb in narrow ranges within the general carbonyl region.
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_________________________ is the spontaneous decay in the structure of an atom's nucleus.
Radioactivity is the spontaneous decay in the structure of an atom's nucleus.
Is spontaneous decay possible in the nucleus of an atom?The spontaneous breakdown of an atom's nucleus by the emission of particles and/or radiation is referred to as radioactivity. Radiation is the emission of energy through space as particles or waves.Radioactive decay is a natural process in which the nuclei of unstable isotopes emit radiation as they decay to more stable nuclei. All of the decay processes happen on their own, but the rates at which different isotopes decay vary greatly.Radioactive decay in which certain unstable nuclei of heavier elements split into two nearly equal fragments (nuclei of lighter elements) and release a large amount of energy. Radioactivity, also known as radioactive decay, is a natural process. It is because radioactive elements continuously emit radiation as a result of reactions occurring within them.To learn more about Radioactivity is the spontaneous decay refer to
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Glucose has a molecular weight of 180 grams per mole. to prepare 1 liter of a 100 mm solution, how many grams of glucose would you dissolve in water for a total volume of 1 liter?
18 grams of glucose would you dissolve in water for a complete volume of 1 liter.
Evaluation :
Glucose features a molecular weight of 180 g/mole
which means that dissolving this mass of glucose in a liter would give a 1 M solution.
Because 100 mM is = 0.1 M, it's 1/10 of the concentration.
Using 1/10 of the relative molecular mass (18 g) in the same volume would give a 1/10 concentration, thus a 0.1 M or 100 mM solution.)
[tex]\frac{1}{10}[/tex]×180 = 18 grams
What is meant by molecular weight?
The sum of the atomic masses of all atoms during a molecule, supported a scale in which the atomic masses of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen are 1, 12, 14, and 16, respectively.
The relative molecular mass is the mass of one mole of a substance. Usually, the units used for this are grams per mole.
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draw the structure of the major product formed in the given reaction when the aromatic aldehyde is present in excess. an aldehyde and ester react with methoxide in methanol. the aldehyde consists of two fused benzene rings. if the top fused carbon is arbitrarily numbered 1 and the ring numbered clockwise, there is an aldehyde substituent on carbon 3 and a methoxy substituent on carbon 8. the ester is a carbonyl bonded to methyl and methoxy.
When combined with methyl acetate, the chemical 6-methoxy-2 naphthaldehyde undergoes an aldol addition reaction to produce methyl 3-hydroxy-3-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)propanoate. The aldol addition product undergoes dehydration to create the aldol condensed product, (E)-methyl 3-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)acrylate.
What is aldol condensation reaction?
In an aldol condensation, an enolate ion combines with a carbonyl molecule in the presence of an acid/base catalyst to produce either a hydroxylated aldehyde or ketone, which is then dehydrated to produce a conjugated enone. It is an effective process for creating carbon-carbon bonds.
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Calculate the ph of a dilute solution that contains a molar ratio of potassium acetate to acetic acid (pka = 4.76).
pH = 5.46.
What is a mole ratio example?A chemical reaction's molar ratio is the ratio of the moles (or molecules) of reactants used and the moles (or molecules) of products produced.Two moles of H2O are produced for every mole of O2 that is utilized. H2 and H2O have a mole ratio of 1:1. Two moles of H2 are needed to create two moles of H2O. Four moles of hydrogen would be required to make four moles of water.The ratio between any two compounds in a chemical reaction is known as the mole ratio. It is the proportion between two coefficients in a chemical equation that is balanced. Mole-to-mole ratio and molar ratio are other names for the mole ratio.Use the atomic masses to translate each element's mass into moles. By dividing the total number of moles by the smallest number of moles, you may determine the ratio or the number of moles of each element.Using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation,
pH pKa log
pH 4.76 log ([acetate]/[acetic acid]), where [acetate]/[acetic acid] is the ratio given for each part of the question.
pH = pka + log [acetate/acetic acid]
pH = 4.76 + log ( 5/1)
pH = 5.46
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Using standard reduction potentials from the aleks data tab, calculate the standard reaction free energy for the following redox reaction. round your answer to significant digits. 2cl-(aq) 2h2o(l)=cl2
For the particular redox process, the typical Gibbs free energy is -106 kJ/mol.
What is Gibbs free energy?A substance's accessible energy that can be applied in a chemical reaction or transformation is known as the Gibbs free energy. Compounds frequently change into other substances with lower Gibbs free energies. Whether a chemical reaction will take place spontaneously is predicted by the change in Gibbs free energy.
Enthalpy and entropy are combined to form the Gibbs free energy, abbreviated G. The system's total enthalpy plus the product of its temperature and entropy together make up the change in free energy, or G.
One of the most crucial thermodynamic parameters for a system's characterization is the Gibbs free energy.
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Consider a 100 ml solution of a 0.0010 m solution of methyl amine, ch3nh2, where kb = 4.4 x 10-4 . a) what is the ph of this solution?
The strong base has a pH near 14 and the pH of the strong acid is near to 1. If we diluted the solution weak base solution, then the concentration of hydroxide.
What is ph?Chemistry uses a pH scale to categorize an aqueous solution's acidity or basicity. The term pH originally meant "potential of hydrogen." In comparison to basic or alkaline solutions (solutions with higher H+ ion concentrations), acidic solutions have lower pH values measured.
The p Hscale is logarithmic and inversely proportional to the amount of hydrogen ions present in the solution.
M is equal to mol dm3. At a temperature of 25 °C (77 °F), basic solutions are defined as those with a pH greater than 7, and acidic solutions as those with a pH lower than 7. Solutions having a pH of 7 are regarded as neutral at this temperature (e.g. pure water). Temperature affects the pH's neutral value, which drops to below 7 if the temperature exceeds 25 °C.
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If one or more nucleotide pairs are deleted from a dna strand, this is known as a:_________
If one or more nucleotide pairs are deleted from a DNA strand, this is known as a frameshift mutation
Define Frameshift Mutation
Insertions or deletions in the genome that are not multiples of three nucleotides are referred to as frameshift mutations. They are a particular class of insertion-deletion (indel) alterations that are present in polypeptides' coding sequences. Here, there are no multiples of three in the number of nucleotides that are added to or subtracted from the coding sequence. They may result from really basic alterations like the insertion or deletion of a single nucleotide.
Frameshift mutations' effectsOne of the most harmful modifications to a protein's coding sequence is a frameshift mutation. They are quite prone to produce non-functional proteins that frequently interfere with a cell's metabolic processes and result in significant alterations to polypeptide length and chemical makeup. Frameshift mutations can cause the mRNA to stop translating too soon and create an extended polypeptide.
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what is the volume of methanol in a 200. g sample if the density of methanol is 0.7918 g/ml
The volume of the methanol in the sample is 252.58 mL
What is density?The density of a substance is simply defined as the mass of the subtance per unit volume of the substance. Mathematically, it can be expressed as
Density = mass / volume
With the above formula, we can obtain the volume of the methanol. Details below
How to determine the volume of the methanolThe following data were obtained from the question;
Mass of methanol = 200 gDensity of methanol = 0.7918 g/mLVolume of methaonl =?Density = mass / volume
Thus,
Volume = mass / density
Volume of methaonl = 200 / 0.7918
Volume of methaonl = 252.58 mL
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Which pair of substances is capable of forming a buffer in aqueous solution?
a. hno3 and kno3
b. hi and nai
c. h2co3 and nacl
d. hcooh and nacooh
CH3COOH is a weak acid.
Why is CH3COOH a weak acid?Being partially dissociated to release the H+ ions when diluted makes CH3COOH a weak acid, according to this definition. e. A relatively small number of H+ ions are released when CH3COOH is diluted, making it a weak acid.Because it only partially dissociates in an aqueous solution or does not fully ionize in solution to form H+ ions, acetic acid (CH3COOH) is a weak acid. The degree to which acid is able to entirely or partially ionize a solution determines how strong the acid is.A weak base, such as CH3COO-, and a weak acid, such as CH3COOH, are both in equilibrium with their ions in water.When compared to HCl, CH3COOH is a weak acid since it only partially dissociates into ions in solution. This is because HCl totally dissociates into ions in solution.Which pair of substances is capable of forming a buffer in an aqueous solution?
Acidic buffer is formed by weak acid and its conjugate base
A basic buffer is formed by a weak base and its conjugate acid
a)
H3PO4 is a weak acid
But its conjugate base H2PO4- is not present
b)
HNO3 is a strong acid.
It cant form a buffer
c)
HCl is a strong acid.
It cant form a buffer
d)
H2CO3 is a weak acid.
But its conjugate base, HCO3- is not present
E)
CH3COOH is a weak acid.
CH3COONa is its conjugate base. They form the acidic buffer.
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conclusion: the overall summary of the results of an investigation and their meaning
control sample: the sample in a controlled experiment whose variables do not change
controlled experiment: an experiment in which only one variable is changed
data: the information that results from a scientific investigation
dependent variable: a variable that is changed by another variable
experimental sample: the sample in a controlled experiment in which one variable changes
independent variable: a variable that causes a change to another variable
model: a representation of a result or idea
observation: the act of using your senses to recognize something; a piece of information gathered using the senses or tools
peer review: evaluation done by scientists on the work and conclusions of another scientist
qualitative: a word describing subjective observations or data that are not based on numbers or precise measurements
quantitative: a word describing objective observations or data that are based on numbers or precise measurements
results: the outcome of a scientific investigation
scientific inquiry: the process of using observations, investigations, and experiments to learn about natural phenomena
The scientific observation definition is any sensory revel about a natural phenomenon. medical observations can occur in a lab placing or inside the herbal world. as instance, watching an apple fall from a tree may be a remark. Noticing that fish handiest come to a specific part of the river in the early morning is likewise an observation.
Smelling rubbish decomposing is another example of observation. Observations can use any of the five senses and include anything that can boost a query or begin research. Extraneous variables may become confounding variables and when they are not controlled early enough in a study, they could affect the results of the experimental research.
An end is a statement based totally on experimental measurements and observations. It includes a precis of the consequences, whether or not or now not the speculation turned into support, the importance of the have a look at, and destiny research. The value of a managed test is that it yields an excessive diploma of self-assurance within the outcome. which variable induced or did no longer purpose an exchange.
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In order to obtain funding for their research, scientists write
describing the proposed research and its costs.
a hypotheses
b research papers
C grant proposals
d email
What is the largest exponent the ieee standard allows for a 32-bit floating point number?
The maximum representable value maximizes both the significant and the exponent, so it has a value +1∗(2−223)∗2127.
A single-precision ("binary32") IEEE 754 floating-point number has 1 bit for the sign, 8 bits for the exponent, and 23 bits for the significand (a 24-bit quantity given that the leading 1 is implicit). Its value is equal to the product of the sign, the significand, and two to the power of the exponent.
The exponent values range from -126 to 127. In IEEE 754, the actual value stored is unsigned (from 0 to 255) and then biased by 127.
Similarly, the maximum value for the significand is binary 1.111111111111111111111111. This is S=20+2−1+2−2+...+2−23. You can see that adding 2−23 to the right-hand side results in 21, so S=2−2−23.
The maximum representable value maximizes both the significant and the exponent, so it has a value +1∗(2−223)∗2127.
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Use dimensional analysis to solve the following: 2.3 mi =
2.3 miles is equal to 12093 ft.
1 mile =5280 ft2.3 miles = 2.3 x 5280= 12144 ft
1 ft= 12 in12144 ft = 12144 x 12 = 145728 in
3 ft = 1 yd12144 ft =. (1÷3) × 12144 = 4048 yd
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This question is incomplete, above explanation might help.
Many industrial companies and car manufacturers design solutions to reduce pollution. Even so, chemicals still enter the atmosphere. Some of these pollutants combine with water in the air to form acid rain.
Which property of acids would cause acid rain to damage buildings over time?
A. Acids taste sour.
B. Acids react with metals.
C. Acids react with limestone.
D. Acids react with indicators.
I THINK THE ANSWER IS (C)
Part 2 of the question
What might be done to prevent acid rain damage to objects from metal and carbonate, such as limestone? Identify a metal object that could be damaged by acid rain. Then, describe what could be done to prevent acid rain damage to it. Do the same thing for an object that contains carbonate
The property of acids which would cause acid rain to damage buildings over time is:
Acids react with limestone.
The correct answer choice is option c.
This simply means that acids has this property which corrodes the surface they come in contact with especially stones.
One of those things which can be done to prevent acid rain damage to objects from metal and carbonate, such as limestone is coating the surface of the metal.However, this can be done by coating the surface of metals, or carbonate by coating it with other metals. By so doing, this can prevent acid rain damage to it.
That being said, by default, concentrated acids are highly corrosive.
Coating surfaces of metals can prevent acid rain damage to it
What is an acid?This refers to a substance which when dissolved in water, it produces hydrogen ion as the only positive ion in the solution.
So therefore, the property of acids which would cause acid rain to damage buildings over time is acids react with limestone.
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Which polyatomic ion is not labeled correctly? group of answer choices
a. nh4+ ammonium
b. no3- nitrate
c. cn- cyanate
d. clo4- perchlorate
e. all are labeled correctly.
The correct answer is option C. CN^- cyanate is wrong polyatomic ion. OCN− is correct polyatomic ion.
What is cyanate ion?
The structural formula for cyanate, commonly abbreviated OCN, is [O=C=N]-. It also includes any salt that contains it, like ammonium cyanate. It is a substantially less stable isomer of the fulminate anion [C−≡N+O]−
A cyanate group-containing organic compound is known as a cyanate ester. An ambidentate ligand, the cyanate ion can form complexes with metal ions in which either the nitrogen or oxygen atom can serve as the electron-pair donor. A bridging ligand can also be produced using it.
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What mass of copper atoms have the same number of atoms as there are in a 4.21 gram sample of silicon?
The mass of copper atoms have the same number of atoms as there are in 4.21 g sample of silicon is 9.55 g
Avogadro's hypothesis1 mole of silicon = 6.02×10²³ atoms
But
1 mole of silicon = 28 g
Thus, we can say that:
28 g of silicon = 6.02×10²³ atoms
How to determine the atoms in 4.21 g of silicon28 g of silicon = 6.02×10²³ atoms
Therefore,
4.21 g of silicon = (4.21 × 6.02×10²³) / 28
4.21 g of silicon = 9.05×10²² atoms
Thus, 9.05×10²² atoms is present in 4.21 g of silicon
How to determine the mass of copper that contains 9.05×10²² atomsFrom Avogadro's hypothesis ,
6.02×10²³ atoms = 1 mole of copper
But
1 mole of copper = 63.55 g
Thus, we can say that:
6.02×10²³ atoms = 63.55 g of copper
Therefore,
9.05×10²² atoms = (9.05×10²² × 63.55) / 6.02×10²³
9.05×10²² atoms = 9.55 g of copper
Thus, 9.55 g of copper contains the same number of atoms in 4.21 g sample of silicon
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Which type of solution contains higher than normal amount of osmo typically active?
Osmotically active solutes are present in greater than usual concentrations in hypertonic solution.
What is hypertonic solution?
Any external solution with a low water concentration compared to bodily fluids and a high solute concentration is referred to as a hypertonic solution. Water will net migrate from the body into the solution in a hypertonic solution.
Since seawater contains more salt ions than freshwater, it is a hypertonic solution. Since the water in their cells would quickly leak into the surrounding salt water, freshwater fish cannot survive in seawater. They would quickly suffocate and perish.
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Discuss Dalton’s ideas by completing the following paragraph. After years of studying _____, Dalton was able to accurately determine the ______ of the elements involved in the reactions. His conclusions resulted in the ____________, which helped to explain that ________ in chemical reactions separate, ________ or ___________, but are not created, ___________, or _________.
1.Chemical reactions
2. Mass ratios
3. Atomic theory
4. Atoms
5. Combine
6. rearrange
7. Destroyed
8. Divided
What is the atomic theory?The atomic theory is a scientific description of the nature of atoms and matter.
The Dalton's atomic theory was the first complete attempt to describe all matter in terms of atoms and their properties.
After years of studying Chemical reactions, Dalton was able to accurately determine the mass ratios of the elements involved in the reactions. His conclusions resulted in the atomic theory, which helped to explain that atoms in chemical reactions separate, combine or rearrange, but are not created, destroyed, or divided.
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The procedure warns against adding more than 15 ml of xylene to the erlenmeyer flask during recrystallization. why?
This could lead to some product not dissolving fully and thus remaining in solution after the recrystallization flask has cooled.
What is recrystallization?
Recrystallization is defined as a method for the purification of compounds that involves dissolving a compound in a solvent and then gently cooling the solution to form crystals, which are a purer form of the component. Recrystallization is a technique used by scientists to clean up solids, which are usually byproducts of various chemical reactions.
Therefore,
The procedure warns against adding more than 15 ml of xylene to the erlenmeyer flask during recrystallization. why?
This could lead to some product not dissolving fully and thus remaining in solution after the recrystallization flask has cooled.
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Why do some glucose molecules move out of
the blood and others move into it?
Due to process of facilitated diffusion some glucose molecules move out of the blood and others move into it.
Facilitated diffusion :The diffusion of solutes across the plasma membrane is facilitated by transport proteins. Passive transport is facilitated diffusion. Even though transport proteins are involved in facilitated diffusion, it is still passive transport because the solute is moving across the concentration gradient.
Why is it called facilitated diffusion?Passive transportation is facilitated transport. Unlike simple diffusion, which occurs when materials pass through a membrane without the assistance of proteins, facilitated transport, also known as facilitated diffusion, occurs when materials diffuse across the plasma membrane with the assistance of membrane proteins.
Importance of Facilitated DiffusionTo move molecules from one side of the membrane to the other without using energy, facilitated diffusion is required. Large and charged molecules, in particular, benefit from facilitated diffusion. These molecules cannot move freely across the plasma membrane due to simple diffusion.
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among the elements of the main group, the general trend in the first ionization energy moving across a period is not followed between group 2 and group 13. which best explains these exceptions?
Due to the full s orbital's protection of the electron entering the p orbital, the ionization energy drops.
The full s orbital shields the electron as it enters the p orbital, lowering the ionization energy.
This process of "shielding" reduce s the net force acting on the outer shell electrons by a large amount when each new electron experiences both nucleon attraction and S orbital repulsion forces. Ionization energy consequently drops during these groupings.
The energy needed to free the outermost, or least bound, electron from an element's neutral atom is known as the first ionisation energy. First ionisation energy normally rises from left to right across a period on the periodic table. The outermost electron is more tightly connected to the nucleus as a result of the increased nuclear charge.
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what is the molarity of an aqueous solution that contains 0.0720 g c₂h₆o₂ per gram of solution . the density of the solution is 1.04 g/ml
The molarity of an aqueous solution that contains 0.0720 g C₂H₆O₂ per gram of solution with density 1.04 g/mL is 1.626 M.
Calculating grams of C₂H₆O₂ per ml of solution,
1 mL of solution weighs 1.40 g
1.40 g of solution x 0.0720gC₂H₆O₂ = 0.1008 C₂H₆O₂
1
Concentration of C₂H₆O₂ is 0.1008 g/mL
Now, converting g/mL to molarity, using molar mass.
Molar mass of C₂H₆O₂ = 62 g/mol
0.1008 g ÷ 62 g/mol = 1.626x10⁻³
1 mL = 0.001 L
1.626x10⁻³ = 1.626 M
0.001
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The periodic table is arranged by various patterns. Is there a pattern with regard to ionic charge
Ionic sizes would decrease down the group but increase across a period.
What is ionic charge?The term ionic charge refers to the charge that an ion carries. We know that metals are found towards the left hand side of the periodic table while the nonmetals are found towards the right hand side of the periodic table.
Down the group, more shells are added hence the atomic sizes would increase down the group.
As we move from left to right, the ionic sizes are increased because ions are formed by the addition of electrons to the electron cloud. Hence ionic sizes would decrease down the group but increase across a period.
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m. m. r. howlader and f. zhang, void-free strong bonding of surface activated silicon wafers from room temperature to annealing at 600 ˚c, thin solid films 519 (2010) 804-808.
Surface-activated silicon wafers were bonded firmly and void-free by MMR Howlader from room temperature to annealing at 600 °C, followed by analysis of the interface's optical, electrical, mechanical, and nanostructure properties.
What is annealing?
In the fields of metallurgy and materials science, annealing is a heat treatment that modifies the physical and occasionally chemical properties of a material to enhance its ductility and decrease its hardness, making it more workable.
Annealing is a heat-treatment procedure that modifies a material's physical, and occasionally chemical, properties to improve ductility and decrease hardness to make it more workable.
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