According to the psychodynamic perspective, which of the following is not a contributing influence to a person's personality? group of answer choices a personal narrative about self-concept unconscious desires early childhood experiences unconscious fears

True. Bernburg and Krohn's research found that being labeled as Black labeled by juvenile justice officials and economically disadvantaged by justice officials increased the likelihood of engagement in crime. Labels may impact future behavior and opportunities.

Bernburg and Krohn found that young adults who were Black (as labeled by juvenile justice officials) and who came from an economically disadvantaged home (as labeled by police or juvenile justice officials) were more likely to engage in crime than other young adults who had been similarly labeled. This suggests that the content loaded in the labeling process can have a significant impact on an individual's future behavior and opportunities.

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As a transformational leader, Ben Ben can generate excitement in his followers by being a charismatic leader, intellectually stimulating subordinates, and/or giving individualized attention to subordinates.

Charismatic leadership is about having a magnetic personality and being able to inspire and motivate others through your words and actions. Ben is able to create a vision for the future and communicate it in a way that excites and inspires his followers.

Intellectual stimulation involves challenging his subordinates to think creatively and outside the box. Ben encourages his team to explore new ideas, think critically and engage in open discussions. This helps to foster a culture of innovation and creativity within his team.

Lastly, Ben recognizes that every individual is unique and has their own set of strengths and weaknesses. By giving individualized attention to each of his subordinates, Ben is able to understand their needs and tailor his leadership approach accordingly. This creates a sense of trust and loyalty among his followers, as they feel valued and supported by their leader.

Overall, Ben's transformational leadership style has allowed him to generate excitement and enthusiasm among his followers, resulting in a highly motivated and productive team.

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Answer:

a. True

Explanation:

True. Heavy commitment by an executive to a course of action, especially if it has worked well in the past, makes it likely to miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret them when they do appear.

When an executive is heavily committed to a course of action, they may become too focused on its success& fail to recognize warning signs of potential problems or misinterpret them as minor issues.

This can be especially problematic if the executive has experienced success with this course of action in the past, as it may lead to overconfidence and a lack of critical evaluation.

It is important for executives to remain open-minded and consider alternative courses of action, even if they have worked well in the past.

This allows for flexibility and adaptability in the face of changing circumstances and helps to prevent the potential for serious consequences due to missed warning signs.

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Two Standards" is a term used in aviation maintenance, specifically in reference to the criteria that must be met for a major alteration or repair.

According to FAA regulations, any major alteration or repair must meet two standards: the original type certificate design criteria, and any additional standards that the FAA may prescribe. This ensures that any modifications or repairs made to an aircraft do not compromise its safety or airworthiness. The term "Two Standards" is also sometimes referred to as "Dual Compliance."In aviation maintenance, a major alteration or repair refers to any work done on an aircraft that significantly affects its structure, systems, or performance.

Examples of major alterations or repairs include engine replacements, wing modifications, and avionics upgrades.The requirement that major alterations or repairs must meet two standards is meant to ensure that any changes made to the aircraft are both safe and compliant with regulations. The first standard, the original type certificate design criteria, refers to the original design specifications of the aircraft as approved by the FAA. Any modifications made to the aircraft must not compromise its ability to meet these original design criteria

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It would be most difficult to explain Mary's behavior of loving hang gliding according to the drive-reduction theory.

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AC 43.13-1B, also known as "Acceptable Methods, Techniques, and Practices - Aircraft Inspection and Repair," is a widely used reference guide for the inspection and repair of aircraft. It can be used as approved data for major repairs if certain conditions are met, which include:

The repair must be considered a major repair as defined in FAR 1.1. The repair must not be specifically addressed in the manufacturer's maintenance or repair manuals. The person performing the repair must be appropriately qualified and have the necessary knowledge and expertise to perform the repair. The repair must be completed in accordance with the guidelines provided in AC 43.13-1B. The person performing the repair must document the repair in accordance with applicable FAA regulations, including the use of FAA Form 337, and must make the necessary entries in the aircraft maintenance records.

It is important to note that the use of AC 43.13-1B as approved data for major repairs is subject to the discretion of the FAA. The FAA may require additional information or documentation to demonstrate the safety and airworthiness of the repair.

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The central question in making an attribution for a person's motivation is whether the cause of behavior is due to psychological or physical factors.

Attribution theory states that people make person's motivation about others' behavior based on their understanding of the causes behind that behavior. When we make attributions about someone's motivation, we are trying to understand what caused them to behave in a certain way.

The factors that contribute to behavior can be either psychological or physical in nature. Psychological factors refer to a person's internal mental states, such as their beliefs, values, and attitudes. Physical factors, on the other hand, refer to external, observable factors, such as the environment, physical abilities, or health.

When trying to make an attribution about someone's motivation, we must consider whether the cause of their behavior is due to psychological or physical factors. For example, if someone is behaving in a certain way due to their beliefs or values, we would make an attribution based on psychological factors.

If someone is behaving in a certain way due to a physical limitation or disability, we would make an attribution based on physical factors.

Therefore, in order to make an accurate attribution about someone's motivation, we must consider both psychological and physical factors and how they interact with each other to influence behavior.

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Thermite is a chemical compound that is typically used as an incendiary material. The term "thermite" does not have a direct translation, as it is a specific word used to describe this particular substance.

The term "translation" refers to the process of converting a word or phrase from one language to another. "Thermite" is a chemical compound commonly used in incendiary mixtures, and its name is the same in many languages.

Thermite is a mixture of an oxide of one metal and a powder of another metal.

The thermite contains a mass ratio of ferric oxide and aluminium of 3:1.

It is used to weld broken iron pieces thermally. The reduction of aluminium ferric oxide is extremely exothermic, so the iron produced would be in the molten state.

Thermite can be produced from aluminum and iron oxide according to redox reaction.

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Proportionality in the context of criminal justice means that certain principles should be upheld. One of these principles is that caseloads must be distributed equally among the available judges.

Additionally, there should be a direct relationship between the severity of the sanction and the seriousness of the crime committed, as well as an objective consideration of the offender's criminal history at the time of sentencing. Similar crimes should be punished with similar sentences to ensure equity in the criminal justice system. These principles are essential to maintain a fair and just system of criminal justice.

Proportionality means that there should be a direct relationship between the severity of the sanction and the seriousness of the crime. This ensures that similar crimes are punished with similar sentences and the offender's criminal history is objectively considered at sentencing.

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The complete question is

Proportionality means that among the following answer choices:

A. Caseloads must be distributed equally among the available judges.

B. There should be a direct relationship between the severity of the sanction and the seriousness of the crime.

C. The offender's criminal history should be objectively considered at sentencing.

D. Similar crimes are punished with similar sentences.

Which statement best describes the concept of proportionality?

According to Jacqueline and Martin Brooks (1993, 2001), schoolteachers typically did NOT encourage students to come up with new ideas and rethink conclusions at school to promote critical thinking.

According to Jacqueline and Martin Brooks (1993, 2001), schoolteachers typically did NOT promote critical thinking by making sure students got the single correct answer to a question. This approach discourages students from exploring alternative perspectives and developing their critical thinking skills. Instead, teachers should encourage students to come up with new ideas, rethink conclusions, and engage in activities such as defining, describing, and listing.

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Tullberg's notion of narrow responsibility suggests that the system of product liability should be designed to hold individual actors responsible for their specific actions or omissions that caused harm, rather than holding the entire chain of production and distribution accountable.

Tullberg's concept of narrow responsibility emphasizes individual accountability and seeks to avoid holding companies responsible for harms caused by factors beyond their control.

This approach suggests that product liability should focus on identifying the specific individual or organization responsible for a particular harm, rather than holding entire industries or supply chains accountable.

By doing so, the system of product liability can avoid discouraging innovation and unfairly burdening companies while still ensuring that individuals and organizations are held responsible for their actions. This approach aligns with the principles of fairness and justice, which are important considerations in designing any legal framework.

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The  prison designs  that has been traditionally used to house both women and juvenile offenders is the correct answer is: d. campus style

Campus-style prisons have been traditionally used to house both women and juvenile offenders. This design allows for a more humane and less restrictive environment, providing opportunities for education, recreation, and other programs to help rehabilitate the inmates.

The use of open space, detached housing units, and walkways that allow offenders to spend time outside each day makes this type stand out. The layout is meant to ease the stress of prison life. To that aim, the majority of authorities concur that the capacity of the campus prisons should not exceed 400–600 convicts.

Thus the correct option is d. campus style.

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According to the most recent data available from the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), in the 2017-2018 school year, approximately 32% of students with multiple disabilities spent all of their time in separate educational settings.

It's important to note that this percentage may vary depending on the specific disabilities and needs of the students, as well as the availability and accessibility of inclusive education programs and services in different regions and school districts.

Inclusive education, where students with disabilities are educated alongside their non-disabled peers, has been shown to have numerous benefits for all students, including increased academic achievement, social skills development, and overall well-being.

However, ensuring that all students have access to quality inclusive education requires ongoing efforts and resources from educators, policymakers, and the broader community.

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Yes, a plan that describes how an organization will achieve its vision, mission, objectives, and goals is a crucial tool for success. Goals and objectives are essential components of an organization's plan as they define what the organization wants to achieve and how it will measure success.

Goals are broader and more general than objectives, which are specific, measurable, and time-bound. Organizations must set both long-term and short-term goals and objectives to create a clear and achievable roadmap. An effective plan should outline specific steps, timelines, resources required, and roles and responsibilities needed to achieve the desired outcomes. A well-crafted plan can help organizations prioritize their efforts, allocate resources, and measure progress towards their goals and objectives. In summary, a plan that describes how an organization will achieve its vision, mission, objectives, and goals is essential for organizational success.

A plan that describes how an organization will achieve its vision, mission, objectives, and goals is known as a strategic plan. The strategic plan serves as a roadmap to guide an organization's efforts and decision-making processes, ensuring that it stays on track and aligned with its overall purpose.

1. Vision: The vision represents the organization's desired future state or ultimate aspiration. It is a clear and inspiring picture of what the organization wants to achieve in the long run.

2. Mission: The mission is the organization's core purpose, which defines why it exists and what it aims to accomplish. It serves as the foundation for the organization's actions and decisions.

3. Objectives: Objectives are specific, measurable targets that the organization sets to accomplish its mission. They outline the steps necessary to reach the desired outcomes and are often time-bound, meaning they have a defined timeframe for completion.

4. Goals: Goals are broad, overarching outcomes that the organization wants to achieve. They are often qualitative in nature and provide direction for the organization's efforts.

To create a strategic plan, an organization should:

1. Define its vision and mission to provide a clear purpose and direction.
2. Identify its goals to establish overarching desired outcomes.
3. Set specific objectives that are measurable and time-bound to help achieve the goals.
4. Develop strategies and tactics to outline the steps required to achieve the objectives.
5. Implement the plan by allocating resources, assigning responsibilities, and setting timelines.
6. Regularly monitor and evaluate the progress of the plan, making adjustments as necessary to ensure the organization stays on track.

By following these steps, an organization can effectively develop a strategic plan that outlines the actions and processes needed to achieve its vision, mission, objectives, and goals.

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In a matched-pair design, the researcher creates a set of two participants who are highly similar on a key trait and then randomly assigns these individuals to different groups.

In a matched-pair design, the researcher creates a set of two participants who are highly similar on a key trait and then randomly assigns these individuals to different groups. This design is often used to control for individual differences in the key trait and other potential confounding variables, allowing for more accurate assessments of treatment effects.

For example, if the key trait is taste sensitivity, the researcher may create pairs of participants who have similar taste sensitivity and then randomly assign one person in each pair to a control group and the other to a group that tastes something sour to see if it affects their perception differently.

Therefore, this approach helps control for individual differences and ensures a more accurate comparison between the groups.    

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The Electoral College has never worked as the framers had envisioned, as an institution that would allow independent decision makers in various states to deliberate and determine who would make the best president.

The Electoral College has never worked as the framers had envisioned, as an institution that would allow a group of independent decision makers to get together in the many states and deliberate over who would make the best president. Instead, it has become a largely ceremonial and predetermined process, with electors typically voting in accordance with the popular vote in their state. Some argue that this system is outdated and should be replaced with a more direct popular vote, while others believe that it still serves an important purpose in preserving the balance of power between larger and smaller states. Ultimately, the question of who would make the best president is subjective and cannot be determined solely by the Electoral College.

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The prediction that is most strongly supported by time use studies about gender balance is that women do the same heavier proportion of unpaid work, regardless of how many hours they work outside the home.

This is commonly referred to as the "second shift" phenomenon, where women who work outside the home still take on the majority of household and caregiving responsibilities. This is often due to traditional gender roles and societal expectations. However, it is important for couples to have open communication and strive for a more equitable division of labor.
Based on time use studies about gender balance, the prediction that is most strongly supported is: women do the same heavier proportion of unpaid work, regardless of how many hours they work outside the home.

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People who use their own personal values to make moral decisions are at the level of "postconventional moral reasoning." So the full answer is: c. This level of moral reasoning goes beyond simply following societal norms and rules and involves an individual's personal beliefs and principles.

Postconventional moral reasoning involves the ability to think critically and reflect on one's own values and beliefs, and then apply them to ethical decision-making. It often involves a consideration of the greater good and the principles of justice and fairness. It involves a consideration of abstract ethical principles, such as justice and fairness, and a willingness to challenge the status quo when it conflicts with personal values. This level of moral reasoning is often associated with individuals who are highly self-reflective and independent-minded.

In contrast, preoperational moral reasoning is a stage of moral development that is typical of young children who are focused on avoiding punishment and seeking rewards. Conventional moral reasoning is focused on conforming to societal norms and expectations, while formal-operational moral reasoning involves the ability to consider abstract ethical principles.

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Forty Ninth Hardest" refers to a ranking of the level of difficulty of a particular task or challenge. It suggests that out of a list of 49 items or tasks, the one in question is the 49th most difficult.

This ranking could be based on various criteria, such as the amount of skill or effort required, the level of expertise needed, or the likelihood of success. Essentially, being the "Forty Ninth Hardest" means that the task or challenge is relatively difficult, but not the most difficult on the list. Forty Ninth Hardest" is a comparative term that implies that the task or challenge in question is not the easiest or most straightforward, but it is also not the most difficult or complex. It suggests that there are 48 other items or tasks that are more difficult than this one. It is worth noting that the phrase "Forty Ninth Hardest" is subjective and can vary depending on the context and the individual or group making the assessment. What is considered difficult by one person or organization may not be seen as challenging by another. Therefore, the ranking should be taken with a grain of salt and considered in the appropriate context.

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The parasympathetic nervous system begins to function after the fight-or-flight response has occurred. The answer is c.

The parasympathetic nervous system is one of the two branches of the autonomic nervous system that helps regulate the body's internal organs, and it works in opposition to the sympathetic nervous system.

The sympathetic nervous system initiates the fight-or-flight response, which is the body's response to a perceived threat or danger. Once the threat is over, the parasympathetic nervous system takes over and brings the body back to a state of rest and relaxation.

The parasympathetic nervous system slows down heart rate, constricts the pupils, stimulates digestion, and helps the body conserve energy. Therefore, it is activated after the fight-or-flight response has occurred, and it works to counteract the effects of the sympathetic nervous system to bring the body back to its normal state.

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In making an argument in support of capital punishment, consequentialists generally favor moral principles based on the outcomes or consequences of an action. Nonconsequentialists, on the other hand, focus on the inherent rightness or wrongness of an action, regardless of its consequences.

Consequentialist principles in support of capital punishment may include:

1. Deterrence: Capital punishment can deter potential criminals from committing serious crimes, thus reducing crime rates.

2. Retribution: Capital punishment provides justice by ensuring that criminals receive punishment proportional to the severity of their crimes.

3. Public safety: Capital punishment removes dangerous criminals from society, preventing them from causing further harm.

Nonconsequentialist principles in support of capital punishment may include:

1. Moral absolutism: Certain actions, such as murder, are inherently wrong, and the appropriate response is capital punishment.

2. Retributive justice: Capital punishment is necessary for society to maintain a just and moral order.

3. Individual rights: The state has the right to enforce laws and punish those who violate them with capital punishment if necessary.

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The Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment was a study conducted in 1972 to determine the impact of police patrols on crime prevention.

The experiment involved dividing Kansas City into three areas - one area with no patrols, one with regular patrols, and one with increased patrols. The study found that the level of crime in each area remained relatively the same regardless of the amount of police patrols. This led to the conclusion that traditional preventive patrol practices did not have a significant impact on crime prevention.

The study also found that citizens' fear of crime decreased in all three areas, indicating that the presence of police may have a psychological impact on the community. However, this was not enough to justify the cost and resources required for traditional preventive patrols.

The Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment was a groundbreaking study in the field of policing and has since influenced the way police departments approach crime prevention. Rather than relying solely on patrols, departments have begun to implement more targeted and data-driven approaches to prevent crime.

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When driving on a multi-lane highway, the safest and most appropriate lane of travel is typically the right-hand lane. This lane is designated for normal driving speeds and is less congested.

The left-hand lane is generally reserved for passing slower vehicles or making left turns. Always remember to maintain a safe following distance, use turn signals, and observe speed limits for a secure driving experience. When driving on a multi-lane highway, the safest and most appropriate lane of travel will depend on several factors, such as the speed limit, traffic density, and road conditions. In general, it is recommended to keep to the right side of the road, except when overtaking slower vehicles or when exiting the highway. The left lanes on multi-lane highways are typically reserved for passing, and as such, tend to have faster-moving traffic. Therefore, if you are not overtaking, it is generally safer to stay in the right lanes, which tend to have slower-moving traffic. It is also important to maintain a safe following distance from the vehicle in front of you, regardless of which lane you are driving in. Additionally, always obey posted speed limits and adjust your speed to match road conditions, such as heavy traffic or inclement weather.

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The answer to the question is that situational attribution describes a person's behavior based on external factors.

Situational attributions refer to the tendency to explain someone's behavior based on the situation or context in which it occurred, rather than solely on their internal characteristics or traits. This approach suggests that behavior is not solely determined by one's personality or biology, but also by the circumstances in which it occurs. Therefore, situational attributions can provide a more nuanced understanding of human behavior by taking into account the context in which it occurs.

Situational attribution focuses on how circumstances or events outside of an individual's control can influence their actions and reactions, rather than their personality or internal factors.

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A collection of questions asked of/collected from a target population or cases drawn from that population represent a "survey."

Explanation:

1. Define the target population: This is the entire group of individuals that you want to study or gather information about.

2. Create a collection of questions: These questions should be relevant to the topic you are studying and tailored to the target population.

3. Administer the survey: Distribute the questions to a sample of the target population, either through face-to-face interviews, online platforms, or other methods.

4. Analyze the results: After collecting responses from the sample, analyze the data to draw conclusions about the target population based on the responses.

The survey helps in understanding the characteristics, opinions, or behaviors of the target population, providing valuable insights for research, decision-making, or planning.

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Biological theorists suggest that mood disorders may be related to low blood levels of serotonin and noradrenaline. These neurotransmitters play important roles in regulating mood and their deficiency has been linked to the development of depression and other mood disorders.

Antidepressant medications work by increasing the levels of serotonin and noradrenaline in the brain, thus alleviating symptoms of depression. It would also mention other factors, such as genetics and environmental influences, that may contribute to the development of mood disorders in addition to neurotransmitter imbalances.

These neurotransmitters play a crucial role in regulating mood, and their imbalance can contribute to the development of mood disorders such as depression and anxiety.

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According to the  "Raving Fans", systems guarantee consistent and reliable results for customers. These systems ensure that every customer receives the same level of service and quality, which helps to build trust and loyalty.

By implementing effective systems, businesses can create a culture of excellence that delivers outstanding experiences to the customers time and time again. This can lead to a reputation for exceptional customer service and a loyal customer base that generates positive word-of-mouth recommendations and referrals for the company.

Ultimately, systems are key to creating "raving fans" who are delighted with their experiences and eager to return for more.

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The aggregate refers to the total number of goods demanded or supplied in a given market or economy. Therefore, the correct option is B.

In economics, aggregate demand and aggregate supply are concepts used to measure the total demand and supply of goods and services in a market or economy. The aggregate demand is the total amount of goods and services demanded by all consumers, businesses, and government entities in a given market or economy. The aggregate supply is the total amount of goods and services that producers are willing to supply at a given price level.

Hence, the correct option is B.

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Answer:

B

Explanation:

The process of selecting a subset of people from a population such that every person in the population has an equal chance of being chosen for the subset is called random sampling.

Random sampling is a statistical technique used to select a subset of individuals from a larger population. The process involves selecting individuals from the population at random, in such a way that every individual in the population has an equal chance of being selected.

Random sampling is important because it helps to ensure that the sample is representative of the larger population, which allows researchers to make valid statistical inferences about the population based on the characteristics of the sample.

There are various methods of random sampling, including simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, and cluster random sampling, each with its own unique strengths and weaknesses depending on the specific research context.

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