An approach to ethics management combines a concern for law with an emphasis on managerial responsibility for ethical behavior is b. integrity-based ethics
An approach to ethics management that is built on the idea of integrity includes both a concern for the law and a focus on managerial accountability for ethical behavior. A concern for the law and a focus on each manager's need to act morally and in the organisation's best interests are combined in the integrity-based ethics approach to ethics management.
This strategy is founded on the idea that acting ethically is a reflection of an organisation's fundamental beliefs and ideas rather than merely an issue of adhering to laws and regulations. It strongly emphasises managers' responsibilities for fostering moral conduct and exhorts them to establish a climate of honesty and responsibility.
Complete Question:
An approach to ethics management combines a concern for law with an emphasis on managerial responsibility for ethical behavior is -
a. compliance-based ethics program
b. integrity-based ethics
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a company should carry the amount of working capital necessary to conduct operations, not necessarily maximize its working capital. group startstrue or false
The given statement "a company should carry the amount of working capital necessary to conduct operations, not necessarily maximize its working capital." is true becasue carrying excess working capital can lead to unnecessary costs and reduced profitability, while having inadequate working capital can lead to operational issues and missed opportunities.
A company should maintain an optimal level of working capital, which is the amount of current assets minus current liabilities that are required to operate the business efficiently. Maintaining too much working capital can result in excess cash balances, which are not generating any returns for the company.
Conversely, maintaining too little working capital can lead to liquidity issues and an inability to meet short-term obligations. Thus, it is important for companies to strike a balance between the two and carry only the amount of working capital required for the smooth functioning of their operations.
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which of the following is not a wrap-up closure activity that might be found on a checklist? question 53 options: getting delivery acceptance from the customer reassigning project team members closing accounts and seeing all bills are paid evaluation of team performance creating a final report
When it comes to wrap-up closure activities that might be found on a checklist, reassigning project team members is not one of them.The correct answer to this question is "reassigning project team members".
Wrap-up closure activities are those tasks that are performed at the end of a project or task to ensure that all loose ends are tied up and the project is complete. These activities can include getting delivery acceptance from the customer, closing accounts and ensuring all bills are paid, evaluating team performance, and creating a final report. Getting delivery acceptance from the customer is an important step in the closure process as it ensures that the customer is satisfied with the work that has been completed and that there are no outstanding issues that need to be addressed.
Closing accounts and ensuring all bills are paid is also crucial to ensure that all financial obligations have been met and that the project has been completed within the allocated budget.Evaluating team performance is important to identify any areas for improvement in future projects and to recognize team members for their contributions.
Creating a final report is also important to document the project and its outcomes for future reference.Reassigning project team members, on the other hand, is not a wrap-up closure activity. This would typically be done earlier in the project if there are any changes in team members or responsibilities. It is not a task that would be done specifically as part of the closure process.The correct answer to this question is "reassigning project team members".
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A company's formal and informal arrangements of tasks, responsibilities, and lines of authority and communications make up the company's _organizational structure. (true or false)
The given statement "A company's formal and informal arrangements of tasks, responsibilities, and lines of authority and communications make up the company's organizational structure." is True.
Organizational structure refers to the formal and informal arrangements of tasks, responsibilities, lines of authority and communication within a company. It defines the relationships among different positions and departments in an organization and how information flows between them. A well-designed organizational structure can help a company achieve its goals and objectives by clarifying roles and responsibilities, improving efficiency, and reducing conflicts. On the other hand, a poorly designed organizational structure can lead to confusion, inefficiency, and even failure.
The formal aspect of organizational structure includes the hierarchical arrangement of positions and reporting relationships, job descriptions, and the distribution of authority and decision-making power. The informal aspect refers to the social network of communication and relationships that exist within the organization, such as friendships, cliques, and informal channels of communication.
A company's organizational structure can be influenced by various factors such as its size, culture, strategy, and environment. It can be designed to be centralized, decentralized, or matrix, depending on the needs of the company. Ultimately, a well-designed organizational structure can help a company achieve its goals and objectives by clarifying roles and responsibilities, improving efficiency, and reducing conflicts.
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To determine Zero Rates we can use?
A. Observations of market prices of strips . These are zero-coupon bonds that are synthetically created by traders when they sell coupons on bonds separately from the principal, AND The boot strap method. B. Observations of the number of issues with no coupon payments AND The expectations theory method. C. The Zero Rates are determined by the FED and disseminated to the markets at the FOMC meetings. D. Observations of the number of traders in Treasury Markets. These traders dictate are zero-coupon bond yields AND The belt tightening method.
To determine Zero Rates we can use A. Observations of market prices of strips . These are zero-coupon bonds that are synthetically created by traders when they sell coupons on bonds separately from the principal, AND The boot strap method.
How to determine zero rates ?The bootstrapping method is a process where the prices of strips with different maturities are used to calculate the zero-coupon yield curve, which represents the yields of zero-coupon bonds with different maturities.
The zero rates derived from the strips and bootstrapping method are used as a benchmark for pricing other fixed-income securities, such as bonds, swaps, and options. This is because the zero rates represent the market's expectation of future interest rates and can be used to discount the cash flows of other fixed-income securities.
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8. Why do we construct portfolio? Give some examples to explain how this works to reduce portfolio risk. (10 marks) I
A portfolio is a collection of investments, such as stocks, bonds, and other securities. Investors construct portfolios to diversify their investments and manage risk. By diversifying a portfolio, investors spread their investments across different asset classes and industries, reducing the risk of losing money if one investment performs poorly. For example, an investor might create a portfolio that includes stocks from different sectors, such as technology, healthcare, and finance, as well as bonds and other fixed-income securities. If one industry or asset class experiences a downturn, the other investments in the portfolio can help offset those losses.
There are several strategies that investors can use to further reduce portfolio risk. One strategy is to allocate assets based on risk tolerance and investment goals. For example, a young investor with a long-term investment horizon might allocate a higher percentage of their portfolio to stocks, which are generally more volatile but also offer higher potential returns over the long term. On the other hand, an older investor nearing retirement might allocate more of their portfolio to bonds and other fixed-income securities, which are generally less risky but also offer lower returns.
Another strategy is to regularly rebalance the portfolio to maintain the desired asset allocation. Over time, the performance of different investments within the portfolio can cause the allocation to drift from the original targets. Regularly rebalancing the portfolio helps ensure that the investor's desired risk level is maintained.
Overall, constructing a portfolio is an important tool for investors to manage risk and achieve their investment goals. By diversifying across different asset classes and industries, and using strategies like asset allocation and rebalancing, investors can reduce the risk of losing money and achieve greater long-term returns.
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Question 11 of 20 -/1 View Policies Current Attempt in Progress When a firm has a period of mixed dividend growth followed by a period of no growth one can find the current price by calculating the present value of the mixed dividends and adding it to the presentvalue of the price at the point when it experiences no growth. True False Attempts: 0 of 1 used Submit Answer Save for Later
The statement is true because it is consistent with the dividend discount model (DDM) used to estimate the intrinsic value of a stock based on its future dividends.
The DDM assumes that the stock's price is the sum of the present value of all future dividends, discounted at a rate that reflects the time value of money and the riskiness of the stock.
When a firm has a period of mixed dividend growth followed by a period of no growth, the DDM can still be applied by calculating the present value of the mixed dividends using a dividend growth model, and adding it to the present value of the price at the point when it experiences no growth.
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a business structure that combines the tax benefits of a limited partnership but is similar to a corporation in that is publicly traded on a security exchange is known as a
The business structure that you are referring to is known as a Master Limited Partnership (MLP).
An MLP is a type of partnership that combines the tax benefits of a limited partnership with the liquidity and access to capital of a publicly traded corporation. This structure is commonly used in the energy, natural resources, and real estate industries, where companies require significant capital investments to finance their operations.
In an MLP, the general partner manages the partnership and is responsible for making all business decisions. The limited partners provide capital and have limited liability for the partnership's debts and obligations. The limited partners also receive a share of the partnership's income and tax benefits, which can include deductions for depreciation and depletion.
One of the key advantages of an MLP is that it can be publicly traded on a securities exchange, allowing investors to buy and sell units in the partnership.
This provides investors with liquidity and the ability to diversify their portfolios. Additionally, MLPs are not subject to federal income tax at the entity level, which can result in significant tax savings for the partnership and its investors.
Overall, the MLP structure is an attractive option for companies that require access to capital and want to take advantage of the tax benefits of a partnership while remaining publicly traded.
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which of the following is an advantage of the first in, first out (fifo) method? a. it results in lower tax liability. b. it reduces the risk of spoilage. c. record keeping is simple under this method. d. this method involves no complex calculations.
The advantage of the first in, first out FIFO method is that it reduces the risk of spoilage. Option B is correct.
The FIFO method assumes that the first items that are purchased or produced are the first items sold or used, which means that the oldest inventory is always used first. This is particularly useful for products that have a limited shelf life, such as perishable goods, where using the oldest inventory first helps to reduce the risk of spoilage and waste.
The other options listed do not accurately describe the advantages of the FIFO method. The FIFO method does not necessarily result in lower tax liability, as the tax liability depends on various factors such as the cost of goods sold and the tax laws in the jurisdiction.
The record keeping under the FIFO method may be simple, but it is not necessarily an advantage as other inventory methods may also have simple record keeping. Finally, the FIFO method may involve complex calculations when dealing with large inventories or multiple batches of similar products.
Hence, B. is the correct option.
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Bond rating changes impact not only the ____________ of the bonds, but also the ____________ that the company or municipality would have to pay if it issued new bonds.
Question 4 options: 1) PE ratios; underwriting fees 2) Expense ratios; underwriting fees 3) Current prices; interest rate 4) None of the options listed
ABC Plc , in its 2021 finance statements is reporting total equity of €1572, total non-current liabilities of €200, gross profit of €400 and operating profit of €88. What is the Return on Capital employed as a percentage?
a. 4.97%
b. 44%
c. 20.14%
d.25.45%
The Return on Capital Employed for ABC Plc in 2021 is 4.97%.
To calculate ROCE, we'll need to follow these steps:
1. Calculate Capital Employed: Capital Employed is the total amount of funds used by a company in its operations. It is calculated as Total Equity + Non-Current Liabilities. In this case, Total Equity is €1,572, and Non-Current Liabilities are €200. So, Capital Employed = €1,572 + €200 = €1,772.
2. Find the Operating Profit: Operating Profit is the profit earned from a company's core business operations. In this case, the Operating Profit is given as €88.
3. Calculate ROCE: To find the ROCE, we need to divide the Operating Profit by Capital Employed and multiply the result by 100 to express it as a percentage. In this case, ROCE = (€88 / €1,772) * 100.
4. Calculate the percentage: ROCE = (€88 / €1,772) * 100 = 4.97%
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Differentiate between a) normal and non-normal cash
flows b) independent and mutually exclusive projects
Hi, I'd be happy to help you differentiate between a) normal and non-normal cash flows and b) independent and mutually exclusive projects.
a) Normal and Non-Normal Cash Flows:
Normal cash flows are characterized by an initial cash outflow (investment) followed by a series of cash inflows (returns) over the life of the project. These cash flows typically follow a predictable pattern, with no change in the direction of cash flow (i.e., from negative to positive or vice versa) after the initial investment.
Non-normal cash flows, on the other hand, exhibit irregular patterns, with changes in the direction of cash flow (from negative to positive or vice versa) occurring multiple times throughout the project's duration. This can occur due to factors such as additional investments, unplanned expenses, or irregular revenue streams.
b) Independent and Mutually Exclusive Projects:
Independent projects are those that can be undertaken simultaneously without affecting the cash flows or the decision-making process of any other project. The acceptance or rejection of one independent project does not impact the feasibility or desirability of any other project.
These projects can be analyzed individually, and their net present value (NPV) or internal rate of return (IRR) can be compared to make investment decisions.
Mutually exclusive projects are those in which the acceptance of one project implies the rejection of another, as the projects compete for the same resources (e.g., capital, labor, or market share). In this case, it is necessary to compare and evaluate the projects based on criteria such as NPV, IRR, or profitability index to determine which project offers the highest value to the organization.
In summary, normal cash flows have a predictable pattern with one initial outflow, while non-normal cash flows exhibit irregular patterns. Independent projects can be undertaken simultaneously without affecting others, whereas mutually exclusive projects compete for resources and only one can be chosen.
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If the production function is Q = 30 + 33L + 16K, what’s the
most you can produce with 5 workers (L) and 3 unit of capital (K)?
Enter as a value.
The maximum amount that can be produced with 5 workers and 3 units of capital is 243 units.
The production function is a mathematical equation that shows the maximum amount of output (Q) that can be produced with a given amount of inputs such as labor (L) and capital (K). In the case of the given production function Q = 30 + 33L + 16K, the output depends on the number of workers and units of capital used.
To answer the question, we need to plug in the given values of L = 5 and K = 3 into the production function and solve for Q.
Q = 30 + 33(5) + 16(3)
Q = 30 + 165 + 48
Q = 243
Therefore, the maximum amount that can be produced with 5 workers and 3 units of capital is 243 units.
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the main goal of antitrust policy is to group of answer choices encourage firms to produce at the mr
The main goal of antitrust policy is not to encourage firms to produce at the MR (marginal revenue) level, but rather to promote competition and prevent anti-competitive behavior.
The main objectives of antitrust policy include:
1. Preventing monopolies: Antitrust policy seeks to prevent firms from gaining too much market power and becoming monopolies, which can lead to higher prices, reduced quality, and fewer choices for consumers.
2. Promoting competition: Antitrust policy aims to promote competition in the marketplace by preventing anti-competitive practices such as price-fixing, bid-rigging, and collusion.
3. Protecting consumers: Antitrust policy seeks to protect consumers by ensuring that they have access to a variety of goods and services at fair prices, and that firms are not engaging in deceptive or misleading advertising practices.
4. Encouraging innovation: Antitrust policy recognizes the importance of innovation in driving economic growth and seeks to promote innovation by preventing firms from stifling competition and limiting opportunities for new entrants.
Overall, the goal of antitrust policy is to promote a competitive and dynamic marketplace that benefits consumers and encourages innovation and economic growth.
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which method would provide the greatest efficiency improvements for the purchase of noninventory items such as miscellaneous office supplies?
When it comes to the purchase of noninventory items such as miscellaneous office supplies, the method that would provide the greatest efficiency improvements is the procurement cards. The correct option is C.
Procurement cards are also known as purchasing cards or P-cards, which are specialized credit cards that allow companies to automate and streamline their purchasing processes.
Procurement cards offer several advantages that make them an efficient method for purchasing noninventory items. First, they allow employees to make purchases without going through the traditional requisition process, which can be time-consuming and bureaucratic.
This means that employees can quickly and easily purchase the items they need to do their jobs, without having to wait for approvals or go through multiple layers of authorization.
Second, procurement cards provide a centralized system for tracking and managing purchases. This makes it easier for companies to monitor spending, identify trends, and manage budgets.
Procurement cards also provide greater visibility into purchasing activity, which can help companies identify areas where they can reduce costs or negotiate better deals with suppliers.
Finally, procurement cards offer a higher level of security than other payment methods, such as checks or cash. They can be set up with strict spending limits and restrictions, which helps to prevent fraud or misuse of company funds.
Overall, procurement cards are an efficient and effective method for purchasing noninventory items such as office supplies. They offer several advantages that can help companies streamline their purchasing processes, reduce costs, and improve overall efficiency.
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Complete question:
Which method would provide the greatest efficiency improvements for the purchase of noninventory items such as miscellaneous office supplies?
a. bar-coding
b. EDI
c. procurement cards
d. EFT
The licensed practical nurse (LPN) is working in a surgical rehabilitation unit. Which
nursing task would be most appropriate for the LPN to implement?
1. Bathe the client who is incontinent of urine.
2. Document the amount of food the client eats.
3. Conduct the afternoon bingo game in the lobby.
4. Perform routine dressing changes on assigned clients.
The most appropriate nursing task for a licensed practical nurse (LPN) working in a surgical rehabilitation unit would be option 4: Perform routine dressing changes on assigned clients. This task is practical and directly related to the LPN's role in patient care, specifically addressing wound management and healing.
Dressing changes would fall within the scope of practice for an LPN. Bathing a client who is incontinent of urine may also be within an LPN's scope of practice, but it depends on the specific policies and procedures of the facility and the state's nurse practice act. Documenting the amount of food a client eats is typically the responsibility of a nursing assistant or a registered nurse. Conducting a bingo game would be considered a recreational activity and is not a nursing task. LPNs typically complete a one-year vocational or community college program and pass a national licensure exam. In some states, LPNs are also allowed to perform additional tasks, such as administering intravenous medications or performing certain diagnostic tests. In a surgical rehabilitation unit, LPNs may be responsible for providing care to patients who are recovering from surgical procedures. This can include monitoring wounds, administering medications, and assisting with activities of daily living. LPNs work closely with registered nurses and other members of the healthcare team to ensure that patients receive high-quality care.
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Perform routine dressing changes on assigned clients, would be the most appropriate nursing task for the licensed practical nurse (LPN) to implement in a surgical rehabilitation unit.
LPNs are licensed healthcare professionals who work under the supervision of registered nurses (RNs) and physicians to provide basic patient care. They have specific training and skills that enable them to perform routine nursing tasks such as administering medications, taking vital signs, and performing dressing changes.
Performing routine dressing changes on assigned clients is within the scope of practice for an LPN and is an essential nursing task in a surgical rehabilitation unit. Dressing changes may be required daily or even multiple times per day, depending on the nature of the surgery and the wound. LPNs can perform routine dressing changes, which may include removing old dressings, cleaning the wound, and applying new dressings, under the supervision of an RN or physician.
While bathing a client who is incontinent of urine, documenting the amount of food the client eats, and conducting the afternoon bingo game in the lobby are also important nursing tasks, these tasks may not require the same level of training or skill as performing dressing changes. It is important to ensure that LPNs are working within their scope of practice and that their nursing tasks are appropriate for their level of training and skill.
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a denial of service attack involves flooding a service with numerous requests so that actual patrons can't access it. true or false
True. A denial of service attack, often abbreviated as DoS, is a malicious attempt to make a network or computer resource unavailable to its intended users.
Attackers often target websites, networks, and other services by flooding them with a large amount of requests. These requests are so numerous that the server can no longer handle them, resulting in the service becoming unavailable.
This is done by either crashing the server or flooding it with so many requests that it can no longer respond to legitimate requests. By doing this, the attacker is able to deny access to the service, essentially denying its intended users the ability to use it.
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in which of the five basic supply chain activities do you build relationships with suppliers to procure raw materials? group of answer choices return plan deliver source
The activity where you build relationships with suppliers to procure raw materials is called "source" in the basic supply chain activities.
In the context of supply chain management, "source" refers to the process of identifying, selecting, and building relationships with suppliers to procure the necessary raw materials, goods, or services. This involves evaluating potential suppliers, negotiating terms and contracts, and establishing a mutually beneficial relationship.
Building strong supplier relationships is critical to ensuring a reliable supply of high-quality materials at competitive prices, as well as fostering innovation and collaboration with key partners. Effective sourcing strategies can help reduce costs, improve quality, and mitigate supply chain risks, ultimately enabling companies to deliver value to their customers and remain competitive in the marketplace.
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Review Questions
1. Explain the basic defect in the traditional net cost method for determining the cost of life insurance.
2.
A. Why is the interest-adjusted cost method a more accurate measure of the cost of life insurance?
B. Briefly describe the surrender cost index as a method for determining the cost of life insurance.
C. Briefly describe the net payment cost index as a method for determining the cost of life insurance
3. Why is the rate of return on the saving component in most cash-value policies negative during the early years of the policy?
4. Briefly explain the Linton yield as a method for determining the rate of return on the saving component of a cash-value policy.
5. Briefly explain the yearly rate-of-return method that policyholders can use to determine the rate of return on the saving component of a cash-value policy.
6. A life insurance agent suggests that you replace an existing life insurance policy with a newer one. Identify the factors that you should consider in replacing an existing life insurance policy.
7. Explain the federal income-tax treatment of a cash-value policy with respect to each of the following:
A. Payment of premiums
B. Annual dividends
C. Annual increase in the cash value
D. Payment of death proceeds to a stated beneficiary
8. Explain the federal estate-tax treatment of life insurance death proceeds.
9. Describe the suggestions that consumers should follow when life insurance is purchased.
10. The states require life insurers to disclose certain policy information to applicants for life insurance. Describe the types of information that appear on a typical disclosure statement.
1. Explain the basic defect in the traditional net cost method for determining the cost of life insurance.
2. A. Why is the interest-adjusted cost method a more accurate measure of the cost of life insurance?
B. Briefly describe the surrender cost index as a method for determining the cost of life insurance.
C. Briefly describe the net payment cost index as a method for determining the cost of life insurance
3. Why is the rate of return on the saving component in most cash-value policies negative during the early years of the policy?
4. Briefly explain the Linton yield as a method for determining the rate of return on the saving component of a cash-value policy.
5. Briefly explain the yearly rate-of-return method that policyholders can use to determine the rate of return on the saving component of a cash-value policy.
6. A life insurance agent suggests that you replace an existing life insurance policy with a newer one. Identify the factors that you should consider in replacing an existing life insurance policy.
7. Explain the federal income-tax treatment of a cash-value policy with respect to each of the following:
A. Payment of premiums
B. Annual dividends
C. Annual increase in the cash value
D. Payment of death proceeds to a stated beneficiary
8. Explain the federal estate-tax treatment of life insurance death proceeds.
9. Describe the suggestions that consumers should follow when life insurance is purchased.
10. The states require life insurers to disclose certain policy information to applicants for life insurance. Describe the types of information that appear on a typical disclosure statement.
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east coast yachts goes international what are the implications for this approach?how can the company hedge its exchange rate risk? what are the implications for this approach?
If East Coast Yachts decides to expand internationally, they will need to consider the implications of this approach. One of the main implications is the exposure to exchange rate risk. This risk arises because the company will be conducting business in foreign currencies, which can fluctuate in value compared to the US dollar.
To hedge its exchange rate risk, East Coast Yachts can use various financial instruments such as currency forwards, options, and swaps. These tools allow the company to lock in an exchange rate for a future date, reducing the uncertainty associated with foreign currency transactions. By hedging its exchange rate risk, the company can mitigate potential losses and improve its financial stability.
However, there are also implications to consider when using these hedging instruments. For example, they can be costly and require specialized expertise to manage effectively. Additionally, if the company overestimates the amount of foreign currency it will need to purchase or sells too many forward contracts, it could end up losing money if the exchange rate moves in a different direction than anticipated.
Overall, while expanding internationally can offer significant growth opportunities, East Coast Yachts must carefully consider the implications of this approach, including the risks associated with exchange rate fluctuations and the costs and complexities of hedging against them.
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Company B paid dividend in 2021 of 1,7 USD, in line with the expected dividend growth of 5% each year. Company C has announced it expects to pay a 2,1 dividend to common shareholders in 2022, and its cost of equity (CAPM) is of 8.9%. (Company´s C paid dividend in 2020 of 2). Both companies are from the automotive sector where the expected rate of return of the market is of 6%. a. Which company has the most expensive share price? b. Would you rather buy stocks of Company B or C considering that Company B stock is trading at 27 and Company C stock at 99
a. Company C has the most expensive share price.
b. I would recommend buying stocks of Company B.
To compare the companies, we'll use the Dividend Discount Model (DDM) to estimate the intrinsic value of their shares.
For Company B:
1. Calculate the expected dividend for 2022: 1.7 USD * (1 + 0.05) = 1.785 USD
2. Estimate the stock value using DDM: P = D / (r - g), where P = stock price, D = dividend, r = required rate of return, and g = growth rate.
3. Using market rate of return as r (6%), P = 1.785 / (0.06 - 0.05) = 178.5 USD.
For Company C:
1. Expected dividend for 2022: 2.1 USD
2. Estimate the stock value using DDM: P = D / (r - g), using Company C's cost of equity (CAPM) as r (8.9%).
3. Assuming the same growth rate (5%) as Company B, P = 2.1 / (0.089 - 0.05) = 50.6 USD.
Company B's intrinsic value (178.5 USD) is higher than its trading price (27 USD), making it a better investment compared to Company C with a trading price of 99 USD and an intrinsic value of 50.6 USD.
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3. Net present value methodConsider the case of Underwood Corp.:Underwood Corp. is evaluating a proposed capital budgeting project that will require an initial investment of $168,000. The project is expected to generate the following net cash flows:Year Cash FlowYear 1 $44,800Year 2 $51,700Year 3 $48,600Year 4 $47,900Assume the desired rate of return on a project of this type is 10%. What is the net present value of this project? (Note: Do not round your intermediate calculations.)a) $7,505.40b) $13,065.40c) -$15,315.21d) –$23,773.90Suppose Underwood Corp. has enough capital to fund the project, and the project is not competing for funding with other projects. Should Underwood Corp. accept or reject this project?Reject the projectAccept the project
We have that, Underwood Corp. is evaluating a proposed capital budget project that will require an initial investment of $168,000, so it should reject the project because it has a negative net present value, indicating that it will not generate a return above the desired rate of 10%.
To find the net present value (NPV) of this project, we need to discount the net cash flows for each year using the desired rate of return (10%). These are the steps to calculate the VAN:
1. Discounting Cash Flows: Divide each year's cash flow by (1 + desired rate of return)^number of years
Year 1: $44,800 / (1 + 0.10)^1
Year 2: $51,700 / (1 + 0.10)^2
Year 3: $48,600 / (1 + 0.10)^3
Year 4: $47,900 / (1 + 0.10)^4
2. Calculate the present value of the cash flow for each year:
Year 1: $40,727.27
Year 2: $42,797.52
Year 3: $35,620.47
Year 4: $32,854.63
3. Add the present values of all cash flows: $40,727.27 + $42,797.52 + $35,620.47 + $32,854.63 = $151,999.89
4. Subtract the initial investment from the sum of the present values: $151,999.89 - $168,000 = -$16,000.11
The net present value of this project is -$16,000.11, which is not among the options provided. However, based on the NPV calculated, Underwood Corp. should reject the project because it has a negative net present value, indicating that it will not generate a return above the desired rate of 10%.
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Fun With Finance is considering a new 3-year expansion project that requires an initial fixed asset investment of $5.346 million. The fixed asset will be depreciated straight-line to zero over its 3-year tax life, after which time it will have a market value of $415,800. The project requires an initial investment in net working capital of $594,000. The project is estimated to generate $4,752,000 in annual sales, with costs of $1,900,800. The tax rate is 32 percent and the required return on the project is 9 percent.
Required: (a) What is the project's year 0 net cash flow? (Click to select)
(b) What is the project's year 1 net cash flow? (Click to select)
(c) What is the project's year 2 net cash flow? (Click to select)
(d) What is the project's year 3 net cash flow? (Click to select)
(e) What is the NPV?
(a) The project's year 0 net cash flow is equal to the initial fixed asset investment plus the initial investment in net working capital, which is:
$5,346,000 + $594,000 = $5,940,000
(b) The project's year 1 net cash flow is equal to the operating cash flow minus the taxes paid, which is:
($4,752,000 - $1,900,800) × (1 - 0.32) = $1,947,264
(c) The project's year 2 net cash flow is also equal to the operating cash flow minus the taxes paid, which is:
($4,752,000 - $1,900,800) × (1 - 0.32) = $1,947,264
(d) The project's year 3 net cash flow is equal to the sum of the operating cash flow, the after-tax salvage value of the fixed asset, and the recovery of net working capital, minus the taxes paid, which is:
($4,752,000 - $1,900,800) × (1 - 0.32) + $415,800 + $594,000 - ($5,346,000 - $415,800) × 0.32 = $3,087,456
(e) The NPV of the project can be calculated by discounting the net cash flows using the required return of 9%, which is:
NPV = -$5,940,000 + $1,947,264/(1 + 0.09) + $1,947,264/(1 + 0.09)^2 + $3,087,456/(1 + 0.09)^3 = $425,830.78
Therefore, the NPV of the project is positive, indicating that it is a good investment opportunity for Fun With Finance.
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the aca requires insurers to offer the same premium to all applicants of the same age and geographic location regardless of preexisting conditions or sex. compared to insurance not written subject to these restrictions, the premiums for the aca compliant policies can be expected to be
Compared to insurance policies not written subject to these restrictions, the premiums for ACA-compliant policies can be expected to be D. Higher.
This is because the ACA or Affordable Care Act, regulations ensure that individuals with preexisting conditions or other risk factors are not charged higher premiums, which may have been the case with non-ACA-compliant policies. Insurers in the past could charge higher premiums for high-risk individuals to account for the increased costs of their healthcare needs. With the ACA's community rating system, the premiums for all individuals in a particular age and geographic group are averaged out.
As a result, healthier individuals may experience higher premiums under ACA-compliant policies than they would with non-compliant policies, as they are effectively subsidizing the costs of coverage for those with preexisting conditions. This helps ensure that everyone has access to affordable health insurance, regardless of their health status. So, while the ACA policies may lead to higher premiums for some, they create a more equitable system overall. Therefore, the correct option is D.
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the ACA requires insurers to offer the same premium to all applicants of the same age and geographic location regardless of preexisting conditions or sex. compared to insurance not written subject to these restrictions, the premiums for the ACA compliant policies can be expected to be
A. Unable to determine
B. The same
C. Lower
D. Higher
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Strategic management focuses on integrating management, ________, and information systems to achieve organizational success.
A) marketing
B) finance/accounting
C) production/operations
D) research and development
E) all of the above
Strategic management focuses on integrating management, information systems, and other key functions to achieve organizational success. In this context, the correct answer is E) all of the above.
Strategic management is a comprehensive approach that considers various aspects of an organization, such as marketing, finance/accounting, production/operations, and research and development. By incorporating these different areas, strategic management ensures that a business can effectively develop and implement its vision and goals.
Integrating management refers to the process of combining and coordinating various management functions to achieve a unified and coherent approach to managing the organization. This ensures that all departments work together towards common objectives.
Information systems play a crucial role in strategic management by providing the necessary data and tools for decision-making and analysis. They help organizations gather, analyze, and manage data to make informed decisions and achieve their objectives.
To summarize, strategic management focuses on integrating management, marketing, finance/accounting, production/operations, research and development, and information systems to achieve organizational success.
This comprehensive approach helps organizations make better decisions, maximize their resources, and ensure that all departments work together towards a common goal.
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what do economies of scale, the ownership of essential raw materials, and patents have in common? multiple choice they all help explain why a monopolist's demand and marginal revenue curves coincide. they are all barriers to entry. they all help explain why the long-run average cost curve is u-shaped. they must all be present before price discrimination can be practiced.
Economies of scale, ownership of essential raw materials, and patents can all create barriers to entry for potential competitors, making it difficult for them to enter the market and compete with established firms.
These barriers can allow a monopolist to maintain their market power and charge higher prices. Economies of scale, ownership of essential raw materials, and patents are all examples of barriers to entry, which prevent new firms from entering the market and competing with existing firms. When a monopolist faces barriers to entry, they are able to maintain their monopoly power and charge higher prices than they would in a competitive market. This is because the monopolist faces little or no competition and has the ability to control the market price. Therefore, the demand and marginal revenue curves of a monopolist coincide due to the lack of competition.
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Anne purchases a segregated fund contract for $75,000 which comes with a 75% guarantee. At the end of the contract, the market value is $55,000. How much is her guarantee and how will it be taxed?
$20,000 and it will be offset by the capital loss so no tax will be payable
$1,250 and it will be offset by the capital loss so no tax will be payable
$20,000 and it will be taxed as interest income
$1,250 and it will be taxed as interest income
This capital loss will offset her guarantee, so no tax will be payable. Therefore, the correct answer is $20,000 and it will be offset by the capital loss so no tax will be payable.
A segregated fund is an investment product offered by life insurance companies that operates similar to a mutual fund but with additional features like a death benefit and a guarantee on the amount invested. The guarantee typically ranges from 75% to 100% of the original investment amount and protects the investor from market downturns.In this case, Anne invested $75,000 in a segregated fund contract that comes with a 75% guarantee. This means that even if the market value of the fund falls, she will be guaranteed to receive at least 75% of her original investment, which is $56,250.At the end of the contract, the market value of the fund is $55,000, which is less than the guaranteed amount. Therefore, Anne is entitled to receive the guaranteed amount of $56,250, which is $20,000 more than the current market value.
The $20,000 guarantee will be taxed as interest income since it represents a return on Anne's investment that was guaranteed by the insurance company. The capital loss of $20,000 (the difference between the original investment and the market value at the end of the contract) can be used to offset other capital gains in the same year or carried forward to future years to offset future capital gains. However, it cannot be used to offset the taxable portion of the guarantee.
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a company estimates that warranty expense will be 5% of sales. the company's sales for the current period are $168,000. the current period's entry to record the warranty expense is:
The journal entry to record the warranty expense would be:
Debit Warranty Expense: $8,400 (5% of $168,000)
Credit Warranty Liability: $8,400
This entry recognizes the estimated expense associated with the warranties that the company will be obligated to honor in the future. The warranty liability account is a current liability and represents the estimated future cost of fulfilling warranty claims.
To record the warranty expense, the company should use an estimate based on historical data and other relevant factors. In this case, the company estimates that the warranty expense will be 5% of sales, so the entry to record the warranty expense for the current period would be a debit to Warranty Expense for $8,400 (5% of $168,000) and a credit to Warranty Liability for the same amount.
The entry recognizes the estimated expense associated with the warranties that the company will be obligated to honor in the future. The warranty liability account is a current liability and represents the estimated future cost of fulfilling warranty claims.
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Consider a trader with initial fund given by π0 = 15, and the transaction cost function of holding q shares of stock i is C(q) = 10 + q 2 .
The price (xi) at which this trader sells its position is stochastically distributed according to the following probability distribution: P(xi) = ( 0.5, if xi = $8 0.5, if xi = $2 Let a random variable ˜π be the profit of trading at each time t, t = 1, 2, . . . , T,
. If the trader’s utility function is given by u(˜π) = µ(˜π) − 1 9 σ(˜π), where µ(·) is the mean and σ(·) is the variance, determine the trader’s optimal level of position, and the associated equilibrium profits from liquidate the complete position.
. Consider now that the trader’s utility function is described by u(˜π) = µ(π). What is now the optimal level of position and the associated equilibrium profits?
The trader's optimal level of position is q=1, with associated equilibrium profits of $3.50. The optimal level of position for the trader with utility function u(π) = µ(π) is also q=1, with associated equilibrium profits of $3.50.
To determine the trader's optimal level of position, we need to find the value of q that maximizes their utility function u(π). For each possible price xi ($8 or $2), we calculate the profit at time t, π_t = xi * q - C(q), where C(q) = 10 + q².
Then, we calculate the expected profit µ(π) = 0.5 * (π_t when xi = $8) + 0.5 * (π_t when xi = $2), and the variance σ(π) = 0.5 * (π_t - µ(π))² for both prices. Finally, we plug µ(π) and σ(π) into the utility functions and compare their values for different q's.
For the first utility function, we find that q=1 maximizes u(π) with associated equilibrium profits of $3.50. For the second utility function, the optimal level of position remains the same at q=1, with associated equilibrium profits of $3.50.
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when a business owner calculates the floor cost of a product, he or she excludes marketing costs from the calculations.group startstrue or false
True. When calculating the floor cost of a product, business owners exclude marketing costs from the calculations.
Floor cost refers to the minimum cost required to produce or purchase a product, and it includes the direct costs of production such as raw materials, labor, and overhead expenses.
Marketing costs, on the other hand, refer to the expenses incurred to promote the product and make it available to customers. These expenses include advertising, promotions, and distribution costs. Since marketing costs are not directly related to the production of the product, they are not included in the floor cost calculation.
However, marketing costs are still important for the business as they help to create awareness and demand for the product, which in turn increases sales and revenue. Therefore, it is essential for business owners to budget and plan for marketing expenses separately from floor costs.
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what is the science and art of ensuring that goods and services are created and delivered successfully to customers? a. operations management b. supply chain management c. decision support systems d. customer relationship management e. enterprise resource planning
The science and art of ensuring that goods and services are created and delivered successfully to customers are called operations management.
thus option A is the answer.
Operations management is a discipline that spotlights the plan, the board, and the improvement of business processes engaged with the creation and conveyance of labor and products. It envelops a large number of exercises, including item configuration, stock administration, quality control, inventory network of the executives, and coordinated factors. The objective of tasks the executives is to streamline the utilization of assets, like work, materials, and gear, to create top-notch items and administrations at a lower cost and with more noteworthy proficiency. Successful tasks for the executives are basic for organizations to stay cutthroat and beneficial in the present high-speed and dynamic commercial center. It requires a mix of insightful abilities, critical thinking skills, and initiative characteristics to oversee complex cycles and guarantee consumer satisfaction.
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