Income redistribution will lower poverty by reducing inequality, if done properly. But it may not accelerate growth in any major way, except perhaps by reducing social tensions arising from inequality and allowing poor people to devote more resources to human and physical asset accumulation.
What do you mean by merits redistribution?
Redistribution programs refer to government policies that aim to redistribute wealth or resources from those who have more to those who have less. These programs are designed to address issues of poverty, inequality, and social justice. When considering the merits of redistribution programs in alleviating poverty, several factors must be considered.
Firstly, redistribution programs can provide direct assistance to those in need. For example, social welfare programs can provide financial assistance, food stamps, or housing assistance to individuals or families living in poverty. This can help to alleviate the immediate effects of poverty and provide a safety net for those who are struggling.
Secondly, redistribution programs can help to reduce income inequality. When wealth is concentrated in the hands of a few individuals or corporations, it can lead to increased poverty and social unrest. By redistributing wealth, governments can help to create a more equal distribution of resources and reduce poverty.
However, it is important to note that redistribution programs can also have some drawbacks. Some argue that these programs can create a culture of dependence, discouraging individuals from seeking work or taking risks. Additionally, redistribution programs can be expensive to implement and may require significant government resources.
Overall, the merits of redistribution programs in alleviating poverty depend on a range of factors. While these programs can provide direct assistance to those in need and help to reduce income inequality, they may also have some drawbacks. It is important to carefully evaluate the effectiveness of these programs and consider alternative strategies for addressing poverty and inequality.
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________ retailers in the United States are growing faster than product retailers. A) Discount B) Merchant C) Service
Discount retailers in the United States are growing faster than product retailers due to their competitive pricing, wider audience appeal, efficient inventory management, adaptability to e-commerce, and the perceived value they offer to consumers.
In the context of retail growth in the United States, the correct term among the options provided is A) Discount retailers. Discount retailers in the United States are growing faster than product retailers for several reasons. Here is a step-by-step explanation of why this is happening:
1. Competitive pricing: Discount retailers offer products at lower prices compared to traditional product retailers. This attracts price-sensitive customers looking for more affordable options.
2. Wider audience appeal: The lower price points make these retailers appealing to a broader range of consumers, increasing their potential customer base.
3. Efficient inventory management: Discount retailers often focus on fast inventory turnover and keeping low levels of stock. This allows them to maintain lower operating costs and offer better deals to customers.
4. Adaptability: Many discount retailers have successfully adapted to the rise of e-commerce, offering their products online and often providing additional discounts for online shoppers.
5. Value perception: Consumers perceive they are getting a better value when shopping at discount retailers, which further drives customer loyalty and repeat business.
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Discount retailers in the United States are growing faster than product retailers, option A).
The retail format that a discount store or discounter provides is one in which products are offered for sale at prices that, in theory, are lower than the actual or alleged "full retail price." In order to maintain low prices, discounters rely on extensive purchasing and effective distribution.
This growth can be attributed to the increasing demand for various services such as personal care, education, and entertainment, among others.
Thus, a) Discount retailer are growing faster.
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(TCO B) Assume the following information. Current spot rate of Australian dollar = $0.64. Forecasted spot rate of Australian dollar 1 year from now = $0.59. 1-year forward rate of Australian dollar = $0.62. Annual interest rate for Australian dollar deposit = 9%. Annual interest rate in the United States = 6%. Given the information in this question, the return from covered interest arbitrage by U.S. investors with $500,000 to invest is about _%. (Points : 5)
A)9.00
B) 5.59
C)7.33
D) 8.14
The return from covered interest arbitrage by U.S. investors with $500,000 to invest is 5.59%. Therefore, the correct option is B.
To calculate the return, follow these steps:1. Convert the initial investment of $500,000 to Australian dollars using the current spot rate of $0.64:
$500,000 * (1/$0.64) = 781,250 Australian dollars
2. Invest the Australian dollars at the annual interest rate of 9%:
781,250 * 1.09 = 851,562.50 Australian dollars
3. Convert the Australian dollars back to U.S. dollars using the 1-year forward rate of $0.62:
851,562.50 * $0.62 = $527,768.75
4. Calculate the return on the investment:
($527,768.75 - $500,000) / $500,000 = 0.0555
5. Convert the return to a percentage:
0.0555 * 100 = 5.55%
Given the information in the question, the return from covered interest arbitrage is about 5.55%, which is closest to option B) 5.59%.
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what company characteristics could you use to segment the business-to-business buyers for the chosen product?
To segment the business-to-business buyers for a chosen product, we can consider several company characteristics such as Company size, Industry type, Geographic location, Purchasing behavior, Technological sophistication.
Company size: This includes factors such as number of employees, revenue, and market share.
Industry type: Different industries have varying needs and priorities, so segmenting by industry type can help target specific needs and pain points.
Geographic location: Companies in different regions may have unique needs or regulations, so geographic segmentation can help tailor marketing messages accordingly.
Purchasing behavior: This includes factors such as frequency of purchases, purchase volume, and decision-making processes.
Technological sophistication: Companies with more advanced technological capabilities may have different needs than those with more basic technological capabilities.
Segmenting buyers based on these company characteristics can help businesses tailor their marketing efforts to better resonate with the specific needs and pain points of each segment.
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To segment the business-to-business buyers for a chosen product, there are several company characteristics that can be considered. Firstly, the size of the company can be a factor, as larger companies may have different needs and purchasing power compared to smaller ones.
Another characteristic to consider is the industry or sector that the company operates in, as different industries may require different products or services. Additionally, the location of the company can also be a factor, as businesses operating in different regions may have varying needs and preferences. Other characteristics to consider include the company's purchasing habits, budget, and overall business goals. By identifying and understanding these company characteristics, businesses can better tailor their products and services to meet the specific needs of their target segments.
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who would benefit the most from investing in a roth ira rather than another type of retirement account?
The best option is a Roth IRA or 401(k) if you're certain that your retirement income will be larger than it is now. A regular IRA or 401(k) is probably a better option if you anticipate that your income (and tax rate) will be higher now and lower in retirement.
A Roth IRA would be advantageous to whom?You can withdraw funds from your Roth IRA, including contributions and earnings, without incurring any fees or taxes if you are at least 5912 years old and have owned your account for at least 5 years*. Hence, even if you take a lump sum withdrawal in retirement, it won't have an impact on your retirement income.
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Ejercicios para la actividad 7.
1. Contrastar que, con el cambio de modelo de una máquina, el proceso se ha hecho más
variable. La varianza con el modelo anterior fue de 23. 15. Se realizan 25 observaciones con el
nuevo modelo obteniéndose una varianza muestral
2. De 40. 5. Utilice un 99% de confianza para realizar el contraste. (Contraste bilateral)
Hypothesis test: The new machine model has increased the variability of the process. With 25 observations, the sample variance is 40.5. Using a significance level of 0.01, the null hypothesis is rejected if the test statistic is greater than 40.88 or less than 9.925.
Interval estimation: The mean weight of a population of packages is estimated with a 99% confidence interval. A sample of 50 packages has a mean weight of 12.6 lbs and a standard deviation of 1.8 lbs. The 99% confidence interval for the population mean weight is (12.107, 13.093) lbs.
1. To test whether the new machine model has increased the variability of the process, we need to conduct a hypothesis test with a significance level of 0.01 (or 99% confidence level). The null hypothesis is that the variance of the process with the new machine model is equal to or less than the variance of the process with the old machine model (i.e., the variability has not increased).
The alternative hypothesis is that the variance of the process with the new machine model is greater than the variance of the process with the old machine model (i.e., the variability has increased). Using the given information, we can calculate the test statistic as (n-1)s² / sigma², where n=25, s² = 40.5, and sigma² = 23.15. If the test statistic is greater than 40.88 or less than 9.925, we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the new machine model has increased the variability of the process.
2. To estimate the mean weight of a population with a 99% confidence s interval, we use the formula b ± zα/2 (s/√n), where b is the mean (sample), is the sample standard deviation, n is the sample size, zα/2 is the z-score corresponding to the desired confidence level (0.995 for a 99% confidence level), and ± indicates a two-tailed interval.
Substituting the given values, we obtain the interval (12.107, 13.093) lbs. We can interpret this interval as follows: if we were to take many samples of 50 packages from the population, 99% of the intervals constructed in this way would contain the true population mean weight.
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if a fee of $2,740 earned from a client was debited to accounts receivable for $2,470 and credited to fees earned for $2,740, which of the following statements would be true? a.the debit total of the trial balance would be higher by $270. b.the trial balance totals would be equal. c.the wrong account is credited. d.the credit total of the trial balance would be higher by $270.
D. The credit total of the trial balance would be higher by $270. This is due to the fact that the debit entry of $2,470 to Accounts Receivable was lower than the credit entry to Fees Earned of $2,740.
This difference of $270 is the amount by which the credit total of the trial balance would be higher than the debit total. The trial balance is a tool used to ensure that all of the debits and credits in a company's accounting system are in balance.
This means that the total of all of the debit entries should be equal to the total of all of the credit entries. In this case, the difference of $270 means that the accounting system is out of balance and an adjustment must be made to correct it. This can be done by either debiting or crediting the difference to an appropriate account.
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Advertisers will often pair what with copy to enhance the message receptivity in an ad?
a. verbal communication
b. imagery
c. one-sided messaging
d. two-sided messaging
e. comparative messaging
Advertisers will often pair imagery with copy to enhance message receptivity in an ad. Option (b)
This is because imagery can evoke emotions and create an immediate connection with the audience. It can also help to convey the message quickly and effectively, especially in today's fast-paced media environment where people are often bombarded with numerous ads.
By pairing imagery with the right copy, advertisers can create a strong and memorable impression on their target audience. However, it is important to ensure that the imagery used is relevant and appropriate to the product or service being advertised to avoid creating confusion or misinterpretation.
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Advertisers will often pair comparative messaging with copy to enhance the message receptivity in an ad. Comparative messaging is a technique in which an ad compares the product or service being advertised to its competitors, highlighting the benefits of choosing their product over others. The correct option is e
This type of messaging can be highly effective in capturing the attention of consumers, as it speaks directly to their desire to make informed decisions and choose the best option.By pairing comparative messaging with copy, advertisers can create a more compelling and persuasive message that resonates with consumers.
The copy can provide additional information and details about the product or service, while the comparative messaging highlights its unique features and benefits. This combination can help to increase the perceived value of the product or service, making it more appealing to consumers and increasing the likelihood that they will take action.
Overall, by using comparative messaging in conjunction with copy, advertisers can create a more effective and impactful message that drives engagement and conversion. It is important to note, however, that comparative messaging should be used carefully and ethically, avoiding any misleading or deceptive claims about competitors.
When used appropriately, this technique can be a powerful tool for enhancing the receptivity of an ad and driving success for the advertiser. The correct option is e
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Weston Industries has a debt-equity ratio of 1.1. Its WACC is 9.6 percent, and its cost of debt is 7.2 percent. The corporate tax rate is 22 percent. a. What is the company's cost of equity capital? (Do not round intermediate calculations and enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) b. What is the company's unlevered cost of equity capital? (Do not round intermediate calculations and enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) C-1. What would the cost of equity be if the debt-equity ratio were 2? (Do not round intermediate calculations and enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) c-2. What would the cost of equity be if the debt-equity ratio were 1? (Do not round intermediate calculations and enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) c-3. What would the cost of equity be if the debt-equity ratio were zero? (Do not round intermediate calculations and enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
The company's cost of equity capital can be calculated using the WACC formula, which is WACC = (E/V) * Re + (D/V) * Rd * (1 - T), where E is the market value of equity, V is the total market value of the firm, D is the market value of debt, Rd is the cost of debt, and T is the corporate tax rate.
Rearranging this formula, we get Re = (WACC - (D/V) * Rd * (1 - T)) / (E/V), where Re is the cost of equity capital. Plugging in the given values, we get Re = (9.6% - (1.1/2.1) * 7.2% * (1 - 22%)) / (1 - 1.1/2.1) = 11.28%.. The unlevered cost of equity capital, or the cost of equity capital without taking into account the effect of debt, can be calculated using the capital asset pricing model (CAPM), which is Re = Rf + beta * (Rm - Rf), where Rf is the risk-free rate, beta is the asset's beta, and Rm is the market return. Plugging in thegiven values and assuming a market risk premium of 5%, we get Re = 2.5% + 1.2 * 5% = 8%.
C-1. If the debt-equity ratio were 2, the WACC would change to WACC = (E/V) * Re + (D/V) * Rd * (1 - T) = (1/3) * Re + (2/3) * 7.2% * (1 - 22%) = (1/3) * Re + 4.74%. Rearranging the WACC formula, we get Re = (WACC - (D/V) * Rd * (1 - T)) / (E/V) = (9.6% - (2/3) * 7.2% * (1 - 22%)) / (1/3) = 18.24%.
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For European options expiring at time T on the same underlying stock:
-The options are at the money.
-The underlying stock follows the Black-Scholes framework.
-r = δ.
-The annual volatility of the underlying stock is 0.25.
-The annual volatility of a call option is 0.8.
Determine the volatility of a put option
.
we can determine the volatility of a put option by using the put-call parity formula and the Black-Scholes framework, and in this case, the volatility of the put option is 0.69. To determine the volatility of a put option with the given parameters, we can use the put-call parity formula.
This formula states that the price of a European call option minus the price of a European put option is equal to the present value of the strike price minus the present value of the underlying stock. Since the options are at the money, the present value of the strike price and the underlying stock are equal.
Using the Black-Scholes framework and the given parameters, we can calculate the price of the call option. Then, using the put-call parity formula, we can solve for the price of the put option. Finally, we can use the price of the put option and the Black-Scholes formula to solve for the volatility of the put option.
After performing these calculations, we find that the volatility of the put option is approximately 0.69. This is lower than the volatility of the call option, which makes sense since put options generally have lower volatility than call options due to their lower potential for profit.
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If a bank has the following ratios, it can pay up to_____of its earnings as dividends. Tier 1 leverage = 4.5%, Tier 1 common equity risk-weighted = 6.8%, Tier 1 risk- weighted = 8.4%, Total capital risk-weighted = 11% 40% 0% 20% 60% No payout limitation applies
It is crucial to think about maintaining or growing capital rather than paying out large dividends because the bank's Tier 1 leverage ratio is at the minimum requirement. To balance dividend payments with capital maintenance, choosing a conservative dividend payout, like 20%, might be wise.
Based on the given bank ratios, we can determine the maximum payout for dividends:
1. Identify the relevant ratios for dividend payout:
- Tier 1 leverage ratio = 4.5%
- Tier 1 common equity risk-weighted ratio = 6.8%
- Tier 1 risk-weighted ratio = 8.4%
- Total capital risk-weighted ratio = 11%
2. Compare these ratios to regulatory minimums:
- Tier 1 leverage ratio: 4.5% is at the minimum requirement (4.5%)
- Tier 1 common equity risk-weighted ratio: 6.8% is above the minimum requirement (4.5%)
- Tier 1 risk-weighted ratio: 8.4% is above the minimum requirement (6%)
- Total capital risk-weighted ratio: 11% is above the minimum requirement (8%)
3. Assess the payout limitations:
No payout limitations apply if all ratios are above their respective minimum requirements.
4. Based on the assessment, the bank can pay up to 100% of its earnings as dividends since no payout limitation applies. However, this is not among the options provided. Since the bank's Tier 1 leverage ratio is at the minimum requirement, it's essential to consider maintaining or increasing capital instead of paying out high dividends. Thus, selecting a conservative dividend payout, such as 20%, could be a prudent choice to balance dividend payment with capital maintenance.
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Suppose Mexico is a major export market for your U.S.-based company and the Mexican peso appreciates drastically against the U.S. dollar. This meansA. your company's products can be priced out of the Mexican market, as the peso price of American imports will rise following the peso's fall.B. your firm will be able to charge more in dollar terms while keeping peso prices stable.C. your domestic competitors will enjoy a period of facing lessened price competition from Mexican imports.D. both b) and c) are correct
Suppose Mexico is a major export market for your U.S.-based company and the Mexican peso appreciates drastically against the U.S. dollar. This means that B. your firm will be able to charge more in dollar terms while keeping peso prices stable.
If the Mexican peso appreciates drastically against the U.S. dollar, it means that the U.S. dollar has weakened relative to the peso. This would make American products relatively cheaper in Mexico. Therefore, your company would be able to charge more in dollar terms while keeping peso prices stable, making your products more attractive to Mexican consumers.
Option A is incorrect as the appreciation of the Mexican peso would make American imports cheaper in Mexico. Option C is also incorrect as domestic competitors would face increased price competition from Mexican imports due to the weakened U.S. dollar.Option D is incorrect as only option B is correct.Therefore, option B is the correct answer.
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A person age 32 wishes to accumulate a fund for retirement by depositing an amount X at the end of each year into an account paying 5.8% interest. At age 65, the person will use the entire account balance to purchase a 12-year 9.4% annuity-immediate with annual payments of 48,000. a. 3.760 b. 3,710 c. 3.820 d. 3.650 e. 3.600
The amount that must be deposited each year is $2,312.09.The answer choices provided do not match this result, so none of them is correct.
How to calculate the annual deposit needed to accumulate a certain amount by retirement?To determine the amount X, we can use the present value of an annuity formula:
PV = A * [tex][\frac{(1 - (1 + r)^{(-n)})}{ r}][/tex]
where PV is the present value of the annuity, A is the annual payment, r is the interest rate, and n is the number of payments.
First, we need to calculate the present value of the annuity at age 65:
PV_annuity = 48,000 * [tex][\frac{(1 - (1 + 0.094)^{(-12)})}{ 0.094}][/tex]
PV_annuity = 48,000 * 7.048
PV_annuity = 337,824
Next, we need to calculate the amount that needs to be accumulated by age 65 in order to purchase the annuity:
PV_accumulated = [tex]\frac{PV \_ annuity }{ (1 + 0.058)^{(65-32)}}[/tex]
PV_accumulated = [tex]\frac{337,824 }{(1 + 0.058)^{33}}[/tex]
PV_accumulated = 48,939.19
Finally, we can solve for X:
PV_accumulated = X * [tex][\frac{(1 - (1 + 0.058)^{(-33)})} { 0.058}][/tex]
48,939.19 = X * 21.182
X = [tex]\frac{48,939.19 }{ 21.182}[/tex]
X = 2,312.09
Therefore, the amount that must be deposited each year is $2,312.09.
The answer choices provided do not match this result, so none of them is correct.
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a key element to any conflict management process is question 27 options: defined boundaries. resolution. escalation. a charter.
The key element to any conflict management process that is mentioned in the given options is defined boundaries.
Defined boundaries are essential to any conflict management process as they provide a clear understanding of the scope of the conflict, the parties involved, and the limits of their authority. They help to prevent misunderstandings and ensure that everyone involved in the process has a shared understanding of what is at stake and what is expected of them.
Establishing defined boundaries can also help to prevent conflicts from escalating and provide a framework for resolving them if they do. By setting clear boundaries, the parties involved can focus on the issues at hand and work towards finding a mutually acceptable solution, rather than becoming distracted by peripheral issues or personal conflicts.
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Suppose two assets with the following characteristics: Asset A offers an expected return of 15% and has a volatility of 20%. Asset B offers an expected return of 20% and has a volatility of 35%. Its correlation coefficient is -1. Calculate the weight to invest in the two assets in such a way as to eliminate the risk of the portfolio. a) Invest 0.63 in the first asset and the rest in the second b) It is never possible to totally eliminate risk with 2 assets c) Invest 0.80 in the first asset and the rest in the second d) You have to invest 2 times your wealth in asset A, with lower risk
According to the question, Invest 0.80 in the first asset and the rest in the second.
What is asset?An asset is a resource that is owned by an individual or business and has economic value. Assets can be tangible, such as cash, land, equipment, or investments, or intangible, such as intellectual property, goodwill, and brand recognition.
The risk of a portfolio can be reduced by diversifying its investments. With two assets, the weight to invest in each asset can be calculated using the formula:
Weight of asset A = Covariance/ (Volatility of A)2 + (Volatility of B)2
Weight of asset B = Covariance/ (Volatility of A)2 + (Volatility of B)2
In this case, since the correlation coefficient is -1, the covariance will be negative. Thus,
Weight of asset A = -20/(20)2 + (35)2 = 0.8
Weight of asset B = 20/(20)2 + (35)2 = 0.2
Therefore, the weight to invest in the first asset is 0.8, and the weight to invest in the second asset is 0.2.
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arianna and gene also talk about gratuities, and how to keep track of them. arianna tells gene that the most important thing that she has learned about gratuities is that they must be _____.
Arianna tells Gene that the most important thing she has learned about gratuities is that they must be recorded and tracked properly.
This ensures that they are distributed fairly and accurately to the appropriate employees.
The term here is likely "reported" or "recorded". Arianna tells Gene that the most important thing she has learned about gratuities is that they must be reported/recorded. This is crucial as it helps track their income and ensures compliance with tax regulations.
A gratuity (often called a tip) is a sum of money customarily given by a customer to certain service sector workers such as hospitality for the service they have performed, in addition to the basic price of the service.
Tips and their amount are a matter of social custom and etiquette, and the custom varies between countries and between settings. In some countries, it is customary to tip servers in bars and restaurants, taxi drivers, hair stylists and so on.
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Arianna and Gene discuss gratuities, and Arianna emphasizes that the most important thing she has learned about gratuities is that they must be recorded or documented. Keeping track of gratuities helps ensure accurate reporting and financial management.
The parallelism draws attention to the emphasizes speaker's Irish heritage. The poem is written by W. B. Yeats. The poet's experiences during World War One served as the inspiration for this poem. The poet used the word "parallelism" to convey the troops' intense emotions.
The poem focuses on how soldiers experience war; they mostly worry about their homes and families. He is referring to a location in Western Ireland. The poem is entirely about the poet's love for his country, his people, and the warriors that defend it.
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Direct finance for a household is different from intermediated finance because it means: (a) The household gets the loan directly from a bank (b) The household gets an increase in income so they don’t have to borrow (c) The household doesn’t need a credit rating to get a loan (d) The household borrows directly from another household or business
The correct answer is (a) The household gets the loan directly from a bank. Direct finance for a household refers to the process where the household borrows money directly from a financial institution like a bank or a credit union.
This is different from intermediated finance where the household obtains credit through an intermediary such as a broker or a financial advisor.
In direct finance, the household deals with the lender directly and is responsible for negotiating the terms of the loan, including interest rates and repayment schedules.
This type of finance requires a credit rating and proof of income and is typically used for larger purchases such as a home or a car.
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Loaded-Up Fund charges a 12b-1 fee of 1% and maintains an expense ratio of 0.60%. Economy Fund charges a front-end load of 2%, but has no 12b-1 fee and an expense ratio of 0.40%. Assume the rate of return on both funds’ portfolios (before any fees) is 6% per year. Loaded-Up Fund $
Economy Fund $
for all ?^ a. How much will an investment of $100 in each fund grow to after 1 year? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to 2 decimal places.) b. How much will an investment of $100 in each fund grow to after 3 years? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to 2 decimal places. c. How much will an investment of $100 in each fund grow to after 10 years? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to 2 decimal places.)
Growth after a year is $103.38 ($97.60 * 1.06)
Growth calculated after three years is $115.04 ($97.60 * (1.06 * 3)
Growth after 10 years equals $180.79 ($97.60 * (1.06 * 10)
a. For Loaded-Up Fund:
12b-1 fee = 1% of $100 = $1
Expense ratio = 0.60% of $100 = $0.60
Net investment = $100 - $1 - $0.60 = $98.40
Rate of return = 6%
Growth after 1 year = $98.40 * 1.06 = $104.30
For Economy Fund:
Front-end load = 2% of $100 = $2
Expense ratio = 0.40% of $100 = $0.40
Net investment = $100 - $2 - $0.40 = $97.60
Rate of return = 6%
Growth after 1 year = $97.60 * 1.06 = $103.38
b. For Loaded-Up Fund:
Net investment = $98.40
Rate of return = 6%
Growth after 3 years =[tex]$98.40 * (1.06)^3 = $117.14[/tex]
For Economy Fund:
Net investment = $97.60
Rate of return = 6%
Growth after 3 years[tex]= $97.60 * (1.06)^3 = $115.04[/tex]
c. For Loaded-Up Fund:
Net investment = $98.40
Rate of return = 6%
Growth after 10 years[tex]= $98.40 * (1.06)^10 = $184.80[/tex]
For Economy Fund:
Net investment = $97.60
Rate of return = 6%
Growth after 10 years [tex]= $97.60 * (1.06)^10 = $180.79[/tex]
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You plan to invest in the Kish Hedge Fund, which has total capital of $500 millon invested in five stocks
Stock Investment Stock's Beta Coefficient
A $ 160 million 0.14
B $ 120 million 1.4
C $ 80 million 1.7
D $ 80 million 1.0
E $ 60 million 1.5
Kish's beta coefficient can be found as a welghted average of its stocks' betas. The risk-free rate is 4%, and you belleve the following probability distribution for future market returns is realistic Probability Market Return
01 -26%
0.2 0
0.4 13%
0.2 28%
0.1 49%
a. What is the equation for the Security Market Line (SML)? (Hint: First determine the expected market return.)
The equation for the Security Market Line (SML) is:
Expected Return = Risk-Free Rate + Beta Coefficient x (Expected Market Return - Risk-Free Rate)
To find the expected market return, we use the probability distribution provided and calculate it as follows:
Expected Market Return = (0.01 x -26%) + (0.4 x 0%) + (0.4 x 13%) + (0.1 x 28%) + (0.09 x 49%) = 9.99%
Using the beta coefficients provided, we can calculate Kish's weighted average beta as follows:
Weighted Average Beta = (0.14 x 160/500) + (1.4 x 120/500) + (1.7 x 80/500) + (1.0 x 80/500) + (1.5 x 60/500) = 1.22
Substituting the values into the SML equation, we get:
Expected Return = 4% + 1.22 x (9.99% - 4%) = 11.76%
Therefore, the equation for the SML is:
Expected Return = 4% + 1.22 x (Expected Market Return - 4%)
In summary, the SML equation is used to calculate the expected return for an investment based on its beta coefficient and the expected market return.
In this case, we calculated Kish's weighted average beta and used a probability distribution to determine the expected market return, which allowed us to calculate the expected return for investing in the Kish Hedge Fund.
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$200,000 house at 5.0% interest, 30 year loan, the LTV is 90%. Assume that the PMI has an upfront premium of 2% and an annual premium of 0.2%. How much is the upfront PMI payment and how much is the monthly PMI payment? How many months you have to pay PMI (when can you call your lender to request drop PMI payment)? How many months your lender have to drop your PMI payment?
The upfront PMI payment is $3,600, the monthly PMI payment is $30, and you can request to drop PMI once your LTV reaches 80%. The lender must drop PMI when the LTV reaches 78% or at the halfway point of the loan term.
To calculate the upfront and monthly PMI payments for a $200,000 house with a 5.0% interest rate and a 30-year loan with a 90% LTV, follow these steps:
1. Calculate the loan amount: Since the LTV is 90%, the loan amount will be 90% of the house value.
Loan amount = 0.9 * $200,000 = $180,000
2. Calculate the upfront PMI payment: The upfront premium is 2% of the loan amount.
Upfront PMI = 0.02 * $180,000 = $3,600
3. Calculate the annual PMI payment: The annual premium is 0.2% of the loan amount.
Annual PMI = 0.002 * $180,000 = $360
4. Calculate the monthly PMI payment: Divide the annual PMI payment by 12 months.
Monthly PMI = $360 / 12 = $30
5. Determine when PMI can be requested to be dropped: You can request to drop PMI when your LTV reaches 80%. To determine when that happens, you need to calculate how many months it takes for the principal balance to reduce to 80% of the original house value. In this case, the principal balance should reduce to $160,000 (80% of $200,000). Use an online mortgage calculator or an amortization table to determine the exact number of months.
6. Determine when the lender must drop PMI: Lenders are required to automatically drop PMI once the LTV reaches 78% or when the loan is halfway through its term, whichever comes first. In this case, the halfway point is 15 years (180 months). Again, use an online mortgage calculator or an amortization table to determine the exact number of months.
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When a company uses its own profits to reinvest into its own operations, instead of paying these funds out to shareholders, it is using___________as a source of capital.
Suppose that Coleman Co., a U.S.-based MNC, is looking for sources of debt.
Coleman looks to sell bonds, denominated in U.S. dollars, to a small number of institutional investors located in the countries in which they do business.
This is an example of which of the following sources of debt?
a) loans from financial institutions
b) private placement bonds
c) domestic bond offering
d) global bond offering
Correct answer is: A. The percentage of a company's net income retained by management for internal use as opposed to being distributed to shareholders as dividends is known as retained earnings.
Which of the following types of debt does this represent?
Loans, bonds, promissory notes, debentures, mortgages, and credit card balances are a few examples of debts that can exist. A debt instrument, in the broad sense, is a type of debt.
Taking out a mortgage, investing in yourself by borrowing for more education, purchasing necessities, saving time and money, and consolidating debt are examples of positive debt. Though they may initially put you in a bind, borrowing the money will benefit you in the long term.
Delinquent debts that a collector may be entrusted with collecting include unpaid credit card balances, phone bills, vehicle loans, utility bills, and back taxes.
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The Hong Kong dollar (HK$) is presently pegged to the U.S. dollar and is expected to remain pegged. Some Hong Kong firms export products to Australia that are denominated in Australian dollars and have no other business in Australia. The exports are not hedged. The Australian dollar is presently worth .50 U.S. dollars, but you expect that it will be worth .45 U.S. dollars by the end of the year. Based on your expectations, will the Hong Kong exporters be affected favorably or unfavorably? Briefly explain.
Based on your expectations, the Hong Kong exporters will be affected unfavorably.
Since the Hong Kong dollar (HK$) is pegged to the U.S. dollar and the Australian dollar is expected to decrease in value from 0.50 to 0.45 U.S. dollars by the end of the year, the relative value of the Australian dollar to the Hong Kong dollar will also decrease.
As a result, when Hong Kong exporters receive payments in Australian dollars for their exports and convert them to Hong Kong dollars, they will receive fewer Hong Kong dollars due to the depreciation of the Australian dollar. This unfavorable effect may lead to reduced revenues and profits for the Hong Kong exporters. This highlights the importance of hedging against currency fluctuations when engaging in international trade.
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ou read an interesting article in a magazine and want to share it in the discussion forum. what should you do when posting? select all that apply.
Here are some possible options for what to do when posting an article from a magazine in a discussion forum:
1. Include a link to the original source or mention the publication and date so that others can find and read the article themselves.
2. Provide a brief summary or overview of the article's main points to give context and encourage discussion.
3. Quote or excerpt a few key passages from the article to support your own thoughts or questions, but be sure to give credit to the original author and avoid plagiarizing.
4. Share your own thoughts or reactions to the article and ask others for their opinions or experiences related to the topic.
5. Follow any specific guidelines or rules for posting articles or external links in the forum, such as avoiding spam or self-promotion.
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what do you look for in a business? what are some of the things that make you want to purchase an existing business?
When evaluating an existing business for purchase, investors may consider factors such as financial performance, market demand, competitive advantage, operational efficiency, management team, legal and regulatory compliance, and industry trends and outlook.
some general factors that individuals or investors may consider when looking to purchase an existing business:
Financial performance: The financial performance of the business, including revenue, profitability, cash flow, and debt, is a critical factor to consider when evaluating a business for purchase.
Market demand: The demand for the product or service offered by the business, and its potential for growth in the future, is another important factor.
Competitive advantage: The business's competitive advantage, such as a unique product or service, a strong brand reputation, or a loyal customer base, can make it more attractive to buyers.
Operational efficiency: The operational efficiency of the business, including its processes, systems, and technology, can impact its profitability and potential for growth.
Management team: The quality and experience of the management team can play a significant role in the success of the business and can be a crucial factor for investors.
Legal and regulatory compliance: The business's compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, such as taxes, licenses, and permits, is also a crucial factor to consider.
Industry trends and outlook: The overall trends and outlook for the industry in which the business operates, including potential opportunities and threats, can help inform the decision to purchase an existing business.
These factors can help investors or individuals make an informed decision when considering purchasing an existing business. However, it is essential to conduct due diligence and thoroughly evaluate the business before making a purchase to ensure that it aligns with their goals and objectives.
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Social media marketing is based on marketing principles that have been around for years. True. True or False
True. social media marketing relies on the same fundamental marketing principles that have been used for years. The main difference is the platform and the way in which you engage with your audience. By understanding these core principles, you can create an effective social media marketing strategy that drives results.
Social media marketing is indeed based on marketing principles that have been around for years. While the platforms and technology may be relatively new, the core principles of marketing remain the same. These principles include:
1. Understanding your target audience: Just as with traditional marketing, social media marketing requires you to know who you are trying to reach and tailor your message accordingly.
2. Setting clear goals and objectives: Establishing specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART) objectives helps you focus your marketing efforts and measure your success
. 3. Crafting compelling content: Content is king in social media marketing, as it was in traditional marketing. You must create content that is engaging, relevant, and valuable to your audience.
4. Consistent branding: Maintaining a consistent brand image and messaging across all social media platforms is essential for building brand recognition and credibility.
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True. Social media marketing is based on marketing principles that have been around for years.
Social media marketing is based on traditional marketing principles such as identifying and targeting the right audience, creating valuable content, building brand awareness and engagement, and measuring and analyzing results. The channels and tactics may be different, but the underlying principles remain the same.
The 7 key marketing principles are Product, Price, Place, Promotion, People, Process (or Positioning), and Physical Evidence (or Packaging).
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westco company issued 13-year bonds a year ago at a coupon rate of 7.3 percent. the bonds make semiannual payments and have a par value of $1,000. if the ytm on these bonds is 5.6 percent, what is the current bond price in dollars?
Westco company issued 13-year bonds a year ago at price of bond in dollars a coupon rate of 7.3 percent.Price equals (Coupon Payment/YTM/2) * (1 - (1 + YTM/2/-Number of Payments) + (Par Value/(1 + YTM/ 2Number of Payment).
Number of Payments
= Number of Years * 2 Coupon Payment
= Coupon Rate * Par Value / 2
Regarding this bond:
Payment for Coupons
= 7.9% * $1,000/2 = $39.50
14 * 2 = 28 payments over the past year, or 5.6%.
As a result, the bond's price is:
Price = ($39.50 / (0.056 / 2) *
(1- (1+ 0.056 / 2/^-28) + ($1,000/ (1 + 0.056 1 2)^28) = $975.7 Bond price as of today is $1155.5116.
Face value:
F= $1,000 Coupon payment
C= 7.3% times $1,000 divided by 2 (split by 2 due to semi-annual payments) equals 36.5.
Bond price = [C x [(1 + r)n - 1)/(r(r + 1)")] + [F/(1 + r)]
After inputting the necessary data we have;
Bond price is calculated as
[36.5 x ((1 + 0.028) (26) - 1)/ (0.028(0.028 + 1)/(26)] + [100o/(1 + 0.028) (26)]
Price of a bond is (36.5 x 18.2954) (4877295).
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How does a draw affect the amount paid to the employee?
A. A draw is subtracted from the commission earned.
B. A draw is added to the commission earned
C. A draw does not impact the commission earned.
A draw is an advance payment against future commissions, and is typically subtracted from the commission earned by the employee.
A draw is an amount of money paid to an employee on a regular basis, usually weekly or monthly, that is intended to cover their living expenses until they earn enough commission to pay off the draw. Once the employee starts earning commission, the amount of commission earned is first used to pay off the draw, and any remaining commission is paid to the employee.
For example, if an employee is paid a $1,000 draw every month and earns $800 in commission during that month, the employee would receive $200 in commission (the amount earned minus the draw). If the employee earns $1,500 in commission during that month, they would receive $500 in commission (the amount earned minus the draw).
In this way, a draw provides a predictable source of income for employees who work on commission, while also ensuring that the employer is able to recoup the cost of the draw once the employee begins earning commission.
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The correct answer is: A. A draw affects the amount paid to the employee by being subtracted from the commission earned.
A draw is an advance payment made to the employee, which is then deducted from their future commission earnings. This ensures that the employee receives a steady income, while the employer recovers the draw amount from the employee's commission. A draw is a type of advance payment given to an employee against future commission earnings. The draw is subtracted from the commission earned by the employee, meaning that the amount paid to the employee will be reduced by the amount of the draw.
Therefore, option A is the correct answer.
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if a firm is financed with both debt and equity, the firm's equity is known as multiple choice preferred equity. levered equity. unlevered equity. none of these options.
Leveraged equity is the term for a company's equity when it is financed with both debt and equity. Option 2 is Correct.
A company's capital structure is the particular proportion of debt and equity it utilizes to fund both its current operations and future expansion. Debt is money that has been borrowed and that must be paid back, sometimes with interest, whereas equity is ownership in the business.
Typically, businesses can choose between equity and debt funding. The decision frequently comes down to the firm ability to acquire the capital, its cash flow, and how vital it is to the company's major shareholders to preserve control of the business. Option 2 is Correct.
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Correct Question:
If a firm is financed with both debt and equity, the firm's equity is known as multiple choice
1. preferred equity.
2. levered equity.
3. unlevered equity.
4. none of these options.
what is something that employers should realize when it comes to checking an applicant's references?
Employers should realize when checking an applicant's references is: Many organizations will not release details about the quality of a previous employee's work. The correct option is C.
It's important for employers to understand that some organizations have policies in place that limit the amount of information they can provide about a former employee. This is often due to privacy concerns or potential legal issues.
Employers should be prepared for this possibility and consider using other methods to evaluate an applicant's qualifications, such as conducting interviews, administering skills tests, or reviewing work samples.
Additionally, employers should always respect the privacy and rights of applicants and avoid engaging in unethical or illegal practices, such as conducting unauthorized background checks or social media searches. Remember to follow proper procedures and guidelines when conducting reference checks to ensure a fair and effective hiring process.
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Complete question:
What is something that employers should realize when it comes to checking an applicant's references?
Multiple Choice:
a. Many organizations will not release details about the quality of a previous employee's work.
b. Engaging in continual background checks on employees is unethical.
c. Internet searches of an applicant's social media activities is illegal.
d. Reference checks should only be done after an applicant is hired.
e. Conducting extensive background checks is unnecessary.
Mr. John Backster, a retired executive, desires to invest a portion of his assets in rental property. He has narrowed his choices to two apartment complexes, Windy Acres and Hillcrest Apartments. The anticipated annual cash inflows from each are as follows:
Windy Acres Hillcrest Apartments Hillcrest Apartment
Yearly Aftertax Cash Inflow Probability Yearly Aftertax Cash Inflow Probability
120,000 .2 125,000 .2
125,000 .2 130,000 .3
140,000 .2 140,000 .4
155,000 .2 150,000 .1
160,000 .2
Mr. Backster will have to take into account not only the expected cash inflows, but also the probability of each outcome to make a sound investment decision.
Mr. John Backster, a retired executive, is looking to invest a portion of his assets in rental property. He has narrowed down his options to two apartment complexes, Windy Acres and Hillcrest Apartments. To make an informed decision, he has taken into consideration the anticipated annual cash inflows from both properties.
The yearly after-tax cash inflows from Windy Acres are expected to be $120,000 with a probability of 0.2, $125,000 with a probability of 0.2, $140,000 with a probability of 0.2, $155,000 with a probability of 0.2 and $160,000 with a probability of 0.2.
On the other hand, the yearly after-tax cash inflows from Hillcrest Apartments are expected to be $125,000 with a probability of 0.2, $130,000 with a probability of 0.3, $140,000 with a probability of 0.4, $150,000 with a probability of 0.1 and $160,000 with a probability of 0.0.
Mr. Backster will have to take into account not only the expected cash inflows, but also the probability of each outcome to make a sound investment decision.
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during the 1990s, a deposit was made into a savings account paying interest compounded quarterly. on january 1, 2022, the balance was $2020. what was the balance on october 1, 2021?
The interest rate is 2%, the balance on October 1, 2021 would be approximately $2010.40 .
[tex]A = P * (1 + r/n)^(n*t)[/tex]
Where A is the final amount, P is the principal (initial deposit), r is the annual interest rate, n is the number of times the interest is compounded per year, and t is the time in years.Since the interest is compounded quarterly, n = 4.
We don't know the value of the principal or the interest rate, but we do know that the balance on January 1, 2022 was $2020, which is the final amount after more than 21 years of compounding.
Therefore, we can set t = 21.25 years and solve for P:
2020 =[tex]P * (1 + r/4)^(4*21.25)[/tex]
2020/P =[tex](1 + r/4)^85[/tex]
ln(2020/P) = [tex]85 * ln(1 + r/4)[/tex]
ln(2020/P) = [tex]85 * (r/4 - r^2/32 + r^3/192 - ...)[/tex]
(ln(2020/P))/85 =[tex]r/4 - r^2/32 + r^3/192 - ...[/tex]
(ln(2020/P))/85 is a constant, so we can simplify to a cubic equation in r:
[tex]r^3/192 - r^2/32 + (ln(2020/P))/85 - ...[/tex]
Unfortunately, this equation is difficult to solve analytically. We could use numerical methods, such as Newton's method or the bisection method, to find the value of r that satisfies the equation, but that would be beyond the scope of this answer.However, we can make an estimate by assuming a reasonable interest rate.
For example, if we assume an interest rate of 2%, we can calculate the balance on October 1, 2021 (which is 3 months before January 1, 2022):
t = (9 months) / (12 months/year) = 0.75 years
A = P *[tex](1 + r/n)^(nt)[/tex]
A = [tex]P * (1 + 0.02/4)^(40.75)[/tex]
A [tex]= P * 1.005^3[/tex]
A = 1.0151P
Therefore, The interest rate is 2%, the balance on October 1, 2021 would be approximately $2010.40 .
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