Effective boundaries and constraints c. minimize improper and unethical conduct.
An activity that someone exhibits that is contrary to how that person would normally conduct in such circumstances is referred to as unethical conduct. Organizations can reduce inappropriate and unethical conduct by establishing clear norms for behaviour and decision-making with the aid of effective limits and restrictions. Codes of conduct, ethical standards, compliance rules, and legal requirements are a few examples of these restraints and limitations.
Organizations may cultivate a culture of ethical behavior and lower the likelihood of misbehavior or infractions by establishing these clear standards and restrictions. While restrictions and limitations may increase administrative work, they can eventually aid in ensuring the organisation's long-term success and viability.
Complete Question:
Effective boundaries and constraints
a. tend to inhibit efficiency and effectiveness.
b. distract employees who are trying to focus on organizational priorities.
c. minimize improper and unethical conduct.
d. tend to limit organizational growth.
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Airline A’s demand curve is P(Q) = 120 – 0.2Q where Q stands for the airline’s output in number of seats. Assume all flights will be fully loaded. When a uniform price is charged, the marginal revenue will be MR(Q) = 120-0.4Q. The marginal cost of operating flights in the market is MC(Q) = 0.6Q and the total cost is C(Q) = 3000 + 0.3Q2.
(a) How much is the profit-maximizing output level? How much is the maximum profit that Airline A can earn?
(3 points)
(b) Comparing with Airline A, Airline B produces at a much higher output level with a lower average total cost. Therefore, a student concludes the following: (i) Airline B achieves a higher level of productivity than Airline A, (ii) Airline B can achieve a higher profit than Airline A, and (iii) economies of scale exists in airline industry. Do you agree with the above conclusions? Why?(3 points) - Pls help for this Economic Question, clearly steps and right answer will give you upvote!-
Comparing this to Airline B, which has a higher output level and lower average total cost, a student concludes that: (i) Airline B achieves a higher level of productivity than Airline A, (ii) Airline B can achieve a higher profit than Airline A, and (iii) economies of scale exist in the airline industry.
I agree with these conclusions because:
(i) Higher output level at a lower average total cost indicates that Airline B can produce more seats per unit of input, making it more productive than Airline A.
(ii) With a lower average total cost and higher output level, Airline B can potentially generate higher revenues while maintaining lower costs, leading to a higher profit compared to Airline A.
(iii) Economies of scale occur when an increase in production leads to a decrease in average total cost. Since Airline B can produce at a higher output level with lower average total cost, this suggests that economies of scale exist in the airline industry.
Airline B's higher output level and lower average total cost support the student's conclusions about productivity, profitability, and economies of scale in the airline industry.
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on december 18, intel receives $240,000 from a customer toward a cash sale of $2.4 million for computer chips to be completed on january 23. the computer chips had a total production cost of $1.4 million. what journal entries should intel record on december 18 and january 23? assume intel uses the perpetual inventory system.
On December 18, Intel would record the following journal entry to recognize the customer's prepayment:
Debit: Cash $240,000
Credit: Unearned Revenue $240,000
On January 23, when the computer chips are completed and delivered, Intel would record the following journal entry to recognize the revenue and cost of goods sold:
Debit: Unearned Revenue $2,160,000 (2.4 million - 240,000)
Credit: Sales Revenue $2,160,000
Debit: Cost of Goods Sold $1,400,000
Credit: Inventory $1,400,000
The first entry records the receipt of cash from the customer, which is recorded as unearned revenue since the chips have not yet been delivered. The second entry recognizes the revenue and the cost of goods sold associated with the sale, based on the production cost of the chips.
The unearned revenue account is debited for the amount of the prepayment that is now earned and the sales revenue account is credited for the total sale amount. The inventory account is debited for the cost of producing the goods and the cost of goods sold account is credited for the same amount.
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A proprietor of an enterprise intends converting his business into a limited liability company. He also intends to have shareholders made up of 5 members as against 6 members proposed by his wife in a discussion. He has approached you as a postgraduate student in taxation to advise him on the relevance of the number of shareholders in a limited liability company setting. Required: Advise for tax planning purposes, the relevance of numbers of shareholders. (5 marks)
In advising the proprietor of an enterprise on the relevance of the number of shareholders in a limited liability company setting, for tax planning it is important to consider tax implications, control and decision-making preferences, ease of raising capital, and legal requirements.
1. Tax implications: The number of shareholders may impact the company's tax liability. Generally, a larger number of shareholders may provide an opportunity to distribute income more efficiently and lower the overall tax burden. However, this may vary depending on the local tax regulations.
2. Control and decision-making: The number of shareholders can also impact the level of control and decision-making within the company. With a smaller number of shareholders (e.g., 5 members), the proprietor may retain more control over the company's operations and decisions. However, having more shareholders (e.g., 6 members) may lead to more diverse perspectives and shared responsibility.
3. Ease of raising capital: The number of shareholders can affect the company's ability to raise capital. A larger number of shareholders may make it easier to raise funds through the issuance of shares, while a smaller number may limit the company's access to capital.
4. Legal and regulatory requirements: The number of shareholders may be subject to legal and regulatory requirements, which may impact the company's ability to operate as a limited liability company. It is essential to review local laws and regulations to ensure compliance.
In conclusion, the proprietor should weigh the advantages and disadvantages of having 5 or 6 shareholders in the limited liability company setting. The decision should be based on the specific tax implications, control and decision-making preferences, ease of raising capital, and legal requirements in their jurisdiction.
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the kind of learning that applies to voluntary behavior is called __________. group of answer choices classical conditioning marginal learning effective based learning instrumental conditioning
The type of learning that applies to voluntary behavior is called instrumental conditioning, additionally known as operant conditioning.
This type of gaining knowledge of takes place whilst an individual's behavior is shaped by the effects that follow it. If a behavior is followed by a high quality outcome, which includes a reward, it is much more likely to be repeated inside the future.
Conversely, if a behavior is accompanied by means of a poor consequence, which include punishment, it's far less probable to be repeated in the destiny. Instrumental conditioning may be used to train animals and human beings, and is broadly used in regions which includes education, parenting, and therapy.
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The type of learning that applies to voluntary behavior is called instrumental conditioning, additionally known as operant conditioning. This type of gaining knowledge of takes place.
whilst an individual's behavior is shaped by the effects that follow it. If a behavior is followed by a high quality outcome, which includes a reward, it is much more likely to be repeated inside the future. Conversely, if a behavior is accompanied by means of a poor consequence, which include punishment, it's far less probable to be repeated in the destiny. Instrumental conditioning may be used to train animals and human beings, and is broadly used in regions which includes education, parenting, and therapy.
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20 pts Question 4 A bond has a maturity of 20 years, a coupon rate of 6% (paid annually), and a par value of $1,000. The risk-free rate is 1.25%. If you think the appropriate risk premium is 5%, what is the fair price of the bond? (Answer in dollars, let Canvas do the rounding) Question 5 20 pts The bond is in fact trading at $871. What is the risk premium on the bond according to the market? (Answer with a numerical value, such as 0.011, not 1.1%. Do not round, let Canvas do the rounding)
The present value of the bond can be calculated using the formula:
PV = (C / r) x (1 - (1 / (1 + r)^n)) + (F / (1 + r)^n)
Where:
PV = present value of the bond
C = annual coupon payment
r = discount rate (risk-free rate + risk premium)
n = number of years to maturity
F = face value (par value) of the bond
Substituting the given values, we get:
PV = (60 / 0.0625) x (1 - (1 / 1.0625^20)) + (1000 / 1.0625^20)
Therefore, the fair price of the bond is $1,029.16.
The risk premium on the bond according to the market can be calculated as follows:
Risk premium = (coupon payment / market price) - yield to maturity
Substituting the given values, we get:
Risk premium = (60 / 871) - (1.0625^20 - 1) / (2 x (1.0625^20 + 1))
Therefore, the risk premium on the bond according to the market is 6.97%.
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The market through which firms raise capital for investment projects is called the O a. Secondary market O b. Derivatives market O c. Primary market O d. Bond Market O e. Stock market
The market through which firms raise capital for investment projects is called the primary market (option c).
In the primary market, companies issue new securities, such as stocks and bonds, to investors. This helps firms generate funds for their business expansion and investment needs. The secondary market (option a) is where investors trade previously issued securities, while the derivatives market (option b) deals with financial contracts whose value is derived from underlying assets.
The bond market (option d) and stock market (option e) are part of the primary market, as they include the issuance of debt and equity securities respectively.
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hich of the following are examples of the shortsightedness effect? check all that apply.during the last 45 years, the u.s. federal budget has been in deficit (annual tax revenue fell short of annual government spending) 40 times. in 40 of the past 45 years, the legislators that set the federal budget opted to incur future debts in order to finance current spending.
The shortsightedness effect refers to a situation where decision-makers prioritize short-term gains over long-term consequences.
In the provided example, the U.S. federal budget has been in deficit 40 times in the past 45 years. Legislators setting the federal budget chose to incur future debts to finance current spending. This is an example of the shortsightedness effect because the decision-makers prioritized immediate spending needs over the long-term consequences of accumulating debt.
The shortsightedness effect can also be observed in various other domains, such as personal finance, environmental policy, and health behaviors, where individuals or policymakers may prioritize short-term benefits or gains without fully considering the long-term consequences or costs of their decisions or actions.
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The shortsightedness effect describes a scenario in which decision-makers place short-term profits ahead of long-term repercussions.
In the example given, the federal budget of the United States has been in deficit 40 times in the last 45 years. Legislators who established the government budget decided to incur future debts in order to pay present spending. Because decision-makers prioritized present spending demands over the long-term repercussions of debt accumulation, this is an example of the shortsightedness effect.
Individuals or policymakers may prioritize short-term benefits or gains without fully considering the long-term consequences or costs of their decisions or actions in a variety of other domains, such as personal finance, environmental policy, and health behaviors, where the shortsightedness effect can also be observed.
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Thomas and Kathryn estimate they will need $65,000 per year in retirement in today’s dollars.
amount required in account at time of requirement: $1,414,657.54
How much will they need to save at the beginning of each month to achieve their retirement goal if they expect to earn 6% annually on their investments prior to retirement?
retirement in 35 years
To achieve their retirement goal of $65,000 per year in today's dollars, Thomas and Kathryn will need to save $2,051.45 per month at the beginning of each month.
This assumes they will earn 6% annually on their investments prior to retirement. By investing this amount of money each month over the course of 35 years, they will be able to accumulate $1,414,657.54. This will provide them with the necessary funds to cover their retirement expenses for the next 35 years.
Investing for retirement can be a daunting task. The key is to start investing as early as possible and to stick to your plan. Thomas and Kathryn have made a wise decision to invest early and regularly in order to accumulate the necessary funds for retirement.
By making regular contributions over the course of 35 years, they will have enough money to cover their retirement expenses for the duration of their retirement. With careful planning and dedication, Thomas and Kathryn will be able to achieve their retirement goal.
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carly donated inventory (ordinary income property) to a church. she purchased the inventory last month for $101,100, and on the date of the gift, it had a fair market value of $92,550. what is her maximum charitable contribution deduction for the year related to this inventory if her agi is $200,550?
Carly's maximum charitable contribution deduction for the year related to this inventory is calculated to be $27,765, given her AGI of $200,550.
When donating inventory that is considered ordinary income property, the maximum charitable contribution deduction is generally limited to the lower of the property's fair market value (FMV) or its tax basis. In this case, Carly's maximum charitable contribution deduction would be $92,550, which is the FMV of the inventory on the date of the gift.
However, the amount of the deduction that Carly can claim on her taxes is further limited by her adjusted gross income (AGI) and the type of organization she donated to.
Assuming that Carly donated to a qualified public charity and that the inventory is not considered capital gain property, her maximum charitable contribution deduction would be limited to 30% of her AGI for the year.
So, Carly's maximum charitable contribution deduction would be:
$92,550 (FMV of inventory) x 30% (AGI limit) = $27,765
Therefore, Carly's maximum charitable contribution deduction for the year related to this inventory would be $27,765, given her AGI of $200,550.
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think about the different ways the chapter and video describe to organize an analytical report. which would you be using when you employ the direct approach to write for an audience who asked you for the report? a
In an analytical report, various organizational structures can be employed to present the findings effectively. These include the direct approach, indirect approach, chronological order, and topical order, among others.
Understanding Analytical reportWhen using the direct approach, you begin with the main conclusions or recommendations, followed by supporting evidence and analysis. This method is best suited for an audience that has specifically requested the report and is familiar with the subject matter.
In this case, you would be using the direct approach to write the report, as it caters to the audience's expectations and delivers the key findings upfront. This allows them to quickly grasp the report's main points, making it an efficient way to present the information.
Remember to maintain a professional tone, and provide accurate, concise details to support your conclusions or recommendations.
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Over the past 150 years, the U.S. economy has endured a recession on average about every:
A) one to two years.
B) four to five years.
C) 10 to 15 years
D) 50 years
Over the past 150 years, the U.S. economy has endured a recession on average about every: B) four to five years. Thus, the correct answer is option B.
A recession is referred to a significant, widespread, and prolonged downturn in economic activity. Generally, recession can be calculated as:
two consecutive quarters of negative gross domestic product (GDP) growth mean recession, although more complex formulas are also used. Economists at the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) measure recessions by looking at nonfarm payrolls, industrial production, and retail sales, moving beyond the simpler two quarters of negative GDP measure.
Recessions are a normal part of the economic cycle, and they occur when there is a decline in economic activity for a period of time. The U.S. economy typically experiences a recession every four to five years, though the length and severity of each recession may vary. Thus, the correct answer is option B.
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Internationalizing companies that employ an prefer to send managers from their headquarters to manage foreign subsidiaries Select one: A. geocentric staffing model B. transnational staffing model C. ethnocentric staffing model D. polycentric staffing model
Internationalizing companies that prefer to send managers from their headquarters to manage foreign subsidiaries follow the ethnocentric staffing model. The correct answer is option C.
The staffing model that describes internationalizing companies that prefer to send managers from their headquarters to manage foreign subsidiaries is the ethnocentric staffing model. This approach involves hiring and promoting employees from the home country to oversee operations in foreign locations, with the belief that they possess the necessary skills, knowledge, and cultural understanding to effectively manage the subsidiary.
However, this approach may limit the diversity of perspectives and hinder the development of local talent and content loaded strategies. Companies that prioritize localization and integration of diverse perspectives may opt for a geocentric or transnational staffing model. In this model, key positions in the foreign subsidiary are filled by personnel from the parent company, which helps maintain a strong corporate culture and ensures control and coordination across the organization.
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Ethnocentric Staffing Model: Employing individuals from our parent nation to fill positions all across the world is an ethnocentric strategy to recruitment. Hence (d) is the correct option.
The general justification for the ethnocentric approach is that staff members from the parent nation would successfully represent the interests of the headquarters and have strong ties to it. While polycentric strategy keeps people from the same region, ethnocentric approach entails sending staff from the home or parent countries to the host country. Ethnocentric approach is utilised by MNCs with a worldwide strategic orientation. The propensity to view the world largely through the lens of one's own culture is known as ethnocentrism.
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A ______ forecasting model attempts to establish whether an explanatory variable influences the outcome of a response variable
residual
casual
A causal forecasting model attempts to establish whether an explanatory variable influences the outcome of a response variable.
This type of model is used to determine the cause-and-effect relationship between variables, with the goal of predicting how changes in one variable will impact the other variable.
The model establishes a causal relationship between the variables by controlling for other potential influences and identifying the specific effect of the explanatory variable on the response variable.
Causal forecasting models are commonly used in various fields, including economics, marketing, and social sciences, to understand and predict the impact of interventions or policy changes.
These models can be complex and require a deep understanding of the underlying causal mechanisms, as well as careful data collection and analysis.
Some popular techniques used in causal forecasting models include regression analysis, time series analysis, and experimental design.
By using causal forecasting models, researchers and practitioners can make more accurate predictions and informed decisions based on the expected effects of specific interventions or changes.
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best practices in outsourcing project work include all the following except question 14 options: well-defined requirements and procedures. training and team-building activities. well-established conflict management processes. frequent reviews and status updates. short-term, no-pressure outsourcing relationships.
Best practices in outsourcing project work include all the following EXCEPT: Short-term, no-pressure outsourcing relationships.
You may be able to resolve some problems in the scheduling of resources across many projects by outsourcing project work to a third-party provider. Project managers can simultaneously plan and oversee many projects thanks to resource allocation and multi-project scheduling.
When staff resources are overworked or unavailable, these external resources can be used. Project managers can obtain the regional resources needed to accomplish project work on international projects by outsourcing project work.
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How long does a 40,000 note with 4.02% simple interest
have to run to equal 41,400?
A 40,000 note with a 4.02% simple interest rate has to run for approximately 87.06% of a year to equal 41,400. To determine how long a 40,000 note with 4.02% simple interest has to run to equal 41,400, you can follow these steps:
1. First, find the total interest earned: 41,400 (final amount) - 40,000 (initial amount) = 1,400.
2. Next, calculate the annual interest: 40,000 (principal) x 0.0402 (interest rate) = 1,608.
3. Divide the total interest earned by the annual interest to find the time required: 1,400 (total interest) / 1,608 (annual interest) ≈ 0.8706.
4. Convert the decimal value to a percentage: 0.8706 x 100 ≈ 87.06%.
5. Since the interest rate is annual, the time required is approximately 87.06% of a year.
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little corporation has pretax accounting income of $100,000. little has interest on municipal bonds of $9,000. depreciation for tax purposes is $4,000 greater than depreciation for financial reporting purposes. little paid life insurance on executive officers of $5,000. warranty expense was $10,000, and warranties paid for tax purposes was $8,000. calculate taxable income.
The taxable income for Little Corporation is $98,000.
How to calculate taxable incomeTo do this, we'll consider the pretax accounting income, municipal bond interest, depreciation differences, life insurance expense, and warranty expenses.
Pretax accounting income:
$100,000 Interest on municipal bonds is tax-exempt, so we do not need to include the $9,000 in the taxable income calculation.
Depreciation difference:
For tax purposes, depreciation is $4,000 greater than for financial reporting purposes.
This means we need to reduce the taxable income by $4,000.
Life insurance on executive officers: This $5,000 expense is not tax deductible, so we do not adjust the taxable income for it.
Warranty expense:
The difference between the warranty expense ($10,000) and warranties paid for tax purposes ($8,000) is $2,000.
Since the expense for tax purposes is less, we need to add $2,000 back to the taxable income.
Now we can calculate the taxable income:
$100,000 (pretax accounting income) - $4,000 (depreciation difference) + $2,000 (warranty difference) = $98,000.
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which of the following would be true of policies taken during times of both high and low unemployment? increasing government spending will stimulate the economy. the multiplier effect will magnify the influence of policies. reducing the money supply will reduce inflation. cutting taxes will cause an increase in gdp.
The following statement would be true of policies taken during times of both high and low unemployment:
"The multiplier effect will magnify the influence of policies."
The multiplier effect refers to the idea that an initial increase in spending or investment can lead to a larger increase in overall economic activity. For example, if the government increases spending by $100 million, this could lead to an increase in GDP by $200 million due to the multiplier effect. The multiplier effect works in both high and low unemployment environments because it is a fundamental concept in macroeconomics.
The other statements may not necessarily be true of policies taken during times of both high and low unemployment. For example, increasing government spending may not always stimulate the economy, and cutting taxes may not always cause an increase in GDP
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an example of management by exception occurs when a manager investigates a large variance in a performance report to assign responsibility. question content area bottom part 1 true false
The statement " example of management by exception occurs when a manager investigates a large variance in a performance report to assign responsibility. " is true.
Management by exception is a management style that focuses on addressing and resolving significant deviations from the expected results or standards. In this example, the manager identifies a large variance in a performance report, which indicates a possible issue.
Instead of addressing every minor detail, the manager focuses on this significant deviation and investigates its cause. Through this investigation, the manager can identify the responsible party and implement corrective measures to improve performance.
This approach allows managers to efficiently allocate their time and resources to the most critical issues affecting the organization.
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Suppose a stock had an initial price of $61 per share, paid a dividend of $1.40 per share during the year, and had an ending share price of $69.
Requirement 1:
Compute the percentage total return. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer as a percentage rounded to 2 decimal places (e.g., 32.16).)
Percentage total return: %
Requirement 2:
What was the dividend yield? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer as a percentage rounded to 2 decimal places (e.g., 32.16).)
Dividend yield %
Requirement 3:
What was the capital gains yield? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer as a percentage rounded to 2 decimal places (e.g., 32.16).)
Capital gains yield %
Suppose a stock had an initial price of $61 per share, paid a dividend of $1.40 per share during the year, and had an ending share price of $69.
Requirement 1: Compute the percentage total return.
Step 1: Calculate the capital gain by subtracting the initial price from the ending price.
Capital Gain = $69 - $61 = $8
Step 2: Calculate the total return by adding the capital gain and the dividend.
Total Return = Capital Gain + Dividend = $8 + $1.40 = $9.40
Step 3: Calculate the percentage total return by dividing the total return by the initial price and multiplying by 100.
Percentage Total Return = (Total Return / Initial Price) * 100 = ($9.40 / $61) * 100 = 15.41%
Percentage total return: 15.41%
Requirement 2: What was the dividend yield?
Step 1: Calculate the dividend yield by dividing the dividend by the initial price and multiplying by 100.
Dividend Yield = (Dividend / Initial Price) * 100 = ($1.40 / $61) * 100 = 2.30%
Dividend yield: 2.30%
Requirement 3: What was the capital gains yield?
Step 1: Calculate the capital gains yield by dividing the capital gain by the initial price and multiplying by 100.
Capital Gains Yield = (Capital Gain / Initial Price) * 100 = ($8 / $61) * 100 = 13.11%
Capital gains yield: 13.11%
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montana company was authorized to issue 200,000 shares of common stock. the company had issued 50,000 shares of stock when it purchased 10,000 shares of treasury stock. the number of outstanding shares of common stock was: multiple choice 190,000. 60,000. 40,000. 50,000.
There were 40,000 shares of common stock that were still outstanding. This figure represents the number of outstanding shares of common stock that are currently held by outside investors.
Option C is the appropriate response.
Shares that a business has issued and subsequently purchased back from the market are referred to as treasury stock. Since the firm itself holds these shares rather than outside investors, they are not regarded as outstanding shares. We must deduct the number of treasury shares from the total number of issued shares in order to arrive at the number of outstanding shares of common stock. In this instance, the business issued 50,000 shares of stock and then purchased 10,000 shares of treasury stock.
Therefore, the number of outstanding shares of common stock would be:
Outstanding shares = Issued shares - Treasury shares
Outstanding shares = 50,000 - 10,000
Outstanding shares = 40,000
The correct answer is option c 40,000.
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the gini index of sweden went from 26.4% in 2004 to 27.3% in 2012. what does this tell us about the distribution of wealth throughout the country
The Gini index of Sweden increased from 26.4% in 2004 to 27.3% in 2012. This indicates that the distribution of wealth throughout the country became slightly more unequal during that time period, as a higher Gini index represents greater income inequality.
The Gini index is a measure of income inequality, where 0 represents perfect equality and 1 represents perfect inequality. In the case of Sweden, the Gini index increased from 26.4% in 2004 to 27.3% in 2012. This suggests that the distribution of wealth in Sweden became slightly more unequal during this time period. However, it is important to note that Sweden still has a relatively low Gini index compared to many other countries, indicating a relatively equal distribution of wealth overall.
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A difference between notes payable and accounts payable is that:Group of answer choicesaccounts payable are usually outstanding for longer periods of time than notes payable.accounts payable have an interest component but notes payable do not.notes payable are usually for smaller amounts than accounts payable.each note payable is supported by a legal document describing details about the company's promise to repay a loan, but accounts payable usually don't have this type of documentation.
A key difference between notes payable and accounts payable is that: each note payable is supported by a legal document describing details about the company's promise to repay a loan, but accounts payable usually don't have this type of documentation.
Notes payable typically involve formal agreements, like promissory notes, which detail the terms of repayment, including interest rates and due dates. They are often used for larger, longer-term loans or borrowings from financial institutions.
On the other hand, accounts payable represent short-term liabilities that a company owes to its suppliers or creditors for goods and services purchased on credit. These liabilities usually don't have formal legal documentation like notes payable, as they are often based on standard trade credit terms and agreements.
In summary, the main difference between notes payable and accounts payable is the presence of a legal document in the case of notes payable, whereas accounts payable typically do not have such documentation.
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Complete question:
A difference between notes payable and accounts payable is that:
a. accounts payable are usually outstanding for longer periods of time than notes payable.
b. accounts payable have an interest component but notes payable do not.
c. notes payable are usually for smaller amounts than accounts payable.
d. each note payable is supported by a legal document describing details about the company's promise to repay a loan, but accounts payable usually don't have this type of documentation.
5 pts consider a $1,000 par value bond with a 7% annual coupon. there are 20 years remaining until maturity. you have expectations that in 5 years the ytm on a 15-year bond with similar risk will be 7.5%. you plan to purchase the bond now and hold it for 5 years. your required return on this bond is 7.17%. how much would you be willing to pay for this bond today? (hint: find the expected bond value in 5 years)
You would be willing to pay $901.44 for the bond today.
We are required to find out how much you would be willing to pay for the $1,000 par value bond with a 7% annual coupon and 20 years remaining until maturity, considering your required return is 7.17% and the expected YTM on a similar 15-year bond in 5 years will be 7.5%.
In order to calculate the amount you would willing to pay, follow these steps:1. Calculate the bond's annual coupon payment:
Coupon payment = 0.07 * $1,000 = $70
2. Calculate the present value of the coupon payments for the 5-year holding period:
PV of coupon payments = $70 * [(1 - (1 + 0.0717)^-5) / 0.0717] = $291.64
3. Calculate the expected bond value in 5 years, when the YTM is 7.5% and there are 15 years remaining until maturity:
Expected bond value = $70 * [(1 - (1 + 0.075)^-15) / 0.075] + $1,000 / (1 + 0.075)^15 = $887.91
4. Calculate the present value of the expected bond value at the end of the 5-year holding period:
PV of expected bond value = $887.91 / (1 + 0.0717)^5 = $609.80
5. Add the present value of coupon payments and the present value of the expected bond value to find the price you would be willing to pay for the bond today:
Bond price = PV of coupon payments + PV of expected bond value = $291.64 + $609.80 = $901.44
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Felton Corp. will be found in violation of the Immigration Reform and Control Act, if it does not submit all completed Form I-9s to Immigration and Naturalization Service officers for approval.TrueFalse
True. The Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) requires employers to verify the identity and employment eligibility of all employees hired after November 6, 1986, by completing Form I-9. Failure to comply with the IRCA requirements may result in fines and penalties.
Employers are required to keep Form I-9s for three years after the date of hire or one year after the termination of employment, whichever is later.
Felton Corp. could be found in violation of the IRCA if it fails to submit all completed Form I-9s to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) officers for approval. The INS is responsible for enforcing the IRCA and has the authority to request and review employer's Form I-9s to ensure compliance.
Employers who violate the IRCA may face civil and criminal penalties, including fines, debarment from government contracts, and even imprisonment. Therefore, it is crucial for employers like Felton Corp. to comply with the IRCA requirements and ensure that all Form I-9s are completed accurately and submitted to INS officers for approval.
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True. The Immigration Reform and Control Act requires employers to verify the employment eligibility of their employees by completing Form I-9 and submitting it to the Immigration and Naturalization Service for approval.
Failure to do so can result in violations and penalties. Felton Corp. will be found in violation of the Immigration Reform and Control Act if it does not submit all completed Form I-9s to Immigration and Naturalization Service officers for approval. This act requires employers to verify the identity and employment eligibility of their employees.
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I have 3 investment portfolios with 4 types of investments: stocks, bonds, t-bills, and hard assets/real estate. I am having a hard time calculating the weighted average and figuring out for each portfolio if the asset allocation is helping it or hurting it.
To calculate the weighted average of your investment portfolios, you need to determine the percentage of each type of investment in each portfolio and multiply it by the corresponding rate of return. Then, you can add up the products to get the weighted average rate of return for each portfolio.
To determine if the asset allocation is helping or hurting each portfolio, compare the actual rate of return with the expected rate of return based on the desired asset allocation.
If the actual rate of return is higher than expected, the asset allocation is helping the portfolio. If it's lower, the allocation is hurting the portfolio.
B. To calculate the weighted average rate of return for each portfolio, follow these steps:
Determine the percentage of each type of investment in the portfolio.
Multiply each percentage by the corresponding rate of return for that investment.
Add up the products to get the weighted average rate of return for the portfolio.
For example, if Portfolio 1 has 40% stocks with a 10% rate of return, 30% bonds with a 5% rate of return, 20% t-bills with a 2% rate of return, and 10% real estate with a 7% rate of return, the calculation would be:
(0.40 x 0.10) + (0.30 x 0.05) + (0.20 x 0.02) + (0.10 x 0.07) = 0.057 or 5.7%
To determine if the asset allocation is helping or hurting the portfolio, compare the actual rate of return (5.7%) with the expected rate of return based on the desired asset allocation.
If the desired asset allocation was, for example, 50% stocks with a 10% rate of return, 20% bonds with a 5% rate of return, 20% t-bills with a 2% rate of return, and 10% real estate with a 7% rate of return, the expected rate of return would be:
(0.50 x 0.10) + (0.20 x 0.05) + (0.20 x 0.02) + (0.10 x 0.07) = 0.069 or 6.9%
Since the actual rate of return (5.7%) is lower than the expected rate of return (6.9%), the asset allocation for Portfolio 1 is hurting its performance. Repeat this process for each portfolio to determine if their asset allocations are helping or hurting their performance.
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assume that you enter a trade at $50 and believe that there is $10 of upside. where would you place your protective stop if you require a reward to risk ratio of 4 to 1? A. $50. B. $46. C. $47.50. D. $60
First, let's clarify the terms:1. Enter a trade: This means to initiate a position in a financial instrument, such as a stock, at a specific price.2. Believe that there: This implies having an expectation or prediction regarding the market.
3. Ratio of 4 to 1: This refers to the reward-to-risk ratio, a measure used to compare the expected returns of an investment to the potential downside risk. 4. $50: The initial entry price of the trade.
Now, let's address your question: You enter a trade at $50 and believe there is $10 of upside. This means your expected profit is $10 (target price of $60). To achieve a reward-to-risk ratio of 4 to 1, you need to determine where to place your protective stop. Step 1: Calculate the desired risk
Since the reward is $10, and the desired ratio is 4:1, divide the reward by 4 to get the risk amount.
$10 (reward) / 4 (ratio) = $2.50 (risk) Step 2: Determine the protective stop price
Subtract the risk amount from the initial entry price to find the stop price.
$50 (entry price) - $2.50 (risk) = $47.50 (protective stop price) So, you should place your protective stop at $47.50, which corresponds to option C.
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To calculate the placement of the protective stop based on a reward-to-risk ratio of 4 to 1, we first need to determine our risk. If the trade entry is at $50 and the expected upside is $10, then the risk is $10 as well (since we would exit the trade if the price drops $10).
To achieve a reward-to-risk ratio of 4 to 1, we need to ensure that our potential reward is 4 times greater than our risk. Therefore, our potential reward in this scenario would be $40 ($10 of upside x 4).
To determine the placement of the protective stop, we need to subtract our risk ($10) from our entry price ($50), which gives us $40. Then, we divide this number by our reward-to-risk ratio (4), which gives us $10. Therefore, our protective stop should be placed at $40 ($50 - $10) to achieve a reward-to-risk ratio of 4 to 1.
So, the correct answer is not among the options given.
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The previous questions states and asks: "A stock price (which pays no dividends) is $50 and the strike price of a two year European put option is $55. The risk-free rate is 3% (continuously compounded). What is the lower bound for the option such that there are arbitrage opportunities if the price is below the lower bound and no arbitrage opportunities if it is above the lower bound? Please enter your answer rounded to two decimal places with no dollar sign."
If this were an American option instead of a European one, what would be the option's lower price bound? (i.e., the minimum price to eliminate arbitrage opportunities).
The lower price bound for an American put option is the same as the European put option, which is $5.48.
This is because early exercise of an American put option is only optimal when the option's intrinsic value (i.e. the difference between the strike price and the stock price) is greater than the option's time value. Since the time value of a two year put option is positive and decreasing as time goes on, it is never optimal to exercise the option early, making it the same as a European put option. This is because American options can be exercised at any time before expiration, making their lower bound equal to the immediate exercise value.
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Answer three questions Max 100 words per question • No referencing required Paraphrase and use your own words in the answer - DO NOT COPY FROM WEBSITES . Due date: Thursday 7th March Question Question 2 What is the link between performance management and compensation? Demonstrate your answer with an example.
The relationship between performance management and compensation is based on the fact that pay is frequently correlated with employee performance. A bonus or pay rise could be given to an employee who performs better than expected, for instance.
As performance evaluation frequently serves as the foundation for setting remuneration, performance management and compensation are closely related. To assess an employee's performance on the job, productivity, and value to the company, businesses often utilise a performance management system. Managers might decide an employee's compensation, bonuses, promotions, and other awards based on the performance review.
For instance, an employee may be given a bigger wage raise or bonus than an employee who did not accomplish their goals if they routinely meet or surpass their performance targets. Similarly to this, if an employee continually performs below expectations, their wage rise, bonus, or chance of promotion may be reduced.
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a group of small businesses constituting a single organization in order to spread health risks and negotiate more affordable health insurance is known as:
In order to combat the rising cost of health insurance, small businesses may band together to form a larger organization that can negotiate more affordable health insurance plans. This type of organization is known as a ""health insurance cooperative"" or ""health insurance alliance.""
Health insurance cooperatives are essentially groups of small businesses that come together to create a larger pool of individuals for insurance purposes. This allows the group to spread out the health risks among a larger population, which can help to reduce the overall cost of health insurance.
By banding together, these small businesses can also leverage their collective bargaining power to negotiate better rates with insurance providers. This can result in lower premiums and better coverage options for all members of the cooperative.
Health insurance cooperatives can be especially beneficial for small businesses, which may not have the bargaining power or resources to negotiate favorable insurance rates on their own. By pooling their resources and negotiating as a group, these small businesses can level the playing field and provide their employees with access to high-quality health insurance at an affordable price.
Overall, health insurance cooperatives are a powerful tool for small businesses looking to provide their employees with access to affordable health insurance. By working together, these businesses can spread out the health risks among a larger pool of individuals and negotiate better rates with insurance providers, ultimately resulting in better health outcomes for all involved.
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if a penetration pricing strategy results in lower per-unit cost, competitors might be discouraged from entering the market because
If a penetration pricing strategy results in a lower per-unit cost, competitors might be discouraged from entering the market because they would have a difficult time competing on price.
This is because the company using penetration pricing can set lower prices due to the lower per-unit cost, making it difficult for competitors to match or beat the price. Additionally, if the company using penetration pricing gains a significant market share due to its lower prices, it may also benefit from economies of scale, which can further reduce costs and increase its competitive advantage.
As a result, competitors may be hesitant to enter the market and risk being unable to compete on price, leading to the incumbent company's dominance in the market.
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