COVID-19 is the disease caused by a coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2. WHO first learned of this new virus on 31 December 2019, following a report of a cluster of cases of so-called viral pneumonia in Wuhan, People’s Republic of China.
How the covid-19 was effected?
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the global economy and the capital of organizations across various industries. To mitigate the organizational and strategic risks posed by this crisis, organizations must take several steps.
Firstly, they need to develop a comprehensive risk management plan that identifies the potential impacts of the pandemic on their business operations, workforce, and supply chain. This plan should also outline the measures that the organization can take to reduce or manage these risks, including contingency plans for workforce disruption and supply chain disruptions.
Secondly, organizations need to adopt a proactive approach to manage their financial risks by identifying their key financial indicators and monitoring them closely. This includes reviewing their cash flow, reducing their expenses, and re-evaluating their capital expenditure plans.
Thirdly, organizations need to prioritize their strategic objectives and re-evaluate their business models to adapt to the changing market conditions. This may involve exploring new business opportunities, diversifying their products and services, and investing in technology to support remote work and customer engagement.
In summary, to mitigate the organizational and strategic risks posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, organizations need to take a proactive approach by developing a comprehensive risk management plan, monitoring their financial indicators, and re-evaluating their business models to adapt to the changing market conditions.
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what is the central role of financial intermediaries in a market economy?group of answer choicesproviding safe deposit boxes for people and businessesthe creation and printing of moneybringing together savers and borrowerskeeping the price level stable
The central role of financial intermediaries in a market economy is bringing together savers and borrowers.
Financial intermediaries are generally used for financial transactions. This usually takes place between different banks.
These types of intermediaries lower the cost of doing business. For leasing purposes, we should use financial intermediaries, and also defer ourselves from accepting credits from the public in this scenario.
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the degree to which people believe a person has their best interests in mind is known as:
The degree to which people believe a person has their best interests in mind is known as perceived benevolence or perceived trustworthiness.
People's perceptions of someone's goodness or trustworthiness might be gauged by how much they think that person has their best interests in mind. Factors including the person's behaviour, communication style, reputation, and degree of competence can all have an impact on this. those are more likely to trust those they believe to be trustworthy, honest, and truly concerned about their welfare.
Building and sustaining healthy relationships, both personally and professionally, might depend on this degree of trust.
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The degree to which people believe a person has their best interests in mind is known as perceived benevolence or perceived trustworthiness. People's perceptions of someone's goodness.
or trustworthiness might be gauged by how much they think that person has their best interests in mind. Factors including the person's behaviour, communication style, reputation, and degree of competence can all have an impact on this. those are more likely to trust those they believe to be trustworthy, honest, and truly The degree to which people believe a person has their best interests in mind is known as perceived benevolence or perceived benevolence trustworthiness. People's perceptions of someone's goodness or trustworthiness might be gauged by how much they think that person has their best interests in mind. Factors including the person's behaviour, communication style, reputation, and degree of competence can all have an impact on this. those are more likely to trust those they believe to be trustworthy, honest, and truly concerned about their welfare. concerned about their welfare. Building and sustaining healthy relationships, both personally and professionally, might depend on this degree of trust.
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the upper paleolithic refers to the time period between ___________ and ___________ years ago.
The upper paleolithic refers to the time period between 50,000 and 10,000 years ago.
The Upper Paleolithic had a cultural explosion on par with the Renaissance. Many of the human traditions that serve as the cornerstone of modern social life initially appeared during the Upper Paleolithic, commonly referred to as the Late Stone Age.
Dates for the Upper Paleolithic range from 50,000 to 10,000 years ago. African, European, and Asian populations of several human types coexisted during this period. They significantly improved instruments and artistic mediums. Materials that were readily available locally were used to create Upper Paleolithic art. Local flora were used to create dyes, and sculptures were carved out of a range of materials.
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be 9 yes Financial results may a misleading indicator of strategic health of a company do you agree with this statement? Explain start with with this statement or agree I do not agree Strictly one page: Strateg-effectiveness effia oncy - financial is operations : *Machoki - Readings FOC FIDEL MWAKI 4 COMPANY ADVOCATES$
I agree with the statement that financial results may be a misleading indicator of the strategic health of a company. While financial performance is undoubtedly important, it cannot be the only metric for evaluating a company's overall success.
A company may have strong financial results but still struggle with operational efficiency, or its strategic goals may not align with its financial performance.
For example, a company may have achieved high profitability through cost-cutting measures, but at the expense of investing in long-term growth opportunities.
Alternatively, a company may have incurred short-term losses in pursuit of a strategic shift that will position it for long-term success.
Therefore, it is essential to evaluate a company's overall strategy, effectiveness, efficiency, and operations alongside financial performance to gain a comprehensive understanding of its strategic health. Focusing solely on financial results can lead to a short-sighted view of a company's long-term prospects.
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8. Determine the beta of a portfolio formed by 30% risk-free asset, 25% stocks of UBS with a volatility of 15% and with a beta of 0.8; 65% in Unilever stocks with a variance of 0.0012 and a beta equal to 0,6 and a short selling position equal to 20% in corporate bonds of Eon with a beta of 0,3. A) Beta between 0, 45 and 0,55 B) Beta between 0,6 and 0,7 C) Beta between 0,33 and 0,43 D) None of the above
The beta of the given portfolio is beta between 0.45 and 0.55 Therefore, the correct option is A.
To determine the beta of a portfolio, we need to calculate the weighted average of the betas of each component in the portfolio. Given the information in your question, we have:
1. 30% risk-free asset (beta = 0)
2. 25% UBS stocks (beta = 0.8)
3. 65% Unilever stocks (beta = 0.6)
4. -20% Eon corporate bonds (short selling, beta = 0.3)
Now, we'll calculate the weighted average beta:
Portfolio beta = (0.30 * 0) + (0.25 * 0.8) + (0.65 * 0.6) + (-0.20 * 0.3)
Portfolio beta = (0) + (0.2) + (0.39) + (-0.06)
Portfolio beta = 0.53
Based on the calculated portfolio beta of 0.53, the correct answer is A) Beta between 0.45 and 0.55.
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office supply inc. manufactures and sells stationery and office supplies. it is beginning to lose its competitive advantage with the entry of new competitors. in this case, to gain a sustainable competitive advantage, what should office supply inc. do? group of answer choices find ways to cut the cost of goods sold imitate the products of its competitors. quickly rollout new products develop the skills and assets of the organization.
Office Supply Inc., facing increased competition in the stationery and office supplies market, should focus on developing a sustainable competitive advantage.
How To achieve sustainable competitive advantageTo achieve this, the company should prioritize cutting the cost of goods sold, quickly rolling out innovative new products, and enhancing the skills and assets of the organization.
By reducing costs, Office Supply Inc. can offer more competitive pricing to customers. Introducing new products will help differentiate the company from competitors and meet evolving customer needs.
Finally, investing in the organization's skills and assets will improve overall efficiency and foster a culture of continuous improvement. This combination of strategies will position Office Supply Inc. for long-term success in the market.
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In many nonindustrial societies, adolescence is considered to be either nonexistent or NON existant or growth leading too Sexual maturityq (true or false)
False. In many nonindustrial societies, adolescence is considered to be a distinct period of life, characterized by physical, cognitive, and social changes, although the concept and experience of adolescence may differ from that of industrial societies.
In many nonindustrial societies, adolescence is seen as a transitional period between childhood and adulthood, marked by physical changes such as growth spurts and the onset of puberty, as well as social and cultural changes such as increased responsibilities, initiation rites, and gender roles.
However, the experience of adolescence may vary greatly across different nonindustrial societies, depending on factors such as cultural values, economic conditions, and religious beliefs. For example, some societies may emphasize the importance of marriage and childbearing for adolescent girls, while others may encourage exploration and experimentation before settling into adult roles.
Overall, while the concept of adolescence may not be universal or static, it remains an important period of development and transition in many nonindustrial societies.
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the future value of an ordinary annuity table is used when calculating multiple choice question. the present value of a series of payments. the present value of a single amount. the future value of a series of payments.
The future value of an ordinary annuity table is a tool used to calculate the future value of a series of payments made at the end of each period over a certain number of periods.
This table helps individuals determine the amount they will have in the future based on their current investment or savings plan. By using the table, investors can estimate the value of their investment at the end of the investment period, assuming they make regular, equal payments.
The table is also useful in calculating the present value of a series of payments. By taking the future value of these payments and discounting it back to the present, individuals can determine the amount they would need to invest today to achieve their desired future value. This is known as the present value of an ordinary annuity.
The present value of a single amount is also important to consider when investing. This refers to the value of a lump sum payment today that will grow over time, assuming a certain rate of return. By understanding the present value of a single amount, investors can better determine how much they need to invest to reach their financial goals.
In summary, the future value of an ordinary annuity table is a valuable tool for investors to determine the future value of their investments and savings plans. It can also be used to calculate the present value of a series of payments and a single lump sum payment.
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Using Return Distributions Suppose the returns on long-term government bonds are normally distributed. Based on the historical record, what is the approximate probability that your return on these bonds will be less than −3.9 percent in a given year? What range of returns would you expect to see 95 percent of the time? What range would you expect to see 99 percent of the time?
The Range of return of the following is given as:
The probability that the return will be less than -3.9% is 16%The required range of returns for 95 percent of the time for long term government bonds is -13.7% to 25.5%.The range of returns for 99 percent of the time for long term government bonds is -23.5% to 35.3%.Any type of investment instrument, including real estate, bonds, equities, and fine art, can be subject to a rate of return (RoR). Any asset can be used with the RoR as long as it is acquired once and generates cash flow at some point in the future.
The attractiveness of various investments may be determined, in part, by comparing their historical rates of return to those of comparable assets. A needed rate of return is frequently chosen by investors before making an investment decision.
Return range for a security with returns of normal distribution:
When a security's returns are regularly distributed, they are symmetrical around the mean return amount. There is a 68% likelihood that the return in this situation will be within one standard deviation of the mean. A 95% possibility exists that the return will fall between two standard deviations of the mean. Additionally, there is a 99% likelihood that the return will fall within a three standard deviation range of the mean.
With the standard deviation([tex]\sigma[/tex]) and the mean (R) , different probability of the return to fall in a range are mentioned below.
Probability Range
About 68% → [tex]R \pm \sigma[/tex]
About 95% → [tex]R \pm 2\sigma[/tex]
About 95% → [tex]R \pm 3\sigma[/tex]
The approximate probability that your return on these bonds will be less than −3.9 percent in a given year:
[tex]R \pm \sigma =[/tex] (5.9 - 9.8) to (5.9 + 9.8)
= -3.9% to 15.7%.
Hence, the approximate probability that the return will be less than -3.9% is 16%.
With standard deviation = 9.8% and mean = 5.9%
[tex]R \pm 2\sigma =[/tex] (5.9 - 2x9.8) to (5.9 + 2x9.8)
= (5.9% - 19.6%) to (5.9% + 19.6%)
= -13.7% to 25.5%
Hence the required range of returns for 95 percent of the time for long term government bonds is -13.7% to 25.5%.
With standard deviation = 9.8% and mean = 5.9%
[tex]R \pm 3\sigma =[/tex] (5.9 - 3x9.8) to (5.9 + 3x9.8)
= (5.9% - 29.4%) to (5.9% + 29.4%)
= -23.5% to 35.3%
Hence, required range of returns for 99 percent of the time for long term government bonds is -23.5% to 35.3%.
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Had to split question into two photos for words to remain clear and visible
Question 13 The firm is evaluating a proposal to extend credit to a group of new customers. The new customers will they will pay in 30 days. The variable contrato eCOGS) is 80% of sales, collection expenses are 5% Cocor upront, while the collection cost out on the date in which the customer's payment is recal one day's sales the firm grants credit?
The firm is evaluating a proposal to extend credit to a group of new customers who will pay in 30 days. The variable cost (COGS) is 80% of sales, and collection expenses are 5%. The collection cost is incurred on the date when the customer's payment is received. The question asks if the firm should grant credit to these new customers.
Step 1: Analyze the costs and benefits associated with extending credit.
The variable cost (COGS) represents 80% of sales, which is the cost of producing the goods sold. Collection expenses are 5% of the sales, which are the costs associated with collecting payments from customers.
Step 2: Evaluate the risks and potential returns.
Extending credit to new customers can lead to increased sales and revenue. However, it also comes with the risk of non-payment or delayed payments, which can affect cash flow and profitability.
Step 3: Compare the potential returns to the costs.
To determine if granting credit is a wise decision, the firm needs to weigh the potential increase in sales and revenue against the costs associated with extending credit and collecting payments.
Step 4: Make a decision.
If the potential returns outweigh the costs and risks, the firm should consider extending credit to the new customers. However, if the costs and risks are too high, it might be more prudent to avoid granting credit to these customers and explore other options for growing sales and revenue.
In summary, to decide whether to grant credit to the new customers, the firm should carefully analyze the costs and benefits, evaluate the risks and potential returns, and compare these factors before making a final decision.
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if a firm permanently borrows $100 million at an interest rate of 8 percent, what is the present value of the interest tax shield? (assume that the marginal corporate tax rate is 21 percent.)
The present value of the interest tax shield for the firm is $21 million.
How to calculate the present valueWhen a firm borrows money, it receives an interest tax shield, which is a tax deduction on the interest paid.
In this case, the firm has borrowed $100 million at an interest rate of 8 percent, which leads to an annual interest expense of $8 million ($100 million * 0.08).
The marginal corporate tax rate is 21 percent, so the interest tax shield can be calculated as the annual interest expense multiplied by the tax rate.
Interest Tax Shield = Annual Interest Expense * Tax Rate
Interest Tax Shield = $8 million * 0.21
Interest Tax Shield = $1.68 million
The present value of the interest tax shield depends on the time frame and discount rate.
Since it's a permanent loan, the tax shield is a perpetuity, which can be calculated by dividing the annual tax shield by the discount rate.
Assuming the discount rate is equal to the interest rate (8 percent), the present value of the interest tax shield can be calculated as follows:
PV of Interest Tax Shield = Interest Tax Shield / Discount Rate
PV of Interest Tax Shield = $1.68 million / 0.08
PV of Interest Tax Shield = $21 million
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you are purchasing a new machine that costs $12 million, and that has a 7 year expected life span. After 7 years, the estimated salvage value is $2 million. What is the yearly straight-line depreciation? (answer in MILLION dollars, but without the dollar sign, e.g. "0.42" is $0.42 million) Type your answer...
The yearly straight-line depreciation for the machine is $1.43 million.
The yearly straight-line depreciation for the new machine that costs $12 million and has an expected life span of 7 years with a salvage value of $2 million is calculated by subtracting the salvage value from the cost of the machine and dividing it by the expected life span. In this case, the calculation would be:
($12 million - $2 million) / 7 years = $1.43 million per year
Therefore, the yearly straight-line depreciation for the machine is $1.43 million.
Straight-line depreciation is a common method used to calculate the decrease in the value of assets over time. It assumes that the value of the asset decreases by an equal amount each year. In this case, the depreciation expense for the machine is spread out evenly over its expected life span of 7 years. The salvage value is also taken into account to determine the total amount of depreciation. The yearly straight-line depreciation can be useful for companies to determine the cost of owning and operating assets over their useful lives.
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when preparing the balance sheet for papago company for december 31, 2021, which item would not be classified as a current liability? multiple choice note payable due march 1, 2023 accounts payable income taxes due on september 15, 2022 the current portion of a 30-year mortgage
In the given options, the item that would not be classified as a current liability is the current portion of a 30-year mortgage
The current portion of a 30-year mortgage would not be classified as a current liability.
Current liabilities are those obligations that are due within one year or the company's operating cycle, whichever is longer. Examples of current liabilities include accounts payable, notes payable due within one year, and income taxes payable.
The current portion of a long-term liability, such as a 30-year mortgage, represents the portion of the principal that is due within the next 12 months. This amount is classified as a current liability on the balance sheet. However, the remaining portion of the mortgage, which is not due within the next 12 months, would be classified as a long-term liability.
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people are more likely to buy a winter coat that is priced at $99.99 than a coat that is priced at $100.00. this is because of:
People are more likely to buy a winter coat that is priced at $99.99 than a coat that is priced at $100.00 because of a pricing strategy called "charm pricing."
Charm pricing is a marketing technique where a product is priced just below a round number, such as $99.99 instead of $100. The idea behind charm pricing is that consumers are more likely to perceive the price as being lower than it actually is and may be more likely to make a purchase as a result.
This is because consumers tend to process prices from left to right, focusing on the first digit rather than the second or third. So, a price of $99.99 is likely to be perceived as being in the $90 range, rather than the $100 range. Additionally, consumers tend to round prices down in their minds, so a price of $99.99 may be mentally rounded down to $99, making it seem like a better deal.
Overall, charm pricing is a common pricing strategy used by marketers to make their products seem more affordable and appealing to consumers.
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People are more likely to buy a winter coat that is priced at $99.99 than a coat that is priced at $100.00 because of a pricing strategy called "charm pricing." Charm pricing is a marketing technique.
where a product is priced just below a round number, such as $99.99 instead of $100. The idea behind charm pricing is that consumers are more likely to perceive the price as being lower than it actually is and may be more likely to make a purchase as a result. This is because consumers tend to process prices from left to right, focusing on the first digit rather than the second or third. So, a price of $99.99 is likely to be perceived as being in the $90 range, rather than the $100 range. Additionally, consumers tend to round prices down in their minds, so a price of $99.99 may be mentally rounded down to $99, making it seem like a better deal. Overall, charm pricing is a common pricing strategy used by marketers to make their products seem more affordable and appealing to consumers.
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Suppose that 5 years ago the Cisco Company sold a 15-year bond issue, which had a par value of $5,000 and a coupon rate of 7 percent. Interest is paid semiannually. If the required return is 12 percent, what is the price of the bond today? Under what condition is it sold?
a. OR $7,276.70, discounted
b. Or $7,276.70, with premium
c. Or $3,279.40, with premium
d. $3,279.40, discounted
e. OR $7,276.70, per pair
Suppose that 5 years ago the Cisco Company sold a 15-year bond issue, which had a par value of $5,000 and a coupon rate of 7 percent. Interest is paid semiannually. If the required return is 12 percent, period of bond is $3,279.40, and on discounted condition. Correct alternative is d.
Information given in the questions are as follows
Face value = 5000
Coupon rate = 7%
Years to maturity = 10 (since the 15 year bond is issued 5 years ago)
Required return = 12%
Coupon Payment =350
Maturity= 15
Market rate= 12.00%
Number of times compounded= 2
PV(0.12/2,15*2,-350/2,-5000)
= $3,279.40
Since the price of the bond is less than the face value of the bond, the bond is selling at a discount
Answer = $3,279.40, discount
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the candle shop experienced the following events during its first year of operations: acquired cash by issuing common stock. paid a cash dividend to the stockholders. paid cash for operating expenses. borrowed cash from a bank. provided services and collected cash. purchased land with cash. determined that the market value of the land is higher than the historical cost.
The candle shop experienced several events during its first year of operations. Firstly, they acquired cash by issuing common stock.
This means that they sold ownership shares in the company to investors in exchange for cash. Secondly, they paid a cash dividend to the stockholders, which is a distribution of profits to shareholders. Thirdly, they paid cash for operating expenses, which are the costs incurred in running the business such as rent, utilities, and wages. Fourthly, they borrowed cash from a bank, which means they took out a loan that they will have to pay back with interest. Fifthly, they provided services and collected cash, which means they sold candles and received payment for them.
Lastly, they purchased land with cash. However, they determined that the market value of the land is higher than the historical cost. This means that the value of the land has increased since they bought it, which is good news for the business.
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Describe how traditional management has had to adapt to modern
digital management. Provide examples to support your answer.
Traditional management has had to adapt to modern digital management by incorporating technology in decision-making, communication, and operations, leading to improved efficiency and productivity.
Traditional management has had to adapt significantly to modern digital management, with the advent of new technologies and the rise of digital communication. In the past, management was more hierarchical, with a top-down approach to decision-making and communication.
However, with the increasing use of digital tools, management has had to become more collaborative, flexible, and responsive.
One key example of this shift is in the way that companies now communicate and collaborate with employees and teams. Digital tools like video conferencing, instant messaging, and project management software have made it possible for teams to work together more seamlessly, no matter where they are located.
Another example is in the way that companies now collect and analyze data. Traditional management often relied on static reports and gut instincts to make decisions, but with the rise of big data and advanced analytics, companies can now gather real-time insights and make data-driven decisions.
Overall, traditional management has had to adapt to modern digital management in order to stay competitive and to meet the needs of a rapidly changing business environment. By embracing new technologies and adopting more collaborative and data-driven approaches to decision-making, companies can become more agile, responsive, and effective in their operations.
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Your stock has a β = 2.77, the expected return on the stock
market is 16.67%, and the yield on T-bills is 6%. What is the
expected return on your stock?
To calculate the expected return on your stock, we can use the following formula: Expected return = risk-free rate + β * (market return - risk-free rate)Plugging in the given values, we get:
Expected return = 6% + 2.77 * (16.67% - 6%)
Expected return = 6% + 2.77 * 10.67%
Expected return = 6% + 29.50%
Expected return = 35.50%
Therefore, the expected return on your stock is 35.50%.The expected return on the stock can be calculated using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM):Expected return on stock = Risk-free rate + Beta*(Expected market return - Risk-free rate)
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The common stock of NCP paid 1.32 in dividends last year. Dividends are expected to grow at an 8% annual rate for an indefinite number of years.
a. If NCP's current market price is $23.50 per share, what is the stock's expected rate of return?
b. If your required rate of return is 10.5 %, what is the value of the stock for that investor?
c. Should you make the investment?
Given that your required rate of return is 10.5% and the stock value ($57.024) is higher than the current market price ($23.50), it is clear that the stock is undervalued and would be a wise investment.
We'll be using the Dividend Discount Model (DDM) to solve the problem.
a. To calculate the stock's expected rate of return, we'll use the following formula:
Expected Rate of Return = (Dividend1 / Current Market Price) + Dividend growth rate
First, we need to find Dividend1, which is the dividend for the next year. We have:
Dividend0 = $1.32 (last year's dividend)
Dividend Growth Rate = 8%
Dividend1 = Dividend0 * (1 + Dividend Growth Rate)
Dividend1 = $1.32 * (1 + 0.08)
Dividend1 = $1.4256
Now, we can calculate the expected rate of return:
Expected Rate of Return = ($1.4256 / $23.50) + 0.08
Expected Rate of Return = 0.06066 + 0.08
Expected Rate of Return = 0.14066 or 14.066%
b. To find the value of the stock for an investor with a required rate of return of 10.5%, we'll use the DDM formula:
Stock Value = Dividend1 / (Required Rate of Return - Dividend Growth Rate)
Stock Value = $1.4256 / (0.105 - 0.08)
Stock Value = $1.4256 / 0.025
Stock Value = $57.024
c. To determine if you should make the investment, compare the stock value with the current market price. In this case:
Stock Value = $57.024
Current Market Price = $23.50
Since the stock value ($57.024) is greater than the current market price ($23.50), it indicates that the stock is undervalued, and it would be a good investment based on your required rate of return of 10.5%.
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a(n) _________ is a social entrepreneur who creates something new through the combination of diverse and different elements.
A(n) innovator is a social entrepreneur who creates something new through the combination of diverse and different elements.
Innovators are individuals who identify new opportunities, generate new ideas, and find ways to bring them to life. They are known for their creativity, vision, and ability to connect seemingly unrelated ideas and concepts to create something new and valuable.
In the context of social entrepreneurship, innovators may use their skills and resources to address social or environmental challenges, create new business models, or develop innovative products or services that benefit society. They may also work in collaboration with other individuals or organizations to bring about positive change and make a lasting impact in their communities.
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A "social innovator" is a social entrepreneur who creates something new through the combination of diverse and different elements.
Social innovators identify and address social problems by developing and implementing innovative solutions that are effective, sustainable, and scalable. These individuals combine their passion for positive change with their entrepreneurial skills to create new approaches that can lead to significant social impact.
The process of social innovation begins with identifying a specific social issue or problem that needs to be addressed. Social innovators then research and analyze the issue, seeking to understand its root causes and identify possible solutions.
Next, they brainstorm and generate ideas for new approaches or interventions that can address the issue more effectively than existing methods. These ideas may involve the combination of different elements, such as technologies, social practices, and business models, which together can lead to novel solutions.
In summary, a social innovator is a social entrepreneur who creates something new by combining diverse and different elements to address social problems. Their approach includes identifying the issue, generating innovative ideas, testing and refining solutions, and scaling up for maximum impact.
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A(n) ________ methodology is process-oriented and develops in a step-by-step technique, with each step building on the previous one.
A. explicit
B. tacit
C. conversion
D. structured
E. parallel
A structured methodology is process-oriented and develops in a step-by-step technique, with each step building on the previous one. The correct answer is D. structured.
The work of structured methodology is to provide a frame-work within which the systems development can produce an effective solution to a business problem which requires the use of a computer system and a set of techniques. Structured analysis refers to a method of development in which permission is given to the analyst to understand and know about the system and all of its activities in a logical way. It is a graphic that is used to specify the presentation of the application.
Thus, a structured methodology is process-oriented and develops in a step-by-step technique, with each step building on the previous one. The correct answer is option D.
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All the following are examples of variable costs, except. a. labor costs. b. cost of raw materials. c. accounting fees. d. electricity cost.
The correct answer is c. accounting fees.
Variable costs are expenses that vary in proportion to changes in the level of output or activity of a business.
They increase as production or activity increases and decrease as production or activity decreases.
Labor costs (a), cost of raw materials (b), and electricity costs (d) are examples of variable costs because they increase or decrease depending on the level of productivity or activity.
Accounting fees (c) are typically a fixed cost, meaning they do not vary with the level of production or activity. Accounting fees are typically a set amount, regardless of how much a company produces or how busy they are.Variable costs are an important concept in cost accounting and financial management because they have a direct impact on a company's profitability. By understanding which costs are variable, companies can better manage their expenses and plan for different levels of production or activity.
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Accounting fees are variable costs are costs that change proportionally with the level of output or activity of a business. They are expenses that increase or decrease as production or sales increase or decrease.
The three examples of variable costs listed are:
a. Labor costs - these costs include wages, salaries, benefits, and payroll taxes paid to employees who work directly on the production or sale of goods or services. As production or sales increase, labor costs increase, and vice versa.
b. Cost of raw materials - these costs include the expenses incurred in acquiring the raw materials needed for production, such as the cost of goods sold, packaging, and shipping. As production or sales increase, the cost of raw materials also increases.
c. Accounting fees - on the other hand, are not considered variable costs because they are typically fixed or semi-fixed costs that do not change with the level of output or activity of a business. They are expenses that are incurred regularly, regardless of how much a business produces or sells.
d. Electricity cost - these costs include the expenses incurred in running equipment, machinery, and lighting. As production or sales increase, the electricity costs also increase.
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A new three-year CMO has two tranches. The 'A' tranche has a principal of $28.9 million with an annual.coupon of 3.25%. The 'Z' tranche has a coupon of 5.21% with a principal of $34.7 million. The mortgages backing the security issue have a fixed rate of 6.17% with a maturity of three years. All payments are made and compounded annually at the end of the year. The issue will be over-collateralized with $4.7 million of equity. Priority payments made to the 'A' tranche will consist of A's promised coupon, all mortgage pool amortization, and any interest accrued to the "Z' tranche. Once the 'A' tranche has been repaid, the 'Z' tranche will start to receive its own interest and all mortgage pool amortization. The equity class will only get residual cash flows. How much total cash flow will be received by the 'A' tranche in year 1 of the CMO? $21.75 million $22.35 million $22.96 million $23.56 million $24.17 million Previous Page Next Page Page 12 of 25
The total cash is $12.37945 million.
How to find the total cash flow?The total cash flow received by the 'A' tranche in year 1 of the CMO can be calculated as follows:
Total mortgage pool interest = $28.9 million * 3.25% = $0.93825 million
Total interest payable to 'Z' tranche = $34.7 million * 5.21% = $1.80787 million
Total interest available to 'A' tranche = $0.93825 million + $1.80787 million = $2.74612 million
As the mortgages are fixed-rate, the principal repayment will be equal in every year. Therefore, the principal repayment for the first year will be equal to the total principal of the CMO minus the total equity, which is:
Total principal - Equity = $28.9 million + $34.7 million - $4.7 million = $58.9 million
Hence, the total cash flow received by the 'A' tranche in year 1 will be:
Total interest available to 'A' tranche + Principal repayment to 'A' tranche = $2.74612 million + ($28.9 million / 3) = $2.74612 million + $9.63333 million = $12.37945 million
Therefore, the answer is $12.37945 million.
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The Buying Process is rather simple with few, perhaps only one person involved in the process.
a. Business to Business Marketing
b. Business to Consumer Marketing
c. Neither
In B2B marketing, the buying process typically involves multiple decision-makers and stakeholders within the organization. Therefore, the buying process is usually more complex and requires a greater level of communication and relationship-building between the seller and the buyer. In contrast, in B2C marketing, the buying process can often be simpler with fewer decision-makers involved.
In many cases, especially in business-to-business (B2B) transactions, the buying process involves multiple stakeholders with different roles and responsibilities, such as decision-makers, influencers, and end-users. The buying process may also involve various stages, including problem recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase decision, and post-purchase evaluation.
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Watters Umbrella Corp. issued 15-year bonds 2 years ago at a coupon rate of 8 percent. The bonds make semiannual payments. If these bonds currently sell for 115 percent of par value, what is the YTM?
The yield to maturity (YTM) on the 15-year bonds issued by Watters Umbrella Corp. can be calculated by using the current market price of the bonds and the coupon rate. Since the bonds make semiannual payments, the coupon rate can be divided by two to get the semiannual coupon payment.
First, we need to calculate the semiannual coupon payment which is 8% / 2 = 4%. Next, we need to find the present value of the semiannual coupon payments and the principal payment using the YTM.
Since the bonds are currently selling at 115% of par value, the price of each bond would be 1.15 x $1,000 = $1,150. We can use this price to calculate the YTM using a financial calculator or Excel's RATE function.
Assuming a face value of $1,000, a coupon rate of 4%, 30 payments (15 years x 2 payments per year), and a present value of -$1,150 (since it's the cash outflow), we get a YTM of approximately 3.5%. Therefore, the YTM for Watters Umbrella Corp.'s 15-year bonds is approximately 3.5%.
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As a fresh graduate from the Master of Finance and Accounting, you have just been employed in a very reputable organization. The company is contemplating whether to rent a house or buy an outright house for people of your calibre to be used as an official resident for your position as a finance director. If the company should rent a house, they would have to pay a monthly rent of US$2,500.00 to a real estate company. However, the same real estate company is selling a house of similar features to be paid for over 25 years. The cost of the house is US$350,000. The company require a down payment of 25% of the total sum require before it would seal the deal for the company to own the house forever. The company has also realized that if it buys a piece of land in Ghana, it could build such as a house which may cost at least 20% less the sum requires for this mortgage facility. However, the company is concerned about some issues surrounding the acquisition of properties in Ghana. Also, since the company is operating in Ghana, it is pricing its products in Ghana cedis but had to pay in dollars. A host of other considerations surrounding this deal has been discussed at the management level. As a finance director you are expected to provide expert advice to your company based on the following:
Requirements
a. Determine the monthly payment of the mortgage facility assuming that the interest rate on the loan is 8%.
b. Show a four monthly amortization schedule for this mortgage facility.
c. Based on your computation of the monthly mortgage repayment, advise whether the company should purchase the mortgage facility or pay rent forever?
d. What are the three challenges of mortgage acquisition in Ghana? e. Provide three ways government should do to make mortgage acquisition attractive in Ghana?
a. The monthly payment of the mortgage facility would be US$1,862.30 assuming an interest rate of 8% and a loan term of 25 years.
b. Month | Beginning Balance | Payment | Interest | Principal | Ending Balance
1 | $262,500.00 | $1,862.30 | $1,750.00 | $112.30 | $262,387.70
2 | $262,387.70 | $1,862.30 | $1,747.90 | $114.40 | $262,273.30
3 | $262,273.30 | $1,862.30 | $1,745.80 | $116.50 | $262,156.80
4 | $262,156.80 | $1,862.30 | $1,743.60 | $118.70 | $262,038.10
c. Based on the computation of the monthly mortgage repayment, it may be financially beneficial for the company to purchase the house instead of paying rent forever. However, other factors such as the availability of funds for the down payment and the company's long-term plans should also be considered.
d. Three challenges of mortgage acquisition in Ghana include high-interest rates, difficulty in obtaining financing, and lack of transparency in the real estate sector.
e. To make mortgage acquisition more attractive in Ghana, the government should consider implementing policies such as reducing interest rates, providing incentives for mortgage lenders, and improving transparency in the real estate sector.
Additionally, the government could also consider introducing affordable housing schemes to help low and middle-income earners own homes.
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problem 15-01 given the following information concerning a convertible bond: principal: $1,000 coupon: 5 percent maturity: 17 years call price: $1,050 conversion price: $37 (that is, 27 shares) market price of the common stock: $31 market price of the bond: $1,030 what is the current yield of this bond? round your answer to two decimal places. % what is the value of the bond based on the market price of the common stock? use the given above number of shares into which the bond may be converted. round your answer to the nearest dollar. $ what is the value of the common stock based on the market price of the bond? use the given above number of shares into which the bond may be converted. round your answer to the nearest cent. $ what is the premium in terms of stock that the investor pays when he or she purchases the convertible bond instead of the stock? round your answer to the nearest dollar. $ nonconvertible bonds are selling with a yield to maturity of 7 percent. if this bond lacked the conversion feature, what would the approximate price of the bond be? assume that the bond pays interest annually. use appendix b and appendix d to answer the question. round your answer to the nearest dollar. $ what is the premium in terms of debt that the investor pays when he or she purchases the convertible bond instead of a nonconvertible bond? round your answer to the nearest dollar. $ what is the probability that the corporation will call this bond? since the price of the stock is -select- than the exercise price of the bond, the probability of the bond being called is -select- .
a. The current yield of the bond is 4.85%.
b. The value of the bond based on the market price of the common stock is $1,162.
c. The value of the common stock based on the market price of the bond is $33.
d. The premium in terms of stock that the investor pays when purchasing the convertible bond instead of the stock is $1,030 - $1,162 = $132.
e. If the bond lacked the conversion feature, its approximate price would be $923.
f. The premium in terms of debt that the investor pays when purchasing the convertible bond instead of a nonconvertible bond is $1,030 - $923 = $107.
g. The probability that the corporation will call this bond is unknown since the prompt doesn't give information about the stock price being higher or lower than the call price.
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Discuss about how improving the fund raising measures at a
future non-profit.
There are various strategies for improving fund raising measures at a future non-profit, such as diversifying the donor base, expanding the scope of fundraising activities, and improving donor engagement.
One effective approach is to diversify the donor base by targeting individuals, foundations, corporations, and government agencies that are interested in supporting the non-profit's mission. This can be done through networking, outreach, and marketing campaigns that highlight the organization's impact and accomplishments.
Expanding the scope of fundraising activities can also help to increase donations. This can include hosting events, creating online campaigns, or partnering with other organizations to raise awareness and funds for the non-profit's cause.
In addition, improving donor engagement is critical for building long-term relationships and securing recurring donations. This can be achieved by creating personalized communication and marketing strategies that demonstrate the impact of donations and offer opportunities for involvement and feedback.
Ultimately, improving fund raising measures at a future non-profit requires a strategic and integrated approach that prioritizes relationship-building, donor engagement, and diversification of funding sources. By implementing these strategies, the non-profit can increase its financial stability and make a greater impact on its mission.
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___________ occurs when a supervisor earns less than his or her subordinates
a) Role conflict
b) Role ambiguity
c) status incongruence
d) informal status
The "status incongruence" occurs when a supervisor earns less than his or her subordinates. The correct option is C.
Status incongruence is a term used to describe a situation where an individual's position or rank within a social hierarchy is incongruent or inconsistent with their income, power or prestige.
In the workplace, the supervisor earns less than subordinates, that can lead to low job satisfaction, low morale, and decreased productivity. There are several supervisor role like counselor, director, and sponsor.
Therefore, the correct option is C, which is status incongruence.
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If you found a well-diversified portfolio with a negative alpha, what could be done to exploit this mispricing?
a. Sell short the well-diversified portfolio
b. Buy the well-diversified portfolio
c. Sell short the well-diversified portfolio and buy a tracking portfolio with the same beta
d. Buy the well-diversified portfolio and sell a tracking portfolio with the same beta
The correct answer is option A: Sell short the well-diversified portfolio.
If a well-diversified portfolio has a negative alpha, it means that it is underperforming relative to its expected return based on its level of risk. This suggests that there may be a mispricing in the market that is causing the portfolio to be undervalued.
By selling short the well-diversified portfolio, an investor can profit from its expected decline in value. This strategy involves borrowing shares of the portfolio from a broker, selling them on the market, and then buying them back later at a lower price to return to the broker. The investor would then make a profit on the difference between the sale price and the buyback price.
It is important to note that selling short involves significant risk, as there is no limit to the potential loss if the price of the portfolio rises instead of falling. Therefore, it is important for investors to carefully consider their risk tolerance and financial goals before pursuing this strategy.
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