Answer:
5. Each three nucleotides in the gene template DNA codes for a three nucleotide codon in mRNA.
2. Each codon in mRNA codes for a specific amino acid.
1. The codon sequence in mRNA determines the amino acid sequence in a polypeptide.
3. The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide determines how the protein will fold and possibly bind with other polypeptides to form a mature protein.
4. The final structure of a protein determines its function.
Explanation:
The process of gene expression follows the central dogma of biology I.e. Gene (DNA) --> mRNA ---> Protein. The process of gene forming mRNA is called transcription while the process of mRNA forming protein is called translation.
Based on this, the order of the flow of information from the DNA sequence to a functional protein is:
- Each three nucleotides in the gene template DNA codes for a three nucleotide codon in mRNA (transcription).
- Each codon in mRNA codes for a specific amino acid.
- The codon sequence in mRNA determines the amino acid sequence in a polypeptide (translation).
- The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide determines how the protein will fold and possibly bind with other polypeptides to form a mature protein.
- The final structure of a proteiin determines its function.
The order is 'three nucleotides in DNA codes for a codon', 'each codon codes an amino acid', 'codon sequence determine amino acid sequence', 'amino acids determine protein folding' and 'final protein structure determines its function'.
During gene transcription, a fragment of DNA referred to as 'gene' is used as a template to create an mRNA, which is then used to synthesize a polypeptide.
The triplets of nucleotides or 'codons' in the mRNA sequence determine the amino acid sequence in the nascent polypeptide chain.
The synthesized protein is then folded in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and thus adopts its three-dimensional (3D) conformation.
Protein folding is achieved by specific proteins called chaperones that help to correctly fold the protein, which adopts a mature conformational active state.
In conclusion, the order is 'three nucleotides in DNA codes for a codon', 'each codon codes an amino acid', 'codon sequence determine amino acid sequence', 'amino acids determine protein folding' and 'final protein structure determines its function' (order 52134).
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What happens to the actin and myosin during a muscle contraction?
Answer:
Once the myosin-binding sites are exposed, and if sufficient ATP is present, myosin binds to actin to begin cross-bridge cycling. Then the sarcomere shortens and the muscle contracts. In the absence of calcium, this binding does not occur, so the presence of free calcium is an important regulator of muscle contraction.
Suppose we stock a pond with 100 fish and note that the population doubles in the first year (with no harvesting), but after a number of years, the population stabilizes at what we think must be the carrying capacity of the pond: 2,000 fish. Growth seems to have followed a logistic curve. a. What population size should be maintained to achieve maximum yield, and what would be the maximum sustainable fish yield? b. If the population is maintained at 1,500 fish, what would be the sustainable yield?
Answer:
Explanation:
From the given information,
The first process is to determine the initial growth rate by using the formula:
[tex]R_o = \dfrac{In(2)}{t_d}[/tex]
where;
The initial growth rate(constant) = [tex]R_o[/tex] ; &
the doubling time = [tex]t_d[/tex] = 1 year
[tex]R_o = \dfrac{In(2)}{1 \ year}[/tex]
[tex]R_o[/tex] = 0.693 / year
Now, we move up to the net stage to find the growth constant by using the formula:
[tex]r = \dfrac{R_o}{(1 - \dfrac{N_o}{K})}[/tex]
where;
[tex]N_o[/tex] = population of fish in the pond = 100
[tex]R_o[/tex] = The initial growth rate(constant) = 0.693 /year
K = carrying capacity = 2000
Then;
[tex]r = \dfrac{0.693 \ /year }{(1 - \dfrac{100}{2000})}[/tex]
[tex]r = \dfrac{0.693 \ /year }{(1 - 0.05)}[/tex]
[tex]r = \dfrac{0.693 \ /year }{(0.95)}[/tex]
r = 0.730 / year
a)
Now, the maximum yield can be evaluated by using the expression:
[tex]= \dfrac{rk}{4}[/tex]
[tex]= \dfrac{0.730 \times 2000}{4}[/tex]
= 365 fish per year
Also, the maximum sustainable yield is said to be half of the carrying capacity suppose that the population growth obeys logistic curve;
i.e.
[tex]N' = \dfrac{1}{2} \times 2000[/tex]
N' = 1000 fish
b)
If the population is maintained at 1500 fish;
The sustainable yield can be calculated by using the formula:
The Sustainable yield = [tex]r\times N (1 - \dfrac{N}{K})[/tex]
The Sustainable yield = [tex](0.730/ year ) (1500) (1 - \dfrac{1500}{2000})[/tex]
The Sustainable yield = 1095 × 0.25
The Sustainable yield = 273.75 fish per year
The Sustainable yield ≅ 274 fish per year
Population size should be maintained to achieve maximum yield and Sustainable yield if population is maintained at 1,500 fish are 364.7 , 273.525 fish per year
Sustainable yield:Given that;
Stock in start = 100 fish
Double in 1 year
Capacity of pond = 2000 fish
Find:
Population size should be maintained to achieve maximum yield
Sustainable yield if population is maintained at 1,500 fish
Computation:
Growth rate = ln₂ / 1
Growth rate = 0.693 per year
With no growth constraint r = [tex]\frac{0.693}{1-\frac{100}{2000} }[/tex]
With no growth constraint r = 0.7294 per year
A. Population size should be maintained to achieve maximum yield = [tex]\frac{0.7294 \times 2000}{4}[/tex]
Population size should be maintained to achieve maximum yield = 364.7 fish per year
B. Sustainable yield if population is maintained at 1,500 fish = [tex][(0.7294))(1500)][1-\frac{1500}{2000} ][/tex]
Sustainable yield if population is maintained at 1,500 fish = 273.525 fish per year
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If a mutation occurred resulting in a single nucleotide addition to the below DNA sequence, what do you suspect would happen?
An 8 year old girl is brought to your office by her mother, who tells you that the girl has been complaining of a sore throat for 3 days. Thinking that the girl was developing a cold, she kept her daughter home from school with the hope that she would get better. She has become worse in the past day, however, developing a fever of 103 degrees F, a headache, and complaining of abdominal pain. As you examine her throat, you see that in addition to red and enlarged tonsils, that there are white patches on them, and that there are swollen lymph glands on both sides of her neck.
Answer:
she has Strep throat or something like that
Explanation:
the Severity of strep throat can vary from person-to-person. The common symptoms are as follows:
Sudden high fever
Mild soreness in throat
Redness in throat with white patches
Headache
Chills
Loss of appetite
Cervical lymphadenopathy (swollen lymph nodes in the neck)
Swollen tonsils
Difficulty in swallowing food or water
Pain when swallowing
Nausea and vomiting is seen in younger children
Answer: Acute otitis media.
Explanation: This question is based on the opening section of Pirozzo and Del Mar (2001). They specifically say that "Acute otitis media is a disease of infancy and early childhood defined by the presence of inflammation and fluid in the middle ear and accompanied by at least 1 sign of acute illness." You can find more information here: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1275975/
Select the correct answer.
Which statement about the scientific method is true?
A.
Opinions can be scientifically tested.
B.
Scientific theories are tentative and change as new data emerges.
C.
Hypotheses can be proved through experimentation.
D.
Facts can be scientifically tested.
it's D but I might be wrong
Answer:
C
Explanation:
In science, a hypothesis is an idea or explanation that you then test through study and experimentation. Outside science, a theory or guess can also be called a hypothesis.
Many scientists start with this as a need you make a prediction and base it around your experiment to prove your correct.
Hope this helped
(It could also be D but I'm more positive on C)
Explain how photosynthesis and cellular respiration work together.
Answer:
photosynthesis converts carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose. Glucose is used as food by the plant and oxygen is a by-product. Cellular respiration converts oxygen and glucose into water and carbon dioxide. Water and carbon dioxide are by- products and ATP is energy that is transformed from the process.
One factor that determines the amount of oxygen transferred from the lungs to the blood is
the total functional surface area of the respiratory membrane.
O True
O False
Answer:
true
Explanation:
What was the result of using drainage blocks to keep water in the field level during the growing season?
Answer:
This question is incomplete
Explanation:
This question is incomplete. However, it should be noted that the idea of blocking the drainage, which could cause waterlogging (since the water will not be able to leave the field), is a type of irrigation that ensures there is sufficient amount of water for the plants to grow during a growing season. Although, some plants do not grow well in environments like this (in the case of waterlogging) because this environment lowers oxygen level in the root o the plant (caused by the water at the top of the soil).
Veterinarians who specialize in birds are often referred to as herp veterinarians.
(True)
(False)
Answer:
false
Explanation:
quizlet said so
Answer:
FALSE
Explanation:
Which of the following is most likely to be an energy source for the cells of a living thing?
А. DNA
B. enzymes
С. disaccharide
D. amino acids
The most likely to be an energy source for the cells of a living thing is a disaccharide (Option C).
A disaccharide is a carbohydrate composed of two monosaccharide units.
Cellular respiration refers to a series of metabolic reactions by which cells produce ATP, the energy coin of the cell.
Monosaccharides (e.g., glucose) represent the main source of energy used by cells during cellular respiration.
In conclusion, the most likely to be an energy source for the cells of a living thing is a disaccharide (Option C).
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octopus and squid have chemoreceptors on their
Answer:
tentacles
Explanation:
hope this helps :]
Answer:
octopus have chemoreceptors in the epidermis
Explanation:
hope this helps a little
what is the difference between the spermatozoon and spermatogonium?
Answer:
Sperms are the male gametes produced in the seminiferous tubules of the testes. The main difference between spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis is that spermatogenesis is the formation of sperm cells whereas spermiogenesis is the maturation of the spermatids into sperm cells.
Pls give Brainliest!!
Genetics is the study of genes and their inheritance.
True or False
Answer: I thinks it’s true.
Explanation:
Answer:
True.
Explanation:
The largest mass extinction was in the
a. Precambrian time.
b. Cenozoic era.
C. Paleozoic era.
d. Mesozoic era.
Answer:
♡ hi fairy ♡
- Mesozoic, I just learned about this! it's so sad but it did help our society.
have a great day! hope i could help.
~madeline
✧･ﾟ: *✧･ﾟ:･ﾟ✧*:･ﾟ✧･ﾟ: *✧･ﾟ:･ﾟ✧*:･ﾟ✧
Explanation:
The largest mass extinction was in the: C. Paleozoic era.
The Paleozoic era is simply referred to as the earliest time of the three (3) geologic eras during the Phanerozoic era.
Generally, there are six (6) geologic periods in the Paleozoic era and they are listed from the youngest to oldest as;
The Permian.The Carboniferous.The Devonian.The Silurian.The Ordovician.The Cambrian.Some of the activities that took place between the start and end of the Paleozoic era time scale include;
I. In the early period of the Paleozoic era (The Cambrian), there were marine living organisms called phyla.
II. During the Paleozoic era, volcanic activities were experienced.
III. The Paleozoic era was prone to erosion and deposition of marine fossils.
IV. Lastly, the Paleozoic era was characterized by the largest mass extinction.
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What causes the differences in physical characteristics like hair color among people?
different versions of genes
variations in DNA length
different numbers of chromosomes
variations in cell nucleus size
Answer:
The answer is A. different versions of genes
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Different versions of genes
This part of the respiratory system prevents food from entering your trachea.
A. Mouth
B. Epiglottis
C. Bronchioles
D. Nose
Answer:
the answer is epiglottis in the respiratory system
report about Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and example
Answer:
reduce is reducing the amount of plastic we use reuse is reusing a plastic item for something else recycle is convert into a new material hope this helps!
Explanation:
how do you think the system used to organized where people live is similar to how your body is organized?
In rigor mortis, muscle tissue becomes locked in position because myosin heads are tightly attached to neighboring actin thin filaments. This lock-up is prevented in living muscle because ordinarily myosin is rapidly displaced from the thin filament by:_________.A. binding of a new molecule of ATP B. hydrolysis of ATP C. release of ADP after ATP hydrolysis D. release of phosphate after ATP hyrdolysis
Answer:
The correct answer is option A. binding of a new molecule of ATP.
Explanation:
Actin and myosin are complementary filaments present in muscle, actin is thin and myosin is a thick filament, these two filaments are responsible for the movement by muscle contraction and relaxation. Actin and myosin head shows great affinity towards one another.
Myosin heads are tightly attached to neighboring actin thin filaments due to its affinity to actin, however, myosin at other pockets also show a huge affinity for ATP. If myosin is bound to actin the affinity for ATP is changed and if new ATP bounds to the empty pockets it changes the conformation of myosin and prevents lockup or binding of the actin-myosin protein.
T/F Cell theory was developed before the invention of the microscope.
A. True
B. False
i need help on this please ASAP
Answer:
What's the question? Its not written here
Answer:
Where is the question?
Explanation:
name one human hormone that is produced by genetically modified bacteria
Answer:
Insulin
Explanation:
I knew the answer, but I'm not really good at explaining these so I got a little help from google. -------- Bacterial cells can be genetically modified so that they have the gene for producing human insulin. As these modified bacteria grow, they produce human insulin.
How is the energy produced by respiration stored? (Googled answers will be reported) (actual answers please)
Answer: Energy is produced by respiration because its stored within the cells in the form of ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) .
Explanation:
I'm pretty sure that's it.
- Sorry if I'm wrong :<
How many hydrogen atoms are present in each water molecule?
A.
1
B.
3
C.
2
D.
4
Answer:
C. 2
Explanation:
Starting with the basic building blocks, which is the correct order of levels of organization of complex organisms?
A. organ systems --> cells --> tissues --> organs
B. cells --> tissues --> organs --> organ systems
C. tissues --> organs --> organ systems --> cells
D. organs --> organ systems --> cells --> tissues
Answer:
A
Explanation:
What causes this change in fur color?
The creation of different breeds of dog by humans is an example of...
A) stabilizing selection
B) disruptive selection
C) artificial selection
D) sexual selection
Answer:
I believe it is artificial selection
Explanation:
i learned about this a little while ago lol
please help me with this question:)
Answer:
Pokaryote is the right answer.
Answer:
C: Prokaryote
Explanation:
This is not an animal or plant cell
If a cell in G1 has 20 chromosomes, then at the end of meiosis I there will be _________ chromosomes in each daughter cell, and __________ sister chromatids in each daughter cell.
Answer:
10 chromosomes
20 chromatids
Explanation:
Meiosis is the process by which sexually reproducing organisms produce gametes for sexual reproduction. Meiosis, which reduces the chromosomal number of the parent cell by half, occurs in two stages namely: meiosis I and meiosis II.
Meiosis I is where the actual reduction in chromosomal number takes place because homologous chromosomes are separated in this stage. For example, a cell in G1 that has 20 chromosomes will have 10 chromosomes in each daughter cell at the end of meiosis I.
Since, DNA replication occurs in the S-phase, sister chromatids are formed for each chromosome. Hence, there would be 20 sister chromatids joined together by a centromere at the end of meiosis I.
ATG AATTCTCAATTACCT
TACTTAA GAGTTAATGGA
How many pieces of DNA would result from this cut