Spiral fracture of bone: Spiral fracture of bone occurs due to twisting of the limb, and is a very common skiing accident. The fracture plane is helical, and is very difficult to heal. Mechanically, it occurs due to an applied torsion load on the bone. Recall that a state of pure shear occurs within the material when torsion is applied on a cylinder, and the bone can be idealized as a cylinder. Let a femur bone be subjected to a torque of T 50 N-m. Assume body weight of the person to be W- 80 Kgs, while each leg is subjected to half of that weight. Given radius of the bone r 10 mm. Compute the principal stresses and shear stresses, as well as orientation of planes on which these stresses are realized.
Answers
Answer:
principal stresses :б1 = 32.62mPa б2 = 31.38mPa
Max Shear stress : 16.31 mPa
Orientation of max principle plane = 44.43°
Orientation of minimum principal plane = 134.43°
Explanation:
Given data:
Torque = 50 N-m
weight = 80 kgs
half of weight is subjected to each leg
radius of bone = 10 mm = 0.010 m
a) Determine the principal stresses and shear stress
first calculate the max shear stress ( this will occur in the outermost element
= 16T / π*d^3 where : T = 50 , d = 0.020 m
hence max shear stress = 32 mPa
next determine compressive stress
= ( 40*g) / π/4*d^2 . where : d = 0.020 m , g = 9.81
hence compressive stress = 1.24 mPa
draw and calculate the radius of Mohr's circle
radius of Mohr's circle = 32.0060
Hence principal stresses = 32.0060 ± 0.62
б1 = 32.62mPa
б2 = 31.38mPa
attached below is the remaining part of the solution
Related Questions
what the answer for this question ?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
It is better to say “It is correct.” The word THIS is a demonstrative pronoun. The word THIS should be used to point out or to indicate the things. The word CORRECT is an abstract noun therefore it can not be pointed out this is why it is better to say IT IS CORRECT.
The light waves transfer their oscillations and energy to other object in what way?
The frequency of the light waves physically causes the object to move
The energy of the light wave transfers to the electrons of the material which causes them to gain that energy
The wavelength of the light changes the velocity of the atoms in the material
The amplitude of the light will affect how much of it shines on the object
Answers
Answer: b the energy of light...
Explanation:
Tarnish is produced by a redox reaction that occurs when a metal reacts with
a nonmetallic compound. The green tarnish on a copper penny might be
produced by a reaction between copper and hydrogen sulfide. What occurs
during this reaction?
A. Hydrogen sulfide acts as an acid, and copper acts as a base.
B. Copper atoms gain electrons from sulfur atoms.
C. A double-replacement reaction takes place.
D. Copper atoms lose electrons to sulfur atoms.
Answers
Answer:
Copper atoms lose electrons to sulfur atoms
Explanation:
a p e x (:
Suppose that a particle accelerator is used to move two beams of particles in opposite directions. In a particular region, electrons move to the right at 4910 m/s and protons move to the left at 2583 m/s. The particles are evenly spaced with 0.0758 m between electrons and 0.0577 m between protons. Assuming that there are no collisions and that the interactions between the particles are negligible, what is the magnitude of the average current in this region
Answers
Answer:
The answer is "[tex]17.28 \times 10^{-14}\ A[/tex]"
Explanation:
Calculating the number of electrons passing in per second:
[tex]\to n_e = \frac{4910}{0.0758} = 6.4 \times 10^5[/tex]
Calculating the current in electron:
[tex]\to I_e = 6.4 \times 10^5 \times 1.6 \times 10^{-19} = 10.24 \times 10^{-14}\ A[/tex]
Calculating the number of protons passing in per second:
[tex]\to n_p = \frac{2583}{0.0577} = 4.4 \times 10^{4}[/tex]
Calculating the current in proton:
[tex]\to I_p = 4.4 \times 10^{4} \times 1.6 x 10^{-19} = 7.04 \times 10^{-14} \ A[/tex]
Calculating the total current:
[tex]\to I = I_p + I_e = 17.28 \times 10^{-14}\ A[/tex]
What is the wavelength associated with 0.113kg ball traveling with velocity of 43 m/s?
Answers
Answer:
Wavelength = 1.36 * 10^{-34} meters
Explanation:
Given the following data;
Mass = 0.113 kg
Velocity = 43 m/s
To find the wavelength, we would use the De Broglie's wave equation.
Mathematically, it is given by the formula;
[tex] Wavelength = \frac {h}{mv} [/tex]
Where;
h represents Planck’s constant.
m represents the mass of the particle.
v represents the velocity of the particle.
We know that Planck’s constant = 6.6262 * 10^{-34} Js
Substituting into the formula, we have;
[tex] Wavelength = \frac {6.6262 * 10^{-34}}{0.113*43} [/tex]
[tex] Wavelength = \frac {6.6262 * 10^{-34}}{4.859} [/tex]
Wavelength = 1.36 * 10^{-34} meters
A chain is wrapped around pulley and pulled with a force of
16.0N .The pulley has a radius of 0.20 m. The pulley's rotational
speed increases from 0.0 to 17.0 rev/min in 5.00s What is the moment
of inertia of Pulley?
Answers
The moment of inertia of Pulley is 8.89 kgm².
Angular acceleration of the pulleyThe angular acceleration of the pulley is calculated as follows;
[tex]\alpha = \frac{\omega_f - \omega _i}{t}[/tex]
where;
ωi is the initial angular velocity = 0 ωf is the final angular velocity = 17 rev/mint is the time of motionFinal angular velocity in radian per second is calculated as
[tex]\omega _f = 17 \frac{rev}{\min} \times \frac{2\pi \ rad}{1 \ rev} \times \frac{1\min}{60 \ s} = 1.78 \ rad/s[/tex]
Now, solve for angular acceleration
[tex]\alpha = \frac{1.78-0}{5} \\\\\alpha = 0.36 \ rad/s^2[/tex]
Moment of inertia of the pulleyThe the moment of inertia of Pulley is determined using the formula for torque.
Iα = Fr
I = Fr/α
I = (16 x 0.2)/(0.36)
I = 8.89 kgm²
Thus, the moment of inertia of Pulley is 8.89 kgm².
Learn more about moment of inertia here: https://brainly.com/question/25803184
how much work is done in accelerating a 2000 kg car from rest to a speed of 30 m/s?
Answers
1
2
m
v
2
.
The initial KE of the car is 12(1000)×202=200,000
1
2
(
1000
)
×
20
2
=
200
,
000
joules.
The final KE of the car is 12(1000)×302=450,000
1
2
(
1000
)
×
30
2
=
450
,
000
joules.
The difference between these is the amount of work done: 450,000−200,000=250,000
450
,
000
−
200
,
000
=
250
,
000
joules.
14.2K viewsView upvotes
20
3
How are rainbows made?
Answers
Answer:
when it rains and at the same time it sunny there would appear a rainbow
After graduation, you face a choice. You can work for a multinational consulting firm and earn a starting salary (including benefits) of $40,000, or you can start your own consulting firm using $5,000 of your own savings. If you keep your money in a savings account, you can earn an interest rate of 7 percent. You choose to start your own consulting firm. At the end of the first year, you add up all of your expenses and revenues. Your expenses include $14,000 for rent, $1,000 for office supplies, $24,000 for labor, and $4,500 for telephone expenses. After operating your consulting firm for a year, your total revenues are $88,000.
Required:
What are your total explicit cost and total implicit costs?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Money is used to cover the explicit cost. They're what we're used to seeing, and they're easy to identify. There are several classifications for explicit costs; we can distinguish between fixed and variable costs, as well as direct and indirect costs. Raw materials, manpower, indirect production costs, and so on are all factors that contribute to its expense.
The opportunity cost of using a resource is the amount of money paying for it that might have been used on something else.
Alternative benefit options or money that we miss earning by doing such business acts are referred to as opportunity costs.
When a corporation foregoes an alternative action but does not make a bill, it incurs implicit costs. These are a company's hidden costs:
1. The use of the firm's own funds (money or assets).
2. The owner's capital, savings, and financial services are used.
From the given information:
The total explicit cost = Rent + office supplies + office staff + telephone expense
=$( 14000 + 1000 + 24000 + 4500)
= $43500
The total implicit cost = forgone salary + forgone interest
= $40000 + 7% of $5000
= $40000 + 350
=$40350
Ali is sitting on the chair, identify the forces acting on him.
Answers
A string with a length of 0.75 m is fixed at both ends. (a) What is the longest possible wavelength for the traveling waves that can interfere to form a standing wave on this string? (b) If waves travel with a speed of 130 m/s on this string, what is the frequency associated with this longest wavelength?
Answers
Answer:
a) Longest wavelength is: [tex]\lambda_{1}=2*0.75=1.5\: m[/tex]
b) The frequency associated with this longest wavelength is: [tex]f=86.7\: Hz[/tex]
Explanation:
a)
The wavelength equation of a standing wave is given by:
[tex]\lambda_{n}=\frac{2}{n}L[/tex]
Where:
L is the length of the stringn is a natural numberWe use n=1 to find the longest possible wavelength, so we will have:
[tex]\lambda_{1}=2L[/tex]
[tex]\lambda_{1}=2*0.75=1.5\: m[/tex]
b)
The speed of the wave is given by:
[tex]v=f\lambda[/tex]
So we just need to find the f (frequency).
[tex]f=\frac{v}{\lambda}[/tex]
[tex]f=\frac{130}{1.5}[/tex]
[tex]f=86.7\: Hz[/tex]
I hope it helps you!
A sinusoidal electromagnetic wave is propagating in a vacuum in the z-direction. Part A If at a particular instant and at a certain point in space the electric field is in the x-direction and has a magnitude of 4.70 V/mV/m, what is the magnitude of the magnetic field of the wave at this same point in space and instant in time
Answers
Answer:
the magnitude of the magnetic field is 1.23 × 10⁻⁸ T { in the +y direction }
Explanation:
Given the data in the question;
the relation between the electric field and the magnetic field in an electromagnetic wave can be written as follows;
c = E₀/B₀
where c is speed of light, E₀ is the amplitude of the electric field and B₀ is the amplitude of the magnetic field.
given that; E₀ = 4.70 V/m, we know that; speed of light c = 3 × 10⁸ m/s
so from our relation; c = E₀/B₀
B₀ = E₀/c
we substitute
B₀ = 4.70 / 3 × 10⁸
B₀ = 1.23 × 10⁻⁸ T { in the +y direction }
Therefore, the magnitude of the magnetic field is 1.23 × 10⁻⁸ T { in the +y direction }
space question 50 points
Explain how sun angle and seasons vary as you move away from the equator.
Answers
Seasonal change in the angle of sunlight, caused by the tilt of the Earth's axis, is the basic mechanism that results both in warmth of the weather and in length of the day.
How much current is drawn by a television
with a resistance of 43 Ω that is connected
across a potential difference of 112 V?
Answer in units of A.
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
v = ir
v/r = i
112/43 = i
2.60 ≈ i
Calculate the height of a cliff if it takes 2.35s for a rock to hit the ground when it is thrown straight up from the cliff with a initial velocity 8m/s.
Answers
Answer:
y₀ = 10.625 m
Explanation:
For this exercise we will use the kinematic relations, where the upward direction is positive.
y = y₀ + v₀ t - ½ g t²
in the exercise they indicate the initial velocity v₀ = 8 m / s.
when the rock reaches the ground its height is zero
0 = y₀ + v₀ t - ½ g t²
y₀i = -v₀ t + ½ g t²
let's calculate
y₀ = - 8 2.5 + ½ 9.8 2.5²
y₀ = 10.625 m
5. What do depression and asthma have in common?
a. Both are mood disorders
b. Both affect the same organs
c. Both have similar symptoms
d. Both can be treated
Answers
Answer:
a. Both are mood disorders
Explanation:
Depression and asthma are common comorbid diseases and mood disorders in patients with asthma are associated with poor asthma outcomes such as decreased lung function, more frequent emergency department visits and reduced quality of life
There is a current of 0.83 A through a light bulb in a 120.0v circuit. What is the
resistance of the light bulb?
Answers
Answer:
144.6ohms
Explanation:
v=IR
R =V/I=120/0.83
R=144.6
state the Newton 2nd law of motion and also prove that F= ma
Answers
Explanation:
F = ma is the formula of Newton's Second Law of Motion. Newton's Second Law of Motion is defined as Force is equal to the rate of change of momentum. For a constant mass, force equals mass times acceleration.
...
Which of the following is an example of a noncontrolled substance?
A. Sleeping pills
B. Coffee
C. Pain medications
D. Cough medications
SUBMIT
Answers
An example of noncontrolled substance from the option is Cough medications.
What are Noncontrolled substances?Noncontrolled substances are substances that are prescribed by medical personnel or pharmaceutical professionals for treatment of a disorder or ailments that is affecting a person.
Noncontrolled substances include medications that are majorly prescribed for treatment of medical conditions like high blood pressure, diabetes, and bacterial infections.
Therefore, An example of noncontrolled substance from the option is Cough medications.
Learn more about noncontrolled substances below.
https://brainly.com/question/5349491
Find the current passing through each of the 3 resistors connected parallel to each other as shown in the figure (i1, i2, I3). Show your actions clearly.
Answers
Answer:
I1 = ε/R1
I2 = ε/R2
I3 = ε/R3
Explanation:
From the image, we see that the resistors are connected in parallel. This means that the voltage passing through them is the same.
Now, formula for current is; I = V/R
In this case, V which is voltage is denoted by ε.
Thus;
I1 = ε/R1
I2 = ε/R2
I3 = ε/R3
A long, uninsulated steam line with a diameter of 89 mm and a surface emissivity of 0.8 transports steam at 200C and is exposed to atmospheric air and large surroundings at an equivalent temperature of 20C. (a) Calculate the heat loss per unit length for a calm day. (b) Calculate the heat loss on a breezy day when the wind speed is 8 m/s. (c) For the conditions of part (a), calculate the heat loss with a 20-mm-thick layer of insulation (k 0.08 W/m K). Would the heat loss change significantly with an appreciable wind speed
Answers
Answer:
[tex]Q_net=534.67\frac{w}{m}[/tex]
Explanation:
From the question we are told that:
Steam line diameter [tex]D=89mm \approx 0.089m[/tex]
Surface emissivity [tex]\mu=0.8[/tex]
Steam temp [tex]T_s=200\textdegree C \approx 200+273=473k[/tex]
Surrounding temp [tex]T_a=20 \textdegree C \aprrox 20+273= 293k[/tex]
Generally the equation for heat loss per unit length due to radiation [tex]Q_{net}[/tex] is mathematically given by
[tex]Q_net=\sigma*\mu>(\pi *d)*(T_s^4-T_a^4)[/tex]
[tex]Q_net=5.6*10^8*0.8*(\pi *0.089)*(473^4-293^4)[/tex]
[tex]Q_net=534.67\frac{w}{m}[/tex]
9
A canoe with a mass of 120 kg is floating downriver at a speed of 2.5 m/s. What is the canoe's kinetic eergy?
Answers
Answer:
K.E. = ½ × mv²
= ½ × 120 × (2.5)²
= 60 × 6.25
= 375 J
imagine a single charge creating an electric field. what is the relationship between electric field strength and the distance from the charge?
a. direct
b. inverse
c. inverse squared
d. indirect
Answers
Answer:
b. inverse
Explanation:
[tex]E = \frac{V}{d} \\ d \: is \: the \: distance \\ [/tex]
if you travel at a constant velocity what happens to the time it takes to travel you need to travel a longer distance ?
Answers
An object is placed in front of a thin converging lens of focal length 12 cm. The image of the object is upright and 2.5 times as tall as the actual object. What is the distance of the object to the lens?
7.2 cm
6.0 cm
4.2 cm
15 cm
Answers
The distance of the object to the lens will be a) 7.2 cm
What is focal length?The distance between the convex lens or a concave mirror and the focal point of a lens or mirror is called the focal length. It is the point where parallel rays of light meet or converge.
magnification (m) = h(image )/ h(object ) = image distance / object distance
given
h(image ) = 2.5 * h(object)
m = 2.5 * h(object) / h(object ) = 2.5
2.5 = image distance / object distance
2.5 = v / u
v = 2.5 u
using lens formula
given
focal length (f) = + 12cm
1/v - 1/u = 1/focal length
1/2.5 u - 1/u = 1/12
u = - 7.2 cm
correct option a)7.2 cm
To learn more about focal length here
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An old shade-tree mechanic trick for removing a stubborn bolt is to slip a long pipe over the handle of the wrench, then apply a force to the end of the pipe opposite the bolt.
Why is this effective? What problems might this technique cause?
Answers
Answer: long pipe is used to increase torque and reduce force needed.
Explanation: A torque is needed to open bolt. torque = F·r, if
R increases, Force F needed to open bold is smaller.
Problem is a worn bolt may break down. It sometimes I send useful to heat bolt instead using too much power.
Mu
wann-A
Very Short Answer Type Questions
1. Name the nutrients present in our food which give mainly energy to our body.
2. Name the nutrient which is needed for the growth and repair of our body. Proteins
3. Name the main carbohydrate which we eat in our food. I heat Rica maizes Pearl Potato
4. Which carbohydrate is present in wheat, rice and potatoes ? Plants
5. Name two foods each rich in (a) fats, and (b) starch. Batterheen
6. Name the major nutrients in our food.Combshed soles Fats Rooten mineral water Vitamin
7. Name the vitamin which is required for maintaining good eyesight Witamin A
8. Name the vitamin which keeps the teeth, gums and joints healthy, and helps fight diseases. 14
9. Name the vitamin which is necessary for the normal growth of bones and teeth Wermico
10. Which vitamin is produced in the human body when skin is exposed to sunlight ? uamu-D
11. Name the main vitamin present in (a) oranges, and (b) carrots. Worthing
12 Name an important mineral present in (a) apple, and (b) sea-fish.
13. Which mineral is needed to make haemoglobin present in our red blood cells.
14. In addition to calcium, which other mineral is needed for making bones and teeth ? (chum, Pha
15. Name a mineral which is needed for keeping bones and teeth healthy.
16. Which mineral is needed for the proper functioning of thyroid gland ?
17. Name two food materials which contain a lot of water. Fresh forest
18. Name the component of our food which helps prevent constipation. bulk oftend, wollte man
Vegetable
19. What is the other name of roughage? Dletary Abu
29Which component of food is mainly made of indigestible carbohydrate 'cellulose'?
21. The examples of carbohydrates are : sugar, cellulose, glucose and starch. Which of these carbohydrate
provides roughage in our food ?
22. Name two components of food which do not provide any nutrients.Cellulog
23. Fill in the following blank with a suitable word :
Iron is an important constituent of.........present in our blood. Hemoglobin
Short Answer Type Questions
24. What is the function of fats in our body? Name
Answers
2. blood and muscle cells
3. fructose, glucose, and lactose)
4. Fiber and protein
5. Avocados and potato
6. carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals.
7.vitamin A
8. Vitamin C
9.vitamin D
10. Vitamin D
11.vitamin C
12. calcium, potasium and phosphorus.
13. myoglobin and iron
14.Vitamin D
15.calcium
16.Lodine
17. Cucumber tomato
18. Fiber
19.dietary fibers
20.starch and sugars
21. I don’t know
22.roughaghe and water
a student throws a coin vertically downward frok the top of a building. the coin leaves the throwers hand with a speed of 15.0m/s. what is its speed after falling freely for 2.00s?
Answers
Answer:
Final speed after 2 seconds = 34.6 m/s
Explanation:
Given:
Initial speed of coin (u) = 15 m/s
Time taken = 2 seconds
Find:
Final speed after 2 seconds
Computation:
Gravitational acceleration of earth = 9.8 m/s²
Using first equation of motion;
v = u + at
or
v = u + gt
where,
v = final velocity
u = initial velocity
g = Gravitational acceleration
t = time taken
v = 15 + 9.8(2)
v = 15 + 19.6
Final speed after 2 seconds = 34.6 m/s
difference between centrifugal and semi-centrifugal clutches
Answers
Answer:
Semi-centrifugal clutches are used in high powered race cars, to reduce the driver effort. Working is just like semi-centrifugal clutch.
The clutch action is purely under centrifugal force.
At low engine rpm the centrifugal force is low, so there is slip, as engine rpm increases, so does the centrifugal force.
Which object orbits object E?
A
B
C
Or D
Answers
Answer:
its D I hope this helps you