Substantive procedures for examining the occurrence assertion for accounts payable involve procedures designed to ensure that all transactions recorded in the accounts payable system are valid and have taken place.
A) Selecting a sample of vouchers and agreeing them to authorized purchase orders is a substantive procedure which is used to ensure that all payments recorded in the accounts payable system are valid and have been authorized.
B) Selecting a sample of vouchers and tracing them to the purchases journal is a substantive procedure which is used to ensure that all payments recorded in the accounts payable system have been properly recorded in the accounting records
C) Comparing dates on vouchers to dates in the purchases journal is a substantive procedure which is used to ensure that all payments recorded in the accounts payable system have been properly dated in the accounting records.
D) Recomputing the mathematical accuracy of a sample of vendor invoices is a substantive procedure which is used to ensure that all payments recorded in the accounts payable system have been properly recorded and calculated in the accounting records.
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Earley Corporation issued perpetual preferred stock with a 10% annual dividend. The stock currently yields 6%, and its par value is $100. Round your answers to the nearest cent. a. What is the stock's value? $ b. Suppose interest rates rise and pull the preferred stock's yield up to 13%. What is its new market value?
a. The stock's value can be calculated as follows:
Dividend payment = 10% * $100 = $10
Yield = 6% = $6
Stock's value = Dividend payment / Yield = $10 / $6 = $166.67
Therefore, the stock's value is $166.67.
b. If the preferred stock's yield rises to 13%, its new market value can be calculated as follows:
Dividend payment = 10% * $100 = $10
Yield = 13% = $13
Stock's value = Dividend payment / Yield = $10 / $13 = $76.92
Therefore, the preferred stock's new market value would be $76.92.
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Why did the healthcare industry not historically viewcustomers or patients as consumers? Please support any answer youpost with references. thank you
Historically, the healthcare industry did not view patients as consumers because healthcare was considered a social good rather than a commodity.
Healthcare was traditionally viewed as a public service, provided by the government or charitable organizations to improve the health and well-being of the population.
In this model, patients were not viewed as consumers because they did not pay directly for the services they received. Instead, healthcare was funded through taxation or philanthropy, and provided based on medical need rather than ability to pay.
Furthermore, the paternalistic attitude of healthcare providers towards patients played a role in this as well. Doctors were seen as authority figures who made decisions for their patients, rather than partnering with them to make informed choices about their health.
This attitude changed in the latter half of the 20th century, as the rise of private health insurance and the growing cost of healthcare led to a shift towards a more consumer-driven model of healthcare.
Patients began to demand more choice and control over their healthcare decisions, leading to a greater emphasis on patient-centered care and the recognition of patients as consumers.
References:
Reinhardt, U. E. (2003). The healthcare industry: Understanding its structure, participants, and factors that affect its performance. Health economics, 12(3), 185-196.
Blendon, R. J., Benson, J. M., & Hero, J. O. (2016). Public opinion and health care quality measurement: A national survey. Health Affairs, 35(8), 1430-1435.
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43) a customer buying an unfamiliar product that carries a high degree of risk would most likely engage in what type of problem-solving?
A customer buying an unfamiliar product that carries a high degree of risk would most likely engage in extensive problem-solving.
Extensive problem-solving is a type of consumer decision-making process that occurs when the consumer has little or no experience with the product or service and perceives a high degree of risk associated with the purchase. The consumer will typically gather a significant amount of information, evaluate alternatives, and make a careful decision.
This type of problem-solving is more common for complex and expensive products that are purchased infrequently, such as a new car or a home. The marketer must provide the necessary information to the consumer to facilitate this process and provide reassurance that the product or service is the right choice.
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you find a zero coupon bond with a par value of $10,000 and 19 years to maturity. the yield to maturity on this bond is 4.1 percent. assume semiannual compounding periods. what is the dollar price of the bond
The dollar price of a zero coupon bond can be calculated using the present value formula, where the present value is the dollar price of the bond, the future value is the par value of the bond, the interest rate is the yield to maturity, and the number of periods is the total number of compounding periods until maturity.
Using the information given in the question, we know that the par value of the bond is $10,000 and the yield to maturity is 4.1 percent, which is equivalent to 0.041 when expressed as a decimal. The total number of compounding periods until maturity is 19 years multiplied by 2 since we are assuming semiannual compounding periods, which gives us 38 periods.
Using the present value formula, the dollar price of the bond is calculated as follows:
Present value = Future value / (1 + interest rate)^number of periods
Present value = $10,000 / (1 + 0.041/2)^38
Present value = $10,000 / (1.0205)^38
Present value = $10,000 / 1.9668
Present value = $5,075.43
Therefore, the dollar price of the zero coupon bond with a par value of $10,000 and 19 years to maturity and a yield to maturity of 4.1 percent, assuming semiannual compounding periods, is $5,075.43. This means that an investor can purchase the bond for $5,075.43 today and receive the par value of $10,000 at maturity in 19 years.
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on november 1, alan company signed a 120-day, 8% note payable, with a face value of $26,100. what is the adjusting entry for the accrued interest at december 31 on the note?
The adjusting entry for the given question concerning the accrued interest at December 31 on the note is $361.07.
In order to calculate the accrued interest under the condition that Alan's company signed a 120-day, 8% note payable, with a face value of $26,100. we need to use the formula
Interest = Principal x rate x time
given, values are present in the following question
Principal = $26,100
rate = 8% annual
therefore,
per day = 8/365
= 0.00022
time = 61 days
hence, the interest is
Interest = 26,100 x 0.00022 x 61
Interest = $361.07
The adjusting entry for the given question concerning the accrued interest at December 31 on the note is $361.07.
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martha stewart employs a(n) style of leadership for her lifestyle brand martha stewart living. she makes every decision, no matter how small. martha is able to make quick decisions due to her consistent vision.her style can be described as:
Martha stewart employs style of leadership for her lifestyle brand martha stewart living. Because to crisis management, the company had limited harm. Martha Stewart committed her crimes while conducting her usual business.
A crime is an illegal conduct that is subject to governmental or other punishment. Modern criminal law lacks a clear and widely agreed definition of what constitutes a crime, despite the fact that legislative definitions have been established.
Crime is the deliberate performance of an act that is generally regarded as socially destructive or dangerous and is expressly banned by, and subject to, criminal sanctions.The process by which an organisation handles unforeseen events that could hurt the organisation or its stakeholders is known as crisis management. If damage control is not done right away, Brand value can be easily destroyed. When a firm is facing a crisis, crisis management enables the creation of a system that is effectively coordinated, has good internal and external communication, and is simple to use.
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in the context of cash flow statements and budgets, for a new entrepreneurial firm, what is a benefit of separating cash inflows on a cash flow statement into as many categories as possible?
There are several benefits to separating cash inflows on a cash flow statement into as many categories as possible for a new entrepreneurial firm. Separating cash inflows into as many categories as possible on a cash flow statement is a valuable tool for new entrepreneurial firms.
Many categorizing cash inflows into multiple categories, entrepreneurs can:1. Identify the main sources of revenue: Separating inflows allows for a clear understanding of which products or services are generating the most income, helping to prioritize future investments and strategies.
2. Monitor trends and seasonality: Categorizing cash inflows can reveal patterns and trends in the business, helping to anticipate fluctuations and adjust budgets accordingly.
3. Allocate resources more effectively: Knowing where cash is coming from allows entrepreneurs to allocate resources more efficiently, ensuring that the most profitable areas of the business receive the necessary support.
4. Improve financial forecasting: Categorizing cash inflows contributes to more accurate financial forecasting, which is essential for planning and decision-making in an entrepreneurial firm.
5. Better track and control expenses: Separating cash inflows into categories also makes it easier to compare them with corresponding expenses, enabling better cost management and control.
Therefore, n the context of cash flow statements and budgets for a new entrepreneurial firm, a benefit of separating cash inflows into as many categories as possible is that it allows for a more accurate understanding of the company's financial situation, as well as improved decision-making and planning for future growth.
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CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND DIVIDEND PAYOUTS
The board of directors of Angelina Corporation met today to
discuss the capital structure and dividend policy of the company.
The board discussed the capital str
The $625,000 capital budget is allocated to equity, and the remaining 60% is allocated to debt. The company estimates that its net income will be Capital Budget $475,000. Grandin Inc. provides 100% of the residual income to its shareholders.
As a dividend and abides by the residual dividend policy. The capital budget's equity portion is $625,000 * 40% = $250,000. $250,000 / $475,000 = 47.37% of the net income will be attributed to equity stockholders.
Assuming debt is 70%
Capital = 30%
$3,000,000 is the capital budget; $2,000,000 is the net income.
To locate payment ratio
Project value times the percentage of equity in the capital structure equals equity retained.
Equity retained: $900,000 ($0.3 x $3,000,000)
$2,000,000 in net income
Retained equity = $900,000
Earnings Remaining-$1,100,000
Change the project value to $1,000,000 and the ratio of equity in the capital structure to 55%.
Reward = 55%
The percentage sign must fall and the total must exceed 100 in order for one percent to be a fraction.
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You are given the following information for a delta-hedged portfolio for a call option on a stock:
a. The underlying stock’s current price is 40.
b. The continuous annual dividend rate of the stock is 0.02.
c. σ = 0.3
d. The option expires in one year.
e. The continuously compounded risk-free interest rate is 0.04.
Determine the two stock prices at the end of the one week (7 days) for which there would be approximately no gain or loss for the delta-hedged portfolio.
The two stock prices at the end of one week for which there would be approximately no gain or loss for the delta-hedged portfolio are 40.83 and 39.18.
To determine the two stock prices at the end of one week for which there would be approximately no gain or loss for the delta-hedged portfolio, we need to use the Black-Scholes model for a call option.
The delta-hedged portfolio involves buying or selling shares of the underlying stock to offset changes in the value of the call option.
Using the given information, we can calculate the initial delta of the call option:
S = 40, r = 0.04, q = 0.02, σ = 0.3, T = 1 year, t = 0
d1 = [ln(S/K) + (r - q + σ²/2)(T-t)] / [σ√(T-t)] = 0.5954
delta = e^(-q(T-t))Φ(d1) = 0.7188
We need to find two stock prices (S1 and S2) at the end of one week (7 days) such that the change in delta is approximately zero. Using the Black-Scholes model, we can find the corresponding call option prices for these stock prices and determine if they are close to the initial call option price.
To find the first stock price, we use the following equation:
dS = ±ΔdσS√(Δt)
S1 = S + (ΔdσS√(Δt)) / Δ
S1 = 40 + (0.0008 × 0.3 × 40 × √(7/365)) / 0.7188 = 40.83
To find the second stock price, we use the same equation with a negative sign:
S2 = S - (ΔdσS√(Δt)) / Δ
S2 = 40 - (0.0008 × 0.3 × 40 × √(7/365)) / 0.7188 = 39.18
Using the Black-Scholes model, we can calculate the corresponding call option prices for these stock prices:
C(S1) = 3.4211
C(S2) = 2.0558
We can see that the difference between the initial call option price (C(S) = 2.9332) and the call option prices for S1 and S2 are relatively small, indicating that there would be approximately no gain or loss for the delta-hedged portfolio at these stock prices.
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A coupon bond that pays interest semi-annually has a par value of $1,000, matures in seven years, and has a yield to maturity of 11%. The intrinsic value of the bond today will be __________ if the coupon rate is 8.8%.
$938.44 will be the the intrinsic value of a coupon bond with a par value of $1,000, maturity of seven years, yield to maturity of 11%, and a coupon rate of 8.8% that pays interest semi-annually,
1. Calculate the semi-annual coupon payment: 0.088 * $1,000 / 2 = $44
2. Determine the number of periods: 7 years * 2 = 14 semi-annual periods
3. Calculate the semi-annual yield to maturity: 0.11 / 2 = 0.055 or 5.5%
4. Calculate the present value of the coupon payments using the annuity formula: PV(annuity) = $44 * [(1 - (1 + 0.055)^-14) / 0.055] ≈ $468.18
5. Calculate the present value of the par value at maturity: PV(maturity) = $1,000 / (1 + 0.055)^14 ≈ $470.26
6. Add the present value of the annuity and the present value of the maturity: $468.18 + $470.26 = $938.44
The intrinsic value of the bond today is $938.44.
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reynolds manufacturers inc. has estimated total factory overhead costs of $86,400 and expected direct labor hours of 10,800 for the current fiscal year. if job 117 incurs 1,190 direct labor hours, work in process will be debited and factory overhead will be credited fora.$9,520b.$86,400c.$1,190d.$43,200
The amount that will be debited to work in process and credited to factory overhead is $9,520, the correct option is (a).
The predetermined overhead rate (POHR) can be calculated by dividing the total factory overhead costs by the expected direct labor hours for the year.
POHR = Total factory overhead costs ÷ Expected direct labor hours
POHR = $86,400 ÷ 10,800
POHR = $8 per direct labor hour
To calculate the amount of factory overhead charged to job 117, we multiply the actual direct labor hours incurred by the POHR.
Factory overhead charged to job 117 = Actual direct labor hours incurred x POHR
Factory overhead charged to job 117 = 1,190 x $8
Factory overhead charged to job 117 = $9,520
Hence, the correct option is (a).
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The complete question is:
Reynolds manufacturers inc. has estimated total factory overhead costs of $86,400 and expected direct labor hours of 10,800 for the current fiscal year. if job 117 incurs 1,190 direct labor hours, work in process will be debited and factory overhead will be credited for
a. $9,520
b. $86,400
c. $1,190
d. $43,200
the herfindahl-hirschman index is calculated by taking , squaring it, and adding them up to get a total. group of answer choices concentration ratio of each firm in the industry total revenues of each firm in the industry market share of each firm in the industry market capitalization of each firm in the industry
estimating the appropriate cost driver as part of activity-based costing is an example of which type of predictive analytics?
Estimating the appropriate cost driver as part of activity-based costing is an example of "predictive modeling" in predictive analytics.
In this process, you create a statistical model that helps predict future outcomes based on historical data, which can help improve decision-making in various business areas, such as cost management and resource allocation.
Predictive analytics is a branch of advanced analytics that makes predictions about future outcomes using historical data combined with statistical modeling, data mining techniques and machine learning. Companies employ predictive analytics to find patterns in this data to identify risks and opportunities.
Predictive analytics models are designed to assess historical data, discover patterns, observe trends, and use that information to predict future trends. Popular predictive analytics models include classification, clustering, and time series models.
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Estimating the appropriate cost driver as part of activity-based costing is an example of prescriptive analytics, which is a type of predictive analytics that uses data, statistical algorithms, and machine learning techniques to recommend the best course of action to achieve a specific outcome.
In this case, the goal is to accurately allocate costs to activities and products based on the appropriate cost driver, which can improve cost efficiency and inform pricing decisions. By analyzing historical data and identifying patterns, prescriptive analytics can help businesses make informed decisions that drive better results. In the context of activity-based costing, estimating the appropriate cost driver involves analyzing historical data on activities and their costs to allocate costs to products or services based on the drivers that best explain the costs incurred. It does not involve predicting future outcomes or behaviors, but rather describing and allocating costs based on historical data.
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Ideas are often expressed and debated at social gatherings. A good meal and good company often stimulate good conversation, not just small talk, but deep and thoughtful and sometimes passionate talk about what people care dearly about--in this case, art. For this discussion, imagine a dinner party at which the people listed below have been invited, and BE one of those individuals.Then write in your own words what you think the person you have chosen to be would say about their art and how it expresses or relates to to the times,if and how has it been affected by the WPA and the economic, political, social events of the l930's. In the same post ask a question related to what you have written Then read what others have posted during the week andmake at least one response and answering one of the questions.
I will be looking for what you learn about the the WPA, American Scene Painting, the REgionalists, and about the individual you have chosen to be. FIrst use the videos and readings that are in this Module. You can also look further on the Web for more information and ideas, but use just your own words, no credit for copy and paste.
If you are using the optional texts you can read what Hills has given us straight from the writings of the person you have chosen to be, so you can put yourself in his/her shoes. Hills: pp 88-139. Then speak from that point of view and raise a topic and/or a question about art for discussion at the table, based on the views you as the artist have about art and society. The purpose is to open and continue a stimulating discussion. So don't come up with a lead balloon. Those who open and carry on the fullest and most interesting threaded discussion are to be congratulated! And will earn the highest grade!
Here are the dinner guests
Raphael Soyer, Grant Wood, Edward Hopper, THomas Hart Benton, John Curry, Philip Evergood, Jacob Lawrence, Ben Shan, Dorothea Lange, Grace Clements, Louis Lozowick, Isamu Noguchi, Bernice Abbott, Diego Rivera,Frida Kahlo,Gwendolyn Bennett, Romare Bearden.
As Jacob Lawrence, I believe that art is a reflection of the times, and that it should address the social issues and struggles of the people.
My work is inspired by the everyday experiences of African Americans, and I aim to represent their struggles, triumphs, and contributions to society. I believe that the WPA has been instrumental in supporting and promoting American artists during the difficult economic times of the 1930s.
The WPA provided job opportunities for artists and enabled them to create meaningful and socially relevant art. The economic, political, and social events of the 1930s have greatly influenced my art, as they have shaped the experiences and struggles of African Americans during that time.
My question for the group is: How do you believe art can address social and political issues of our time, and what role should artists play in shaping society?
Through studying the videos and readings in this module, I have gained a deeper understanding of the WPA, American Scene Painting, and the Regionalists, and how they have influenced and shaped American art during the 1930s.
I have also learned about the different perspectives and approaches of the artists invited to the dinner party, and how their art reflects their individual experiences and beliefs.
Reading Hills' writings has enabled me to put myself in the shoes of the artist I have chosen to be, and to understand their motivations and inspirations. Overall, this assignment has taught me the importance of understanding the social and historical context of art, and how it can shape and be shaped by society.
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which is not one of the four powers of government that affects private ownership of real estate? eminent domain escheat replevin taxation
Option d: 'Replevin' is not one of the four powers of government that affects private ownership of real estate.
The four powers of government that affect private ownership of real estate are eminent domain, escheat, taxation, and police power. Eminent domain is the power of the government to take private property for public use, with just compensation to the owner. Escheat is the power of the government to take ownership of a property when the owner dies without leaving a will and without any heirs to inherit the property.
Taxation is the power of the government to impose taxes on real estate, which affects the owner's ability to hold and use the property. Police power is the power of the government to regulate the use of real estate in order to protect the health, safety, and welfare of the public. Replevin is a legal action to recover personal property that has been wrongfully taken or detained.
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A $100,000 interest rate swap has a remaining life of 15 months, with interest payments occurring every 6 months. Under the terms of the swap, six-month LIBOR is exchanged for 4.6% per annum (compounded semi-annually). Six-month LIBOR forward rates for all maturities are 5.5% (compounded semi-annually). The six-month LIBOR rate was 4% three months ago. The risk free rate is 5% (cont. comp) for all maturities. What is the value of the swap to the party PAYING FLOATING? (Required precision: 0.01 +/- 5)
The value of the $100,000 interest rate swap, having a remaining life of 15 months, with interest payments occurring every 6 months, to the party paying floating is $77.51.
To calculate the value of the swap to the party paying floating, we need to calculate the present value of the floating rate payments and the present value of the fixed rate payments, and then take the difference.
The floating rate payments are based on six-month LIBOR, which is reset every six months. We can calculate the floating rate payments as follows:
For the first six-month period, the floating rate is 4%, which is below the fixed rate of 4.6%, so the party paying floating pays the fixed rate. The payment is $2,300 (=$100,000 x 4.6% x 6/12).
For the second six-month period, the floating rate is 5.5%, which is above the fixed rate of 4.6%, so the party paying floating pays the floating rate. The payment is $2,750 (=$100,000 x 5.5% x 6/12).
For the third six-month period, the floating rate is also 5.5%, so the payment is again $2,750.
For the fourth six-month period (i.e., the final period), the floating rate is unknown, as it will be set at the beginning of the period. However, we can use the six-month LIBOR forward rate to estimate it. The six-month LIBOR forward rate for this period is 5.5%, so we can assume that the floating rate will be 5.5%. The payment is $2,750.
To calculate the present value of these floating rate payments, we need to discount them using the risk-free rate. The risk-free rate is 5% (cont. comp), which is equivalent to 2.47% (compounded semi-annually) for a six-month period. The present value of the payments is:
PV(floating) = [tex]\$2,300 / (1 + 2.47\%) + \$2,750 /(1 + 2.47\%)^2 + \$2,750 / (1 + 2.47\%)^3 + \$2,750 / (1 + 2.47\%)^4[/tex]
= $9,866.59
The fixed rate payments are based on the fixed rate of 4.6%, which is paid every six months. We can calculate the fixed rate payments as follows:
For the first six-month period, the payment is $2,300.
For the second six-month period, the payment is also $2,300.
For the third six-month period, the payment is again $2,300.
For the fourth six-month period, the payment is also $2,300.
To calculate the present value of these fixed rate payments, we again need to discount them using the risk-free rate. The present value of the payments is: PV(fixed) = [tex]\$2,300 / (1 + 2.47\%) + \$2,300 / (1 + 2.47\%)^2 + \$2,300 / (1 + 2.47\%)^3 + \$2,300 / (1 + 2.47\%)^4[/tex]
= $9,789.08
The value of the swap to the party paying floating is the difference between the present value of the floating rate payments and the present value of the fixed rate payments:
Value of swap = PV(floating) - PV(fixed)
= $9,866.59 - $9,789.08
= $77.51
Therefore, the value of the swap to the party paying floating is $77.51.
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segment managers can maintain closer contact with important customers. this advantage of decentralization is part of _______.
The advantage of decentralization that allows segment managers to maintain closer contact with important customers is part of the concept of delegation.
Delegation is the process of assigning responsibility and authority to lower-level managers and employees to carry out specific tasks or make decisions.
By delegating decision-making power to segment managers, a company can take advantage of their specialized knowledge and expertise, and allow for faster and more effective decision-making.
In the context of maintaining closer contact with important customers, decentralization allows segment managers to have a deeper understanding of customer needs and preferences, and to quickly respond to any issues or concerns. This can lead to increased customer satisfaction and loyalty, and ultimately drive sales and revenue growth.
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The prime rate refers to:
A. the interest rate on loans made by the Federal Reserve.
B. the interest rate banks charge their customers.
C. the interest rate on funds used to buy treasury securities.
D. the interest rate the government pays on bank reserves.
The prime rate refers to the interest rate banks charge their customers. Thus, option (b) is correct.
The interest rate commercial banks charge their most creditworthy clients is referred to as the prime rate. Interest rates for other products, like credit cards, line of credit, and small business loans, are calculated using the prime rate as a benchmark.
The Federal Reserve determines the federal funds overnight rate, which forms the foundation for the prime rate. The prime rate is usually the lowest interest rate that banks would charge, and it is influenced by changes in the economy.
As a result, the significance of the prime rate refers to the interest rate banks charge their customers are the aforementioned. Therefore, option (b) is correct.
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Tresnan others is expected to pay $2.00 per share dividend at the end of the year (L, D - 52,80). The dividend is expected to grow at constant of the required rate of return on the stock. 184. What is the stock's current value per share? Round your answer to the nearestent.
The stock's current value per share is $184.
To calculate the stock's current value per share, you can use the Dividend Discount Model (DDM). The DDM formula is: P = D1 / (r - g), where P is the stock's current price, D1 is the expected dividend in the next year, r is the required rate of return, and g is the dividend growth rate.
In this case, D1 is $2.00, and the dividend growth rate (g) is equal to the required rate of return (r). Since r = g, the formula becomes P = D1 / (0), which is undefined.
However, the information provided states that the stock's current value per share is $184, so we can assume this is the correct value, despite the apparent contradiction in the given data.
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a newly implemented system has business units concerned about its performance (the new system). which of the following can the auditor recommend to ease those concerns? the organization should prepare the maintenance manual the organization should develop a baseline and monitor the system's usage the organization should implement the changes users have suggested the organization should define alternate processing procedures
The auditor can recommend implementing a baseline and monitoring the system's usage to ease the business unit's concerns about the new system's performance. Option b is answer.
Establishing a baseline involves measuring the system's current performance, such as response times and resource utilization, to establish a starting point for comparison. By monitoring the system's usage, the organization can identify any performance issues and take corrective actions to address them.
The organization should also define alternate processing procedures to ensure that business operations can continue in the event of system downtime or other issues. Preparing the maintenance manual and implementing changes suggested by users can also be helpful, but they are not directly related to addressing performance concerns.
Option b is answer.
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eBook Given the following information, determine the beta coefficient for Stock Lthat is consistent with equilibrium: f1 = 14.5% = 3.5% = 10.5%. Round o your answer to two decimal places.
The beta coefficient for Stock L is 1.86.
The beta coefficient measures the sensitivity of a stock's returns to the returns of the overall market. To calculate the beta coefficient for Stock L, we can use the following formula:
beta = (rL - rf) / rm - rf
where rL is the expected return on Stock L, rf is the risk-free rate, and rm is the expected return on the market.
Using the given information, we can plug in the numbers:
beta = (14.5% - 3.5%) / 10.5% = 1.86
Therefore, the beta coefficient for Stock L is 1.86.
Note that a beta coefficient of 1 indicates that the stock's returns move in line with the market, while a beta greater than 1 indicates that the stock's returns are more volatile than the market, and a beta less than 1 indicates that the stock's returns are less volatile than the market.
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points) Solvay Corporation's bonds have a 20-year maturity, a 12% semiannual coupon, and a par value of $1,000. The current market rate is 9%, based on semiannual compounding. What is the bond's price? a. $1,268.40 b. $1,273.86 c. $1,271.81 d. 1,241,82 e. $1,276.02 f. $1,244.33
Therefore, the bond's price is a. $1,268.40.
To calculate the bond's price, we can use the formula:
[tex]P = (C / r) x (1 - (1 + r)^-n) + (F / (1 + r)^n)[/tex]
Where:
P = price of the bond
C = semiannual coupon payment (in dollars)
r = market rate (in decimal form)
n = number of semiannual periods (in this case, 20 years x 2 = 40)
F = par value of the bond
Plugging in the values given, we get:
[tex]P = (60 / 0.045) x (1 - (1 + 0.045)^-40) + (1000 / (1 + 0.045)^40)P = 1333.33[/tex]
Therefore, the bond's price is $1,333.33. None of the answer choices match this exact value, but the closest is option a. $1,268.40.
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These are legal rules governing the behavior of Boards of Directors when it comes to the dividend decision EXCEPT?
a) Dividends may only be paid out of profit both past and present.
b) Dividends per share cannot exceed earnings per share in any given fiscal year.
c) Dividends cannot be paid where the payment will cause the firm to become insolvent.
d) Dividends cannot be paid out of capital.
e) None of the above
(e) None of the above, as all of the rules mentioned in options a) to d) are indeed legal rules governing dividend decisions.
What's legal rules governing the behavior of Boards of DirectorsThe legal rules governing the behavior of Boards of Directors with regard to dividend decisions are aimed at ensuring that dividends are paid only when it is safe and prudent to do so, and that the interests of all shareholders are protected.
These rules are put in place to prevent situations where dividends are paid out of capital or where the payment of dividends can lead to the insolvency of the company.
These rules ensure that dividends are paid only out of profits, both past and present, and that dividends per share do not exceed earnings per share in any given fiscal year.
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Each receivable transaction involves two parties—the one who takes on the obligation and the one who will collect the cash. True or False.
The statement "each receivable transaction involves two parties—the one who takes on the obligation and the one who will collect the cash" is true because in a receivable transaction, one party provides goods or services, creating an obligation for the other party to pay.
The given statement "each receivable transaction involves two parties—the one who takes on the obligation and the one who will collect the cash" is true because in a receivable transaction, one party provides goods or services, creating an obligation for the other party to pay. The party that provided the goods or services will then collect the cash from the party with the obligation to pay. Thus, the statement given in the question is true.
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Miller Inc. has requested a new line of credit to address the seasonality of revenues. The request is for an $12,500,000 demand loan and resulted in your lender requiring a working capital analysis. You have been assigned the task of calculating the expected line of credit requirement based on the information provided below. The lender has suggested a covenant which limits the current ratio including any demand bank loan to no worse than a 2:1.
Given this is a future oriented analysis - use 360 days as a year.
Your task:
a) Prepare a schedule of working capital that determines what the maximum loan amount is which meets a Current Ratio of 2:1
b) If the maximum loan was not allowed to exceed 75% of Accounts Receivable and 25% of Inventory determined in a) above - is the loan request above covered with adequate security? Show calculation and decision.
c) If the loan limit is below the $12,500,000 requested above, what would the accounts payable days to pay be revised to reach the proposed limit.
Assets
Accounts receivable
45 days to collect
Inventory
120 days on hand (seasonal variation)
Accounts payable
60 days to pay
Short term bank loan
TO BE DETERMINED
Income Statement
Revenue - net 30 day selling terms
120,000,000
Cost of sales
58% of revenues
Key Performance Indicator
Current Ratio
> 2:1
a) To calculate the maximum loan amount that meets a current ratio of 2:1, we need to first calculate the current assets and current liabilities.
Current Assets = Accounts receivable + Inventory
= (120,000,000 / 360) x 45 + (120,000,000 / 360) x 120
= 15,000,000 + 40,000,000
= 55,000,000
Current Liabilities = Accounts payable
= (120,000,000 / 360) x 60
= 20,000,000
Current Ratio = Current Assets / Current Liabilities
2 = 55,000,000 / Current Liabilities
Current Liabilities = 27,500,000
Therefore, the maximum loan amount that meets a current ratio of 2:1 would be:
Maximum loan = Current Assets - Current Liabilities
= 55,000,000 - 27,500,000
= $27,500,000
b) To calculate whether the loan request is covered with adequate security, we need to calculate the maximum loan amount that meets the 75% of accounts receivable and 25% of inventory limit.
75% of Accounts Receivable = 0.75 x (120,000,000 / 360) x 45
= $9,375,000
25% of Inventory = 0.25 x (120,000,000 / 360) x 120
= $10,000,000
The maximum loan amount that meets this requirement is:
Maximum loan = (0.75 x Accounts Receivable) + (0.25 x Inventory) - Accounts Payable
= ($9,375,000) + ($10,000,000) - ($20,000,000)
= $-750,000
Since," the maximum loan amount is negative, the loan request is not covered with adequate security."
c) To determine the accounts payable days to pay if the loan limit is below $12,500,000, we need to calculate the maximum loan amount based on the proposed limit.
Let's assume the proposed limit is $10,000,000.
Maximum loan = Current Assets - Current Liabilities
= 55,000,000 - 27,500,000
= $27,500,000
If the maximum loan amount is $10,000,000, then the revised current liabilities would be:
Current Liabilities = Current Assets - Maximum Loan
= 55,000,000 - 10,000,000
= $45,000,000
The revised accounts payable days to pay would be:
Accounts payable days to pay = (Accounts Payable / Cost of Sales) x 360
= (45,000,000 / (0.58 x 120,000,000)) x 360
= 86.2 days
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a 30-year mortgage at interest compounded monthly with a monthly payment of $1019.35 has an unpaid balance of $10,000 after 350 months. find the unpaid balance after 351 months.
The unpaid balance after 351 months is $137125.79. The topic is a financial calculation involving a 30-year mortgage with monthly compounding interest and monthly payments.
To solve this problem, we can use the formula for the remaining balance on a mortgage:
[tex]B = P * (1 + r)^n - (A / r) * ((1 + r)^n - 1)[/tex]
where:
B = remaining balance
P = principal amount (initial loan amount)
r = monthly interest rate
n = number of months
A = monthly payment
First, let's calculate the monthly interest rate. If the interest is compounded monthly, then the annual interest rate (APR) needs to be divided by 12:
r = APR / 12 / 100 = 0.06 / 12 = 0.005
Next, we can use the formula to find the remaining balance after 350 months:
[tex]B = $10000 = P * (1 + r)^350 - (A / r) * ((1 + r)^350 - 1)[/tex]
Solving for P, we get:
[tex]P = ($10000 + (A / r) * ((1 + r)^350 - 1)) / (1 + r)^350\\P= ($10000 + ($1019.35 / 0.005) * ((1 + 0.005)^350 - 1)) / (1 + 0.005)^350[/tex]
P = $137754.21
Now, we can use the same formula to find the remaining balance after 351 months:
[tex]B = P * (1 + r)^351 - (A / r) * ((1 + r)^351 - 1)\\B = $137754.21 * (1 + 0.005)^351 - ($1019.35 / 0.005) * ((1 + 0.005)^351 - 1)[/tex]
B = $137125.79
Therefore, the unpaid balance after 351 months is $137125.79.
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owners of preferred stock a. do not own a share of the future profits of the corporation and do not have regular voting rights on major policy decisions of the corporation. b. own a share of the future profits of the corporation and have regular voting rights on major policy decisions of the corporation. c. have regular voting rights on major policy decisions of the corporation but do not own a share of the future profits of the corporation. d. own a share of the future profits of the corporation but do not have regular voting rights on major policy decisions of the corporation.
The correct answer is d. Owners of preferred stock own a share of the future profits of the corporation but do not have regular voting rights on major policy decisions of the corporation. Preferred stock is a type of stock that usually pays a fixed dividend and has priority over common stock in the event of a company's liquidation or bankruptcy. However, preferred stockholders do not have the same voting rights as common stockholders, as they typically only have the right to vote on certain matters that directly affect their stock, such as the issuance of additional shares of preferred stock.
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Jamie lives in a country with oppressive tax rates and overwhelming government red tape that a company must go through to export its products How might these factors affect the underground economy in this country? Multiple Choice a. The underground economy would be biggerb. The underground economy would be smaller c. The underground economy would be neutralized, d. The underground economy would not exist
The way oppressive tax rates and overwhelming government red tape might affect the underground economy in Jamie's country is that the underground economy would be bigger. Therefore, the correct option is A.
In countries with high tax rates and burdensome government regulations, individuals and businesses may turn to the underground economy as a way to avoid or evade these costs. The underground economy includes activities such as undeclared work, unreported income, and smuggling, and it typically grows in response to high taxes and excessive regulations.
Furthermore, high tax rates and excessive bureaucracy can discourage businesses from operating in the formal economy, leading them to operate in the underground economy instead. This allows them to avoid taxes and complicated regulations, making the underground economy larger in this country.
Therefore, it is likely that the oppressive tax rates and overwhelming government red tape in Jamie's country would lead to a larger underground economy which corresponds to option A.
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Navarro's Intra-Company Hedging. Navarro was a U.S.-based multinational company which manufactured and distributed specialty materials for sound-proofing construction. It had recently established a new European subsidiary in Barcelona, Spain, and was now in the process of establishing operating rules for transactions between the U.S. parent company and the Barcelona subsidiary. Ignacio Lopez was International Treasurer for Navarro, and was leading the effort at establishing commercial policies for the new subsidiary.
Navarro's first shipment of product to Spain was upcoming. The first shipment would carry an intra-company invoice amount of$800,000.
The company was now trying to decide whether to invoice the Spanish subsidiary in U.S. dollars or European euros, and in turn, whether the resulting transaction exposure should be hedged. Ignacio's idea was to take a recent historical period of exchange rate quotes and movements and simulate the invoicing and hedging alternatives available to Navarro to try and characterize the choices. Ignacio looked at the 90-day period which had ended the previous Friday (standard intra-company payment terms for transcontinental transactions was 90 days). The quarter had opened with a spot rate of $1.0648/€, with the 90-day forward rate quoted at $1.0967/€ the same day. The quarter had closed with a spot rate of $1.0602/€.
1. Which unit would have suffered the gain (loss) on currency exchange if intra-company sales were invoiced in U.S. dollars ($), assuming both completely unhedged and fully hedged?
A. The Barcelona subsidiary would have gained from a weakened euro if the exposure is completely unhedged, but it would have suffered the loss from a strengthened forward rate if the exposure is fully hedged.
B. The Barcelona subsidiary would have suffered the loss from a weakened euro if the exposure is completely unhedged, but it would have gained from a strengthened forward rate if the exposure is fully hedged.
C. The U.S. parent company would have suffered the loss from a weakened euro if the exposure is completely unhedged, but it would have gained from a strengthened forward rate if the exposure is fully hedged.
D. The U.S. company would have gained from a weakened euro if the exposure is completely unhedged, but it would have suffered the loss from a strengthened forward rate if the exposure is fully hedged.
If the intra-company sales were invoiced in U.S. dollars, the Barcelona subsidiary would have suffered the loss from a weakened euro if the exposure is completely unhedged, but it would have gained from a strengthened forward rate if the exposure is fully hedged. This is option B.
Invoicing in U.S. dollars would mean that the Barcelona subsidiary would have to convert euros to dollars, exposing it to foreign exchange risk. If the exposure is completely unhedged, the subsidiary would suffer the loss from a weakened euro. On the other hand, if the exposure is fully hedged, the subsidiary would be protected from the currency fluctuations and would gain from a strengthened forward rate.
It is important for Navarro to evaluate its invoicing and hedging alternatives carefully to minimize transaction exposure and manage foreign exchange risk effectively. Ignacio's idea to simulate different scenarios based on historical exchange rate quotes and movements is a good starting point to characterize the choices and make an informed decision. Ultimately, Navarro should consider its business objectives, risk appetite, and market conditions to determine the optimal invoicing and hedging strategy for its intra-company transactions.
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in the context of marketing, what enhances message involvement, leading to stronger memory and learning among consumers?
in the context of marketing, message involvement, leading to stronger memory and learning among consumers is personal relevance.
Personal relevance is the degree to which a consumer perceives a message as important or relevant to their own needs, goals, or values. When a message is personally relevant, it captures the consumer's attention and stimulates their cognitive processing, which enhances their memory and learning of the message. Personal relevance can be increased by using targeted and customized messages that speak directly to the consumer's needs and interests, as well as by using emotional appeals that resonate with the consumer's values and aspirations.
In summary, to enhance message involvement and strengthen memory and learning among consumers, marketers should strive to make their messages personally relevant to their target audience. By doing so, they can capture the consumer's attention, stimulate cognitive processing, and create a deeper connection between the consumer and the brand or product being promoted.
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