what is consumer surplus
Explanation:
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In mainstream economics, economic surplus, also known as total welfare or Marshallian surplus, refers to two related quantities: Consumer surplus, or consumers' surplus, is the monetary gain obtained .
Answer:
Consumer surplus is defined as the difference between the consumers' willingness to pay for commodity and the actual price paid by them , or the equilibrium price .
Moral hazard is a barrier to financing global growth because:_______
a. firms sometimes have trouble determining whether they need funds or not.
b. if investors have trouble identifying high-risk firms they may be unwilling to give money to creditworthy firms.
c. there is the possibility that the funds are used for riskier behavior than the lender agreed to.
d. of the differences between financing using loans, portfolio investment and foreign direct investment.
Answer:
c. there is the possibility that the funds are used for riskier behavior than the lender agreed to.
Explanation:
True. The term "Moral Hazard" as used in an investment context, often refers to a scenario where one party with a lesser risk burden in a business agreement, deliberately takes investment risk that would be detrimental to others in the agreement who have a higher risk burden.
It is an unethical business practice; a moral hazard, and so acts as a barrier to investors who may want to finance global growth.
Why a manufacturer who makes watches involved in trade
Answer:
to make money, if they trade their watches they will be expanding their business
The Nicor family is planning to purchase a new home 7 years from now. If they have $240,000 now, how much will be available at the time of purchase
Answer:
$530,400
Explanation:
The interest rate on the funds is 12%.
To find the answer, we use the future value of an investment formula:
FV = PV(1 +i)^n
Where FV = Future Value (the value we are looking for)
PV = Present value, in this case $240,000
i = the interest rate, in this case 12%
n = the number of compounding periods, in this case, 7 years.
Now, we plug the amounts into the formula:
FV = 240,000 (1 + 0.12)^7
FV = 240,000 (2.21)
FV = 530,400
So the value available for buying the new home after 7 years is $530,400
Zach sold a restaurant to Shane for $295,000. As part of the agreement, Zach promised not to open another restaurant business for three years within a 50-mile radius of the one sold. What is the name of this clause?
Answer:
Non-compete clause
Explanation:
The name of this clause is Non-compete clause. It is is a clause under which one party agrees not to enter into or start a similar profession or trade in competition against another party. By prudence of this non compete clause, the worker attempts and gives his acknowledgment to the state of the business that over the span of the work or significantly after the representative leaves the administrations/occupation of the business, he will not be the contender of the business in the structure and nature of the work of the business.
Avocado, Inc. purchased a $100,000 machine and deducted $70,000 of depreciation before selling it for $80,000 (after holding it for more than 1 year). How much gain does Avocado recognize
Answer:Avocado recognizes a gain of $50,000
Explanation:
Book Value of machine = Purchase Price - Depreciation
$ 100,000 - $70,000 = $30,000
Avocado sold the machine at = $80,000
Therefore, Gain/(loss) recognized = Selling Price - Book Value on date of sale
$80,000 - $30000 = $50,000
Avocado recognizes a gain of $50,000
Avocado recognizes a gain of $50,000
The calculation is as follows:
Book Value of machine = Purchase Price - Depreciation
= $ 100,000 - $70,000
= $30,000
And,
Avocado sold the machine at = $80,000
So,
Gain/(loss) recognized = Selling Price - Book Value on date of sale
= $80,000 - $30000
= $50,000
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Derek has the opportunity to buy a money machine today. The money machine will pay Derek $17,852.00 exactly 3.00 years from today. Assuming that Derek believes the appropriate discount rate is 9.00%, how much is he willing to pay for this money machine?
Answer:
$13,785
Explanation:
The computation of the amount to be paid for the money machine is shown below:
As we know that
Present value = Future value ÷ (1 + rate of interest)^number of years
= $17,852 ÷ (1 + 0.09)^3
= $17,852 ÷ 1.09^3
= $13,785
You manage employees in several cities, and while you try to visit the various offices as much as possible, your travel schedule is unpredictable. When you do see an employee performing a desirable behavior, you are quick to praise that person. What reinforcement schedule are you using, and is it likely to be effective in promoting desirable behavior
Answer:
Variable ratio schedule; effective
Explanation:
Reinforcement schedules are designed to introduce or remove reinforcers of punishment after observation of operational behaviour of a given set of people.
There are 3 types: ratio schedule, interval schedule, and extinction schedule.
The most effective type of reinforcement schedule is the variable ratio schedule.
It involves introduction of reinforcers after a particular number of observed responses from the subjects, also for subjects that are exhibiting favourable behaviour reinforcers are removed.
This is more efficient because more focus is given to those people that are lagging behind.
For interval schedule there continues to be a schedule despite variability in behaviour across employees. This is inefficient and stressful.
Variable ratio schedule is exemplified in this instance where visits are variable, and employee performing a desirable behaviour are quick to be praised.
a. Pretzelmania, Inc., issues 7%, 10-year bonds with a face amount of $70,000 for $70,000 on January 1, 2015. The market interest rate for bonds of similar risk and maturity is 7%. Interest is paid semiannually on June 30 and December 31.
b. Pretzelmania, Inc., issues 7%, 15-year bonds with a face amount of $70,000 for $63,948 on January 1, 2015. The market interest rate for bonds of similar risk and maturity is 8%. Interest is paid semiannually on June 30 and December 31.
c. Pretzelmania, Inc., issues 7%, 15-year bonds with a face amount of $70,000 for $76,860 on January 1, 2015. The market interest rate for bonds of similar risk and maturity is 6%. Interest is paid semiannually on June 30 and December 31.
Required:
Record the bond issue and first interest payment on June 30, 2015.
Answer:
a. Pretzelmania, Inc., issues 7%, 10-year bonds with a face amount of $70,000 for $70,000 on January 1, 2015. The market interest rate for bonds of similar risk and maturity is 7%. Interest is paid semiannually on June 30 and December 31.
January 1, 2015, bonds issued at par value
Dr Cash 70,000
Cr Bonds payable 70,000
June 30, 2015 first coupon payment
Dr Interest expense 2,450
Cr Cash 2,450
b. Pretzelmania, Inc., issues 7%, 15-year bonds with a face amount of $70,000 for $63,948 on January 1, 2015. The market interest rate for bonds of similar risk and maturity is 8%. Interest is paid semiannually on June 30 and December 31.
January 1, 2015, bonds issued at a discount
Dr Cash 63,948
Dr Discount on bonds payable 6,052
Cr Bonds payable 70,000
amortization of bond discount per coupon payment = $6,052 / 30 = $201.73
June 30, 2015 first coupon payment
Dr Interest expense 2,651
Cr Cash 2,450
Cr Discount on bonds payable 201
c. Pretzelmania, Inc., issues 7%, 15-year bonds with a face amount of $70,000 for $76,860 on January 1, 2015. The market interest rate for bonds of similar risk and maturity is 6%. Interest is paid semiannually on June 30 and December 31.
January 1, 2015, bonds issued at a premium
Dr Cash 76,860
Cr Bonds payable 70,000
Cr Premium on bonds payable 6,860
amortization of bond premium per coupon payment = $6,860 / 30 = $228.67
June 30, 2015 first coupon payment
Dr Interest expense 2,221
Dr Premium on bonds payable 229
Cr Cash 2,450
The book gives a clear knowledge of marketing at both the strategic and conceptual level as well as the ____.
Answer:
The book gives a clear knowledge of marketing at both the strategic and conceptual level as well as the ____.
tactical, hands-on level
Explanation:
At the highest level of marketing management is the strategic level, which is more conceptual. Down the scale is the tactical marketing plan, which specifies the marketing tools and techniques which a company will use to meet its marketing goals. At this level, the tactical tools in use include advertising, sales promotions, and other activities that directly implement the strategic marketing plan. The tactical level reduces the business strategic goals to marketing objectives.
There is no convenient or economical way to trace a(n) _______ from the cost to the cost pool or from the cost pool to the cost object.
Answer:
Indirect cost
Explanation:
Indirect costs are those that are not directly attributable to a product cost. Rather they contribute to the production process that makes it possible for the company to produce products.
Examples of indirect costs are administrative costs, rent, security cost, and personnel cost.
As it does not contribute directly to product cost it is difficult to trace these costs from cost to the cost pool or from the cost pool to the cost object.
Usually indirect costs are shared among all the products manufactured.
Livingston Co. has a subsidiary in Korea. The subsidiary reinvests half of its net cash flows into operations and remits half to the parent. Livingston's expected cash flows from domestic business are $100,000 and the Korean subsidiary is expected to generate 100 million Korean won at the end of the year. The expected value of won is $.0012. What are the expected dollar cash flows of Livingston Co.? Group of answer choices $100,000 $160,000 $200,000 $60,000
Answer:
$160,000
Explanation:
The computation of the expected dollar cash flows is given below:
Cash Flow arise from the domestic business is
= $100,000
And,
Cash flow from korean subsidiary is
= 50% × (100,000,000 × $0.0012)
= $60,000
Total Expected Cash Flows is
= $100,000 + $60,000
= $160,000
Assume that you have been hired as a consultant by CGT, a major producer of chemicals and plastics, including plastic grocery bags, styrofoam cups, and fertilizers, to estimate the firm's weighted average cost of capital. The balance sheet and some other information are provided below. Assets Current assets $38,000,000 Net plant, property, and equipment $101,000,000 Total assets $139,000,000 Liabilities and Equity Accounts payable $10,000,000 Accruals $9,000,000 Current liabilities $19,000,000 Long-term debt (40,000 bonds, $1,000 par value) $40,000,000 Total liabilities $59,000,000 Common stock (10,000,000 shares) $30,000,000 Retained earnings $50,000,000 Total shareholders' equity $80,000,000 Total liabilities and shareholders' equity $139,000,000 The stock is currently selling for $15.25 per share, and its noncallable $1,000.00 par value, 20-year, 9.00% bonds with semiannual payments are selling for $930.41. The beta is 1.22, the yield on a 6-month Treasury bill is 3.50%, and the yield on a 20-year Treasury bond is 5.50%. The required return on the stock market is 11.50%, but the market has had an average annual return of 14.50% during the past 5 years. The firm's tax rate is 25%. Refer to Exhibit 10.1. What is the best estimate of the after-tax cost of debt? a. 5.23% b. 7.35% c. 5.59% d. 6.48% e. 6.17%
Answer:
b. 7.35%
Explanation:
Calculation for What is the best estimate of the after-tax cost of debt
First step is to use financial calculator to find I/Y
FV= 1,000
N=20 years *2 = 40
PMT=9%*1,000/2 = 45
PV = -930.41
I/Y=?
Hence,
I/Y = 4.9%
Second step is to calculate YTM
YTM=4.9%*2
YTM= 9.8%
Now let Calculate the best estimate of the after-tax cost of debt
Using this formula
After tax cost of debt = YTM*(1-tax rate)
Let plug in the formula
After tax cost of debt =9.8%*(1-25%)
After tax cost of debt =9.8*75%
After tax cost of debt =0.0735*100
After tax cost of debt == 7.35%
Therefore the best estimate of the after-tax cost of debt will be 7.35%
A homeowner in a sunny climate has the opportunity to install a solar water heater in his home for a cost of $2,481. After installation the solar water heater will produce a small amount of hot water every day, forever, and will require no maintenance. How much must the homeowner save on water heating costs every year if this is to be a sound investment
Answer:
the question is missing the discount or interest rate that we must use to calculate the answer.
for example, if the interest rate is 5% per year, then this would be a good investment if the homeowner can save $2,481 x 5% = $124.05 per year.
but if the interest rate is 8%, then the homeowner would need to save at least $2,481 x 8% = $198.48 per year.
Suppose in 2018 the United States had consumption worth $13 trillion, investment worth $5 trillion, and government spending worth $3 trillion, with $2 trillion in exports and $3 trillion imports. What was its GDP per capita, assuming there were 400 million residents
Answer:
USD 50,000
Explanation:
The computation of the GDP per capita is given below:
GDP per capital = Real GDP ÷ Population
wherem
Real GDP is
= Consumption + investment + government spending + (exports - imports)
= $13 trillion + $5 trillion + $3 trillion + ($2 trillion - $3 trillion)
= $20 trillion
And, the population is 400 million
Now the GDP per capita is
= $20 trillion ÷ 400 million
= USD 50,000
Jim usually goes to the movies with friends on Friday nights at the local movie theater. This week, the movie theater held over the movie, Anchorman 2, which Jim saw last week. Jim and his buddies decide to go bowling rather than attend the movie a second time. Which of the following best describes why Jim decided to go bowling this weekend?
a. Jim's utility function
b. Diminishing marginal returns
c. Profit maximization
d. Consumer budget constraint
Answer:
b. Diminishing marginal returns
Explanation:
According to the law of diminishing returns, as more units of a variable input is added to a fixed income of production, output might increase at a point but after some time total output would increase at a decreasing rate and marginal product would be decreasing.
Due to the fact that Jim has seen the movie once, he would not derive the same level of satisfaction from watching the movie a second time. The utility he would receive from watching the movie a second time would be less than when he watched it a first time.
The terms are default, grace period, late payment fee, over the limit fee, and bad credit
Answer:
1. Bad credit
2. Over the limit fee
3. Late payment fee
Explanation:
1. Bad credit is a situation where a borrower fails to repay his bills on time. This can have an effect on his credit score, thus resulting in a bad credit score and the inability of lenders to lend money. This explains John's situation because he fails to pay on time.
2. Over the limit fee is charged when a person's balance exceeds his credit limit and this can result in a decline of transaction. Susan has apparently exceeded her limit and her transaction might be declined or the balance might be deducted when she pays the fee.
3. Late payment fee is charged when a person fails to complete his payment on the due date. Interest is being charged after the purchase which he pays at a later time because he failed to read the conditions of the credit card offer.
The dollar-euro exchange rate is $1.25 = €1.00 and the dollar-yen exchange rate is ¥100 = $1.00. What is the euro-yen cross rate? Group of answer choices ¥1.00 = €0.80 ¥125 = €1.00 None of the above ¥1.00 = €125
Answer:
¥1.00 = €0.80
Explanation:
When you include the purchase price and the interest, how much did the video game end up costing you
Answer:
$75
Explanation:
When the purchase price and interest expense is added in the cost of video game the total cost would be $75. Initially the cost was $40. The interest expense of $10 is added in the price and purchase price of $25 is added in the initial price of video game.
Dake Corporation's relevant range of activity is 2,200 units to 5,000 units. When it produces and sells 3,600 units, its average costs per unit are as follows For financial reporting purposes, the total amount of product costs incurred to make 3,600 units is closest to:
Answer: $50,940
Explanation:
The total amount of product costs incurred to make 3,600 units will be calculated as:
Direct materials = 3600 x 6.85 = 24660
Add: Direct labor= 3600 x 2.80= 10080
Add: Variable manufacturing overhead = 3,600 x 1.50 = 5400
Add: Fixed manufacturing overhead = 3600 x 3 = 10,800
Therefore, the Total product cost will be:
= 24660 + 10080 + 5400 + 10800
= $50,940
Why should a global marketing manager consult local attorneys in other countries before creating a marketing campaign abroad?
Answer:
ok answer is c
Explanation:
i did this today and got a 100%
The balanced scorecard can be made more effective by developing it at a detail level so that employees:
Answer: can see how their actions contribute to the success of the firm.
Explanation:
The balanced scorecard shows the results of the actions that a particular company has already taken. It is used by the managers to track of activities that are to be executed and to also monitor the consequences of the actions that were taken.
The balanced scorecard can be made more effective by developing it at a detail level so that employees can see how their actions contribute to the success of the firm.
Given the following, compute the cost of goods manufactured.
Direct material cost: $40,000
Direct labor cost: $100,000
Applied overhead: $120,000
Beginning work in process inventory: $30,000
Ending work in process inventory: $12,000
Answer:
$278,000
Explanation:
Given the above, cost of goods manufactured is computed as
= Direct materials + Direct labor + Applied overhead + Beginning work in process - Ending work in process
= $40,000 + $100,000 + $120,000 + $30,000 - $12,000
= $278,000
Cost of goods manufactured is $278,000
2. You have a loan outstanding. It requires making three annual payments of $1000 each at the end of the next three years. Your bank has offered to allow you to skip making the next two payments in lieu of making one large payment at the end of the loan’s term in three years. If the interest rate on the loan is 5%, what final payment will the bank re
Answer:
$1,157.63
Explanation:
We must determine the future value of your loan. I'm assuming that the bank charges compound interest.
future value = present value x (1 + interest rate)ⁿ
present value = $1,000interest rate = 5%n = time = 3 yearsfuture value = $1,000 x (1 + 5%)³ = $1,000 x 1.157625 = $1,157.625 ≈ $1,157.63
Consider the following 4 bonds A B C D:(a) What is the percentage change in the price of each bond if its yields to maturity falls from 6% to 5%
Answer:
Answer is explained and solved in the explanation section below.
Explanation:
Note: This question is not complete and lacks necessary data to solve. But I have found a similar question on internet and will be using its's data to solve this question for the sake of concept and understanding.
Data Missing:
Bonds Coupon Rates Maturity
A 0% 15 years
B 0% 10 years
C 4% 15 years
D 8% 10 years
Par Value = $1000
Required = % age change in price of bonds, if yields to maturity falls from 6% to 5%.
New YTM = 5%
Old YTM = 6%
For Bond A:
Formula for Old Price = PV(6%, maturity, -annual coupon, -1000)
You need to put this function into Microsoft Excel to solve for old price.
Annual coupon formula = $1000 x coupon rate.
So,
We have,
Maturity = 15 years
Annual Coupon = $1000 x 0% = 0
Old price = PV(6%, maturity, -annual coupon, -1000)
Old price = PV(6%, 15, 0, -1000)
Old Price = $417.27
Now, for new price:
Formula for New Price = PV(5%, maturity, -annual coupon, -1000)
New Price = PV(5%, maturity, -annual coupon, -1000)
New Price = PV(5%, 15, 0, -1000)
New Price = $481.02
Now, we need to find the %age change of bond A.
%age change = (New Price - Old Price) divided by Old Price x 100
%age change = ( $481.02 - $417.27) / ($417.27) x 100
%age change = 15.28%
For bond B:
Old Price = PV(6%, maturity, -annual coupon, -1000)
Maturity = 10 years
Annual Coupon = $1000 x 0% = 0
Old Price = PV(6%, 10, 0, -1000)
Old Price = $558.39
For New Price:
New Price = PV(5%, maturity, -annual coupon, -1000)
New Price = PV(5%, 10, 0, -1000)
New Price = $613.91
%age change = (New Price - Old Price) divided by Old Price x 100
%age change = ( $613.91 - $558.39) / ($558.39) x 100
%age change = 9.94%
For Bond C:
Old Price = PV(6%, maturity, -annual coupon, -1000)
Maturity = 15 years
Annual Coupon = $1000 x 4% = 40
Old Price = PV(6%, 15, -40, -1000)
Old Price = $805.76
New Price = PV(5%, maturity, -annual coupon, -1000)
New Price = PV(5%, 15, -40, -1000)
New Price = $896.20
%age change = (New Price - Old Price) divided by Old Price x 100
%age change = ( $896.20 - $804.76) / ($805.76) x 100
%age change = 11.23%
For Bond D:
Old Price = PV(6%, maturity, -annual coupon, -1000)
Maturity = 10 years
Annual Coupon = $1000 x 8% = 80
Old Price = PV(6%, 10, -80, -1000)
Old Price = $1,147.20
New Price = PV(5%, maturity, -annual coupon, -1000)
New Price = PV(5%, 10, -80, -1000)
New Price = $1,231.65
%age change = (New Price - Old Price) divided by Old Price x 100
%age change = ( $1231.65 - $1147.20) / ($1147.20) x 100
%age change = 7.36%
Hence,
% age change of A = 15.28%
% age change of B = 9.94%
% age change of C = 11.23%
% age change of D = 7.36%
For financial accounting purposes, what is the total amount of product costs incurred to make 20,250 units
Answer:
$411,075
Explanation:
Calculation for the total amount of product costs incurred to make 20,250 units
First step is to calculate Variable manufacturing cost per unit
Direct materials 7.70
Direct labor Variable 4.70
Variable manufacturing overhead 2.20
Variable manufacturing cost per unit $14.6
Second step is to calculate Total variable manufacturing cost
Variable manufacturing cost per unit$14.6
*Number of units produced 20,250 units
=Total variable manufacturing cost $295,650
($14.6*20,250)
Second step is to calculate Total fixed manufacturing cost
Fixed manufacturing overhead per unit $5.70
xNumber of units used to calculate fixed cost per unit 20,250 units
=Total fixed manufacturing cost $115,425
($5.70*20,250)
Now let calculate Total product cost
Total product cost = $295,650+$115,425
Total product cost=$411,075
Therefore the total amount of product costs incurred to make 20,250 units is $411,075