Wonka Industries is owned by Archie and Bobby. Archie owns 600 of Wonka’s shares and Bobby owns 400 shares. In order to qualify for sale or exchange treatment under Section 302(b)(1) through (3), what is the least number of shares that Archie would need redeemed?

Statistical process control (SPC) is appropriate for an organization when it is infeasible to inspect every part manufactured by a company.

SPC is a quality control method that uses statistical techniques to monitor and control a process. It involves collecting data on the output of a process and using statistical tools to analyze the data and identify any patterns or trends that may indicate a problem with the process.

By monitoring the process in real-time, SPC allows organizations to detect and correct issues before they lead to defects or other quality problems.

In situations where it is not feasible to inspect every part manufactured by a company, SPC can be an effective tool for ensuring product quality. Instead of relying on random inspections, which may not catch all defects, SPC provides ongoing monitoring of the production process and helps identify potential issues early on.

This can save time and money by reducing the need for rework or scrap, while also improving customer satisfaction by delivering high-quality products.

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The exchange rate is the interest rate that foreign banks receive when borrowing money from the United States.That statement is not accurate.

An exchange rate is the rate at which one currency can be exchanged for another. It is the value of one currency expressed in terms of another currency.

For example, the exchange rate between the US dollar and the euro determines how many euros can be exchanged for one US dollar.

Interest rates, on the other hand, are the rates at which banks lend money to borrowers or pay depositors for holding their money in a bank account.

Interest rates can affect exchange rates indirectly by influencing the demand for a currency, but they are not the same thing as exchange rates.

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The agile planning artifact that should be updated at least once semi-annually is the product roadmap.

The product roadmap provides a high-level overview of the product vision, goals, and priorities.

As the market and customer needs evolve, it's essential to revisit and update the product roadmap to ensure that it aligns with the current business objectives and delivers value to the customers.

Keeping the product roadmap up-to-date enables the agile team to make informed decisions about what features to prioritize, what technical improvements to make, and how to plan for future releases.

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The NPV is positive, which means that the project is profitable at a 3% discount rate.

To calculate the NPV, we need to discount the future cash flows to their present value using the given discount rate. The formula to calculate NPV is:

NPV = CF0 + CF1/(1+r)^1 + CF2/(1+r)^2 + CF3/(1+r)^3

where CF0 is the initial investment, CF1 is the cash flow in year 1, CF2 is the cash flow in year 2, CF3 is the cash flow in year 3, and r is the discount rate.

a1. Table to calculate NPV assuming a 6% discount rate:

| Year | Cash Flow | Present Value |

NPV = -$230,000 + $7,547 + $9,880 + $198,283 = $-14,290

Therefore, the NPV is negative, which means that the project is not profitable at a 6% discount rate.

Year | Cash Flow | Present Value

NPV = -$230,000 + $7,766 + $10,582 + $218,924 = $7,272

Therefore, the NPV is positive, which means that the project is profitable at a 3% discount rate.

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Corporate entrepreneurship is defined as the process of fostering an entrepreneurial mindset, culture, and approach within an established company. This involves promoting innovation, creativity, and flexibility to help the business grow and adapt to changing market conditions.

A company may have been working on becoming more entrepreneurial for several years or even decades. The duration depends on the organization's history, leadership, and strategic goals.

Some common difficulties faced while promoting corporate entrepreneurship include resistance to change, lack of resources, bureaucratic processes, and challenges in fostering a risk-taking culture. To address these issues, companies can:

1. Encourage open communication and idea sharing among employees at all levels.
2. Implement training and development programs to enhance entrepreneurial skills.
3. Offer incentives and rewards for innovative ideas and initiatives.
4. Streamline decision-making processes to enable swift action on new opportunities.
5. Establish cross-functional teams to break down silos and foster collaboration.

By addressing these challenges, a company can create an environment that supports corporate entrepreneurship and drives long-term growth and success.

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Amanda should examine the relative strengths and weaknesses of each solution.

This means that she needs to carefully evaluate each alternative provided by her team members and determine the potential outcomes of implementing each solution.

She needs to consider the impact of each solution on the organization's goals and objectives, as well as the budget reduction target. By doing so, she can weigh the pros and cons of each solution and select the one that offers the best balance of benefits and drawbacks.

It is important for Amanda to involve her team members in the evaluation process to get their input and feedback on each solution. This approach will help her make an informed decision that is in the best interest of the organization and its stakeholders.

Ultimately, by carefully evaluating each solution, Amanda can make a well-informed decision that will help her achieve the budget reduction target while also preserving the organization's performance and effectiveness.

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Expected value is a mathematical concept that represents the average outcome of a probability distribution.

Expected value of project A = (0.55 x 20,000) + (0.45 x -15,000) = 9,250

Expected value of project B = (0.5 x 15,000) + (0.5 x 7,000) = 11,000

Expected value of project C = (0.25 x 10,000) + (0.75 x 1,000) = 2,750

Based on the expected values, the firm should undertake project B as it has the highest expected profit.

To calculate the variance of each project, we need to first calculate the squared deviations of each possible profit from the expected value, multiply them by their respective probabilities, and sum the results.

Variance of project A = (0.55 x (20,000 - 9,250)^2) + (0.45 x (-15,000 - 9,250)^2) = 17,648,125

Variance of project B = (0.5 x (15,000 - 11,000)^2) + (0.5 x (7,000 - 11,000)^2) = 8,000,000

Variance of project C = (0.25 x (10,000 - 2,750)^2) + (0.75 x (1,000 - 2,750)^2) = 4,484,375

To calculate the standard deviation of each project, we need to take the square root of the variance.

Standard deviation of project A = sqrt(17,648,125) = 4,204.20

Standard deviation of project B = sqrt(8,000,000) = 2,828.43

Standard deviation of project C = sqrt(4,484,375) = 2,118.03

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C: Entrepreneurial opportunities exists when there is a need in the market that can be satisfied by new goods or services.

Entrepreneurial opportunities refer to situations where there is a need in the market that can be met by new goods or services. These opportunities arise when entrepreneurs identify gaps or unfulfilled needs in the marketplace and develop innovative solutions to address them. Successful entrepreneurship requires identifying these opportunities and having the skills and resources to turn them into successful businesses.

Understanding market trends, consumer needs, and technological developments can help entrepreneurs identify potential opportunities and develop successful business strategies. By taking advantage of these opportunities, entrepreneurs can create new products and services, generate economic growth, and create new jobs.

Option C is answer.

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Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) is a technology that enables the direct exchange of information between computers.

It is a standardized method for transferring business documents, such as invoices and purchase orders, electronically between organizations. EDI streamlines communication and reduces the need for manual data entry, resulting in increased efficiency and accuracy in business transactions. Unlike the Internet, which relies on a global network of interconnected devices, EDI focuses specifically on structured data exchange between computer systems. Fax machines and ERP systems, while useful for certain tasks, do not offer the same direct data transfer capabilities as EDI. In summary, EDI is the technology that best features the direct exchange of information between computers, providing a secure and efficient means for organizations to communicate and conduct business transactions.

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Public relations and publicity, sales promotions, personal selling, and advertising are all part of Forever Yours' promotion mix.

The promotion mix, also known as the marketing communications mix, consists of the various tools and strategies that a company uses to communicate and promote its products or services to its target market.

Public relations and publicity involve creating and maintaining a favorable image and relationship between the company and its stakeholders, including customers, employees, investors, and the public.

Sales promotions are short-term incentives or activities that are designed to increase sales, such as coupons, discounts, contests, and free samples.

Personal selling involves face-to-face communication between a salesperson and a potential customer, with the goal of persuading the customer to make a purchase.

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Marketers often begin the data collection phase of a research project by gathering secondary data. This type of information may come from both internal and external sources.

Internal sources refer to data that is already available within the organization, such as sales reports, customer feedback, and financial records. External sources, on the other hand, refer to data that is collected from outside the organization, such as published reports, industry statistics, and market research studies.

The use of secondary data is an efficient and cost-effective method of conducting research since it does not involve collecting data from scratch. Secondary data can provide a wealth of information on the industry, market trends, consumer behavior, and competitors. It can also help identify gaps in knowledge and guide the development of research questions.

However, it is important to note that secondary data may not always be accurate, relevant, or up-to-date. Therefore, it is crucial for marketers to critically evaluate the sources of secondary data, assess their quality and reliability, and ensure that they are relevant to the research objectives. Marketers should also consider complementing secondary data with primary data, which involves collecting data directly from consumers through surveys, interviews, and observations. By combining both types of data, marketers can gain a more comprehensive understanding of the market and make better-informed decisions.

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The entry to record the sale on the seller's books would include a debit to Accounts Receivable for $400 (the invoice price) and a credit to the Sales account for $400 i.e. option A. The credit terms of 2/10, n/30 mean that the buyer can take a 2% discount if they pay within 10 days, otherwise the full amount is due within 30 days, however, the buyer did not take the discount and paid the full invoice price of $400.

To answer this question, follow these steps:

1. Identify the invoice price of the merchandise: $400
2. Understand the credit terms: 2/10, n/30 (2% discount if paid within 10 days, otherwise the net amount is due within 30 days)
3. Determine the original cost of the merchandise: $210

Since the seller is recording the sale, the focus should be on the invoice price, which is the amount that the buyer is supposed to pay. The credit terms (2/10, n/30) are irrelevant for recording the sale on the seller's books. The original cost of the merchandise is also irrelevant for this entry.

Therefore, the entry to record the sale on the seller's books would include a debit to Accounts Receivable and a credit to the Sales account of $400.

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Theory X is a management approach that assumes workers are inherently untrustworthy and unmotivated. Managers who follow this theory believe that employees lack ambition, prefer to be directed, and must be controlled to achieve organizational goals. Consequently, Theory X managers typically use strict supervision, rigid policies, and close monitoring to ensure tasks are completed.

Workers under Theory X management are often treated as cogs in the machine, rather than individuals with unique skills and ideas. This approach can lead to a lack of job satisfaction and decreased morale among employees, potentially resulting in lower productivity and higher employee turnover.

However, it is important to note that Theory X is not universally applicable to all workers or workplaces. Some employees may indeed require more guidance and oversight, while others may thrive in a more self-directed and trusting environment.

An alternative to Theory X is Theory Y, which posits that workers are generally motivated, responsible, and seek to contribute positively to the organization. Managers who adopt Theory Y are more likely to utilize participative management styles, empowering employees to make decisions and take responsibility for their work.

In conclusion, Theory X managers view their workers as untrustworthy and unmotivated, often resulting in strict supervision and control. While this approach may be suitable for certain situations, it is essential for managers to adapt their style based on individual workers and the organizational context to foster a productive and positive work environment.

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If Rareair has agreed to price high with Uptown and Uptown decides to cheat and price low, then Uptown can potentially increase its payout by a significant amount. This is because Rareair may have agreed to pay Uptown a certain amount based on the high prices that were agreed upon.

If Uptown prices low and still manages to sell a significant amount of products, then their profits will increase and Rareair may have to pay them more as a result. However, it is important to note that cheating in an agreement is not ethical and can have negative consequences in the long run. Rareair may choose to terminate their partnership with Uptown if they discover that Uptown has been cheating and not following the agreed upon terms. Additionally, Uptown's reputation may be tarnished if it is discovered that they have not been operating honestly. In general, it is always best to honor agreements and operate with integrity. Low prices may seem like a good idea in the short term, but they can have negative consequences in the long run. By honoring agreements and maintaining fair prices, businesses can build strong relationships with their partners and customers and ensure long-term success.

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The correct answer is "minimizing autonomy."

The characteristic of "minimizing autonomy" is not a characteristic of strategic implementation of the McDonald's Corporation. McDonald's has a global hierarchy for all its operations, which means it has a centralized structure with clear lines of authority and decision-making power.

However, this does not mean that McDonald's seeks to minimize autonomy or restrict the decision-making power of individual franchisees or restaurants.

In fact, McDonald's encourages learning and sharing across its more than 36,000 restaurants and supports the independence of its franchisees, who own and operate approximately 80% of McDonald's restaurants worldwide and nearly 90% in the U.S.

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Therefore, the expected or percent yield of the bond, weighted by the probability of default, is 11.88%, rounded to 2 decimal places.

The expected yield of the bond, we can use the internal rate of return (IRR) function in Excel or a financial calculator. The expected cash flows from the bond are:

Year 1: $50 (5% x $1,000)

Year 2: $1,050 ($50 + $1,000)

Default: $440 ($1,000 x 44%)

The expected yield, we need to find the discount rate that equates the present value of these cash flows to the current bond price of 86%. Using the IRR function in Excel, we can input the following cash flows as a series of values (-86, 50, 1050, -440) and find that the expected yield is 11.88%.

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Short-run production relationships refer to the relationships between a firm's inputs and outputs in the short run, when at least one input is fixed.

(i) Three short-run production relationships are:

1. Total Product (TP) - Total product is the total quantity of output produced by a firm using a given amount of inputs. As the amount of inputs increases, the total product may increase at a decreasing rate, reach a maximum, and eventually decrease.

2. Marginal Product (MP) - Marginal product is the additional output produced by using one more unit of a particular input while holding all other inputs constant. As more units of the input are added, the marginal product may increase initially, reach a maximum, and eventually decrease.

3. Average Product (AP) - Average product is the total product divided by the number of inputs used. It represents the productivity of each unit of input. As the number of inputs used increases, the average product may increase at a decreasing rate, reach a maximum, and eventually decrease.

(ii) Business owners and managers would care about short-run production relationships because they can use this information to make decisions about how much of each input to use in order to maximize profits. For example, they may want to know the point at which marginal product begins to decrease in order to avoid using too much of a particular input, which could result in diminishing returns and lower profits. They can also use the average product to determine the most efficient level of input usage. Additionally, knowing the total product can help businesses set production goals and forecast output levels.

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The interest expense that Patricia paid during 2021 may she deduct as an itemized deduction is $78,600.

Patricia purchased a home for $1,410,000 with a down payment of $100,000 and financed the remaining $1,310,000 with a loan at 6 percent interest. For 5 years she made interest-only payments of $78,600 each. You want to know the amount of the $78,600 interest expense paid during 2021 that Patricia may deduct as an itemized deduction (assuming not married filing separately).

Patricia may deduct the entire $78,600 interest expense paid during 2021 as an itemized deduction. Here's the step-by-step explanation:

1. Patricia took a loan of $1,310,000 at 6% interest.
2. She made interest-only payments every year, which amount to $78,600 (6% of $1,310,000).
3. For the tax year 2021, Patricia made another interest payment of $78,600.
4. As the mortgage interest expense is an itemized deduction and Patricia is not married filing separately, she can deduct the entire $78,600 interest expense on her 2021 tax return.

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In the example provided, Mr. Farmer borrows $100,000 for one year with a simple interest rate of 5%. To calculate the interest he will pay for borrowing the money, we use the formula: Principal x Interest Rate x Time. In this case, it is 100,000 x 5% x 1, which equals $5,000. This means that Mr. Farmer will pay $5,000 in interest to borrow the money for one year.

It's important to note that simple interest does not include any additional fees that may be associated with loans, such as origination or service fees. These fees can increase the total cost of a loan, but they are not included in the simple interest calculation. As a result, simple interest may not accurately reflect the full cost of borrowing money.

Furthermore, simple interest does not take into account the compounding effects of interest charged over time. Compounding refers to the process of earning interest on both the principal and the previously earned interest, which can increase the total amount of interest paid on a loan.

Simple interest calculations only consider interest earned on the original principal amount, which can result in an underestimation of the total interest paid over time.

In summary, while simple interest provides a straightforward method for calculating the interest paid on a loan, it does not include additional fees or the compounding effects of interest over time. Consequently, it may not accurately represent the true cost of borrowing money.

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The equation method to calculate normal capacity is as follows: Normal Capacity = (Total Fixed Costs + Total Variable Costs)/Contribution Margin per Unit

First, we need to calculate the contribution margin per unit:

Contribution Margin per Unit = Selling Price per Unit - Variable Cost per Unit

Contribution Margin per Unit = $50.00 - ($10.00 + $8.00 + $7.00 + $10.00)

Contribution Margin per Unit = $15.00

Next, we need to calculate the total fixed costs:

Total Fixed Costs = Fixed Manufacturing Overhead + Fixed Selling & Administrative Expenses

Total Fixed Costs = $450,000 + $300,000

Total Fixed Costs = $750,000

Finally, we can use the equation method to calculate normal capacity:

Normal Capacity = ($750,000 + (100,000 units x $15.00))/ $15.00

Normal Capacity = ($750,000 + $1,500,000)/ $15.00

Normal Capacity = $2,250,000/ $15.00

Normal Capacity = 150,000 units

Therefore, the normal capacity of the business is 150,000 units.

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After the termination of a property agreement, the property manager is usually required to reconcile all monies and give a final accounting within a reasonable period of time. However, the specific time frame may vary depending on the terms of the agreement and state laws.

In general, property managers have a fiduciary duty to act in the best interests of their clients and to handle their funds with care. This means that they must keep accurate records of all transactions, including rent payments, security deposits, and expenses, and provide regular reports to their clients. When a property agreement is terminated, the property manager must provide a final accounting that shows all income and expenses during the term of the agreement, as well as any outstanding balances or obligations. This should be done as soon as possible after the termination, ideally within a few weeks or a month. If the property manager fails to provide a final accounting or is found to have mishandled funds, they may be subject to legal action and penalties. Property owners should always review their property agreements carefully and work with reputable property managers who have a track record of responsible financial management.

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To find the total cost per unit when given variable cost per unit including direct materials, direct labor, overhead, and selling and general administrative costs along with fixed costs including overhead, selling, and general administrative.

To find the total cost per unit, you need to add up the variable cost per unit and the fixed cost per unit. The formula is as follows:

Total cost per unit = Variable cost per unit + Fixed cost per unit

Once you have the total cost per unit, you can use it to determine the selling price for the unit. If you are given a target market price, you can use the following formula to find the required markup:

Markup = (Target market price - Total cost per unit) / Total cost per unit

Once you have the markup, you can add it to the total cost per unit to determine the selling price for the unit:

Selling price per unit = Total cost per unit + (Total cost per unit x Markup)
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The answer to your question is that any part of an organization whose manager has control over and is accountable for cost, profit, or investments can be categorized as a cost center, profit center, or investment center.

A cost center is responsible for managing and controlling costs within a company, while a profit center is responsible for generating revenue and maximizing profits. An investment center is responsible for making strategic investment decisions that will generate long-term returns for the company.

Each of these centers plays a critical role in ensuring the success and profitability of an organization.

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In an organization, there are different types of centers that managers have control over and are accountable for, such as cost centers, profit centers, and investment centers.

Cost centers are parts of an organization where the manager is responsible for controlling and minimizing costs without any direct control over revenue generation. Examples include departments like human resources, IT, or administrative services. The primary goal of a cost center manager is to enhance efficiency and reduce expenses to support the overall profitability of the organization.

Profit centers, on the other hand, are responsible for both generating revenue and controlling costs. Managers of profit centers focus on maximizing profitability by increasing sales and managing expenses. These could be specific product lines or business units within the organization. Their performance is usually measured by comparing the revenues generated against the costs incurred.

Investment centers are responsible for managing both profit and investments. Managers in these centers are not only accountable for generating profits but also for making decisions about capital investments, such as acquisitions or investing in new projects. This includes allocating resources effectively and ensuring a high return on investment. Investment centers play a crucial role in the long-term growth and financial health of an organization.

In summary, each center type has a distinct role and accountability in an organization. Cost centers focus on reducing costs, profit centers emphasize generating revenue and managing expenses, while investment centers concentrate on making wise investment decisions for long-term success.

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The total depreciation expense for the life of the asset under the straight-line method is: $22,725 + $30,300 + $30,300 + $30,300 = $113,625. So, the  answer is $113,625..

For calculating depreciation expense for Sheridan Enterprises' equipment:

1. Determine the initial cost of the equipment: $136,200.
2. Determine the estimated residual value: $15,000.
3. Calculate the depreciable amount by subtracting the residual value from the initial cost: $136,200 - $15,000 = $121,200.
4. Determine the useful life of the equipment: 4 years.
5. Calculate the annual depreciation expense by dividing the depreciable amount by the useful life: $121,200 / 4 = $30,300 per year.
6. Since Sheridan pro-rates depreciation to the nearest month, we need to calculate the monthly depreciation expense: $30,300 / 12 = $2,525 per month.

Now, let's determine the depreciation expense for each year:
- 2020: 9 months (April to December) * $2,525 = $22,725
- 2021: 12 months * $2,525 = $30,300
- 2022: 12 months * $2,525 = $30,300
- 2023: 12 months * $2,525 = $30,300

The total depreciation expense for the life of the asset under the straight-line method is: $22,725 + $30,300 + $30,300 + $30,300 = $113,625.  

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When a nation's real gross domestic product (GDP) grows at a higher rate than its population over a given period of time, it can be concluded that the nation is experiencing an increase in per capita GDP.

If a nation's real gross domestic product (GDP) grows at a higher rate than its population over a given period of time, it can be concluded that the country is experiencing economic growth. This is because the real GDP represents the total value of goods and services produced by a nation's economy, adjusted for inflation, and is often used as a measure of economic output. When the real GDP growth rate is higher than the population growth rate, it means that the economy is producing more goods and services per capita, which can lead to higher standards of living for the population.

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When calculating the elasticity of demand (E), a relatively inelastic demand (0 < E < 1) indicates that large changes in price cause small changes in quantity demanded.

In this case, it means that changes in price cause proportionately smaller changes in quantity demanded. This can be due to a variety of factors, such as the availability of substitutes, consumers' habits, and preferences, or the necessity of the product.

For example, if the price of gasoline increases, consumers may continue to purchase the same amount because they need it to fuel their cars and do not have viable alternatives. Understanding the elasticity of demand is crucial for businesses to make informed decisions about pricing strategies and forecasting demand.

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The Fed should increase the money supply to lower the interest rate, ultimately stabilizing aggregate demand.

To stabilize aggregate demand, the Federal Reserve (Fed) should intervene by adjusting the money supply.

In this case, the correct course of action for the Fed would be to increase the money supply. This action will lower the interest rate, making borrowing cheaper for consumers and businesses.

With lower interest rates, individuals and companies are more likely to take loans, invest, and spend, thus stimulating the economy and restoring aggregate demand.

In summary, when consumer confidence drops due to external factors such as terrorism threats, the Fed should increase the money supply to lower the interest rate, ultimately stabilizing aggregate demand.

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When inventory valuation is based on an appropriately established and effective standard cost system, an insignificant favorable net variance may be reported as an expense of the current period.

This is because the standard cost system establishes a predetermined standard cost for each unit of inventory, which is used to value the inventory at the end of the period. Any difference between the actual cost and the standard cost is recorded as a variance. If the net variance is insignificant, it is generally considered immaterial and can be expensed in the current period. However, if the net variance is significant, it may need to be investigated and resolved, as it could indicate issues with the standard cost system or the production process. In this case, the cumulative variances would need to be recognized and the explanatory notes to the financial statements would explain the disposition of the net variance.

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Onboarding activities are an important part of the employee experience, helping new employees feel welcomed, supported, and equipped for success. By focusing on orientation, socialization, training, and development, organizations can create a positive onboarding experience that sets employees up for long-term success.

Onboarding activities are designed to help new employees feel welcomed, integrated, and prepared to contribute to the organization. They typically include orientation, socialization, training, and development. However, one of the options listed is not an onboarding activity.

Option D, teamwork, is not typically considered an onboarding activity. While teamwork is certainly important for new employees to feel included and supported, it is not typically considered part of the onboarding process. Rather, teamwork is a broader organizational goal that requires ongoing attention and support.

Orientation typically includes an introduction to the company's culture, policies, and procedures. Socialization involves helping new employees feel comfortable with their colleagues and work environment. Training provides employees with the skills and knowledge they need to perform their job duties effectively. Development activities help employees grow and advance within the organization.

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Johnson Company has been purchased by Franklin for $601,700 and assets and liabilities acquired are of $1,554,000 and $582,000 respectively. It has reported a net income of $96,000 and dividend declared equal to $40,000. The investment in financial records of Franklin will be of option B - $624,100 as per equity method balance.

Explanation:

a) The Investment in Johnson Company balance (equity method) in Franklin's financial records as of December 31 is $624,100.

To calculate this, we start with the initial investment of $601,700. We then add our share of Johnson's net income for the year, which is 40% of $96,000, or $38,400. This gives us a total of $640,100. However, we must subtract our share of Johnson's dividends for the year, which is 40% of $40,000, or $16,000. This gives us a final balance of $624,100.

b) The equity method is used when an investor has significant influence over the operating and financing policies of the investee. In this case, Franklin's purchase of 40% of Johnson Company gave them this significant influence. Under the equity method, the initial investment is recorded on the balance sheet, and then adjusted each period based on the investor's share of the investee's net income and dividends. The result is a more accurate reflection of the investor's economic interest in the investee, as it takes into account both the initial investment and subsequent changes in the investee's financial position.

Thus, option B is the right answer.

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