(a). The rate of change in the concentration of [tex]H_{2}O[/tex] and the rate of change in the concentration of [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] is: 0.072 M/s.
(b). The rate of consumption of [tex]O_{2}[/tex] is: 0.10 mol [tex]O_{2}[/tex] per second.
What is concentration?
a) To determine the rates of change in the concentrations of [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] and [tex]H_{2}O[/tex] , we first need to determine the stoichiometric coefficients of each reactant and product in the balanced chemical equation.
From the balanced chemical equation:
1 mol [tex]C_{2}H_{4}[/tex] reacts to form 2 mol [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] and 2 mol [tex]H_{2}O[/tex].
Therefore, the rate of change in the concentration of [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] is:
(0.036 M/s) x (2 mol [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] /1 mol [tex]C_{2}H_{4}[/tex]) = 0.072 M/s
The rate of change in the concentration of [tex]H_{2}O[/tex] is also:
(0.036 M/s) x (2 mol [tex]H_{2}O[/tex] /1 mol [tex]C_{2}H_{4}[/tex]) = 0.072 M/s
What is consumption?
b) To find the rate of consumption of [tex]C_{2}H_{4}[/tex], we can use the formula:
rate = Δ[ [tex]C_{2}H_{4}[/tex]]/Δt
Initially, the concentration of [tex]C_{2}H_{4}[/tex] is:
n/V = 2 mol / 2.0 L = 1.0 M
After 1 minute, the concentration of [tex]C_{2}H_{4}[/tex] is:
n/V = 2 mol / 2.0 L = 1.0 M
(change in concentration is 0)
Therefore, the rate of consumption of [tex]C_{2}H_{4}[/tex] is:
rate = Δ[ [tex]C_{2}H_{4}[/tex]]/Δt = (1.0 M - 1.0 M) / 60 s = 0 M/s
The rate of [tex]O_{2}[/tex] consumption can be found by using the stoichiometric ratio between [tex]C_{2}H_{4}[/tex] and [tex]O_{2}[/tex] in the balanced chemical equation:
1 mol [tex]C_{2}H_{4}[/tex] reacts with 3 mol [tex]O_{2}[/tex] .
Initially, we have 6 mol [tex]O_{2}[/tex] in the container.
After 1 minute, 2 mol [tex]C_{2}H_{4}[/tex] are consumed, which corresponds to the consumption of 6 mol [tex]O_{2}[/tex] :
6 mol [tex]O_{2}[/tex] / 2 mol [tex]C_{2}H_{4}[/tex] = 3 mol [tex]O_{2}[/tex] / 1 mol [tex]C_{2}H_{4}[/tex]
Therefore, the rate of consumption of [tex]O_{2}[/tex] is:
rate = (3 mol [tex]O_{2}[/tex] / 1 mol [tex]C_{2}H_{4}[/tex]) x (0.0333 mol [tex]C_{2}H_{4}[/tex]/s) = 0.10 mol [tex]O_{2}[/tex] per second.
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40 grams of KCI are dissolved in 100 mL of water at 45C. How many additional grams of KCI are needed to make the solution saturated at 80 C?
According to the question 32 g of KCI are needed to make the solution saturated at 80 C
What is solution saturated?Solution saturated is a term used to describe a solution that has reached its maximum solute concentration and can no longer dissolve any more solute. This occurs when the number of solute particles in the solution is equal to the number of solvent molecules. When the solution is saturated, any additional solute added to it will simply form a precipitate or settle out of the solution.
At 80°C, the saturation point of KCl is approximately 132 g/L, so in order to make the solution saturated, you need to add an additional 32 g of KCl. To calculate this, you can use the following equation:
(Saturation concentration at 80°C - Initial concentration at 45°C) x Volume = Additional grams of KCl
(132 g/L - 40 g/L) x 100 mL = 32 g.
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Solve the ideal gas equation for moles
PV = nRT
Forty miles above the earth's surface the temperature is 290 K and the pressure is only 0.19 mm Hg. What is the density of air (in grams per liter) at this altitude? (Assume the molar mass of air is 29 g/mol.)
We can use the ideal gas law to solve this problem:
PV = nRT
Where: P = pressure = 0.19 mm Hg = 0.000252 kPa (convert to kPa) V = volume (we'll assume 1 liter to make the density calculation easier) n = number of moles of air R = gas constant = 8.31 J/(mol*K) T = temperature = 290 K
First, let's convert the pressure:
0.19 mm Hg = 0.19/760 kPa 0.19/760 kPa = 0.000252 kPa
Now we can rearrange the ideal gas law to solve for density:
n/V = P/RT
n/V = (0.000252 kPa)/(8.31 J/(mol*K) * 290 K)
n/V = 1.204 * 10^(-5) mol/L
To get density, we need to multiply by the molar mass of air:
density = (1.204 * 10^(-5) mol/L) * 29 g/mol
density = 0.000349 g/L
Therefore, the density of air at this altitude is approximately 0.000349 grams per liter (g/L).
Which statement about the reaction between calcium oxide and water is correct?
a) 65.2 kJ of heat are released for every mole of CaO that reacts.
b) 130 kJ of heat are released for every mole of H2O that reacts.
c) 130 kJ of heat are absorbed for every mole of CaO that reacts.
d) 65.2 kJ of heat are absorbed for every mole of H2O that reacts.
The heat that is released is 1600 J
65.2 kJ of heat are released for every mole of CaO that reacts.
What is the heat released?For every mole of CaO that combines with water, 65.2 kJ of heat are generated, according to thermodynamic statistics. As a result, a considerable amount of heat is emitted throughout the reaction, making it highly exothermic.
We know that;
H = mcdT
H = heat absorbed or evolved
m = mass of the substance
c = Heat capacity of the substance
dT = temperature change.
H = 60 * 1 * (43 - 70)
H = -1600 J
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What does X represent for this transmutation? 9 4Be + 4₂He X+ ¹on ?
The result of the transformation, denoted by the symbol X, is 12 6C.
What does the radioactive decay symbol X stand for?The chemical symbol for the unstable nucleus, X, is represented by the nuclear equation, where the letter a stands for the particle's mass number and the letter b for the number of protons.
What is atom transmutation?the process of changing one chemical element into another. Since a transmutation involves a change to the atomic nuclei's structure, it can either be produced via a nuclear reaction (q.v. ), like neutron capture, or it can happen naturally due to radioactive decay, like alpha and beta decay (qq. v.).
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whats the answer and why?
I would say C
Since the nitro group (NO2) contains a positively charged nitrogen atom, it tends to attract electron from the aromatic ring and, therefore, the other group/atom. In the first case, I think piridine (II) makes a stronger bond with water since the nitrogen in the aromatic ring needs its electrons in order to be have a slight negative charge that can interact with the slightly positive charged hydrogen atom in water. If the nitro group is present, it will attract to some extent the electrons of the nitrogen atom in the ring, thus making the H-bond less stronger.
In the second case the hydrogen, which is slightly positive, of the OH group interacts with the oxygen, which is slightly negative, of water. If the nitro group is present, it will attract the electrons of oxygen of the hydroxyl group, therefore making the bond between the oxygen and the hydrogen more polar (which basically means that the bonding electron of hydrogen is even more attracted by the oxygen atom) making the hydrogen atom more positive, which means that the H-bond will be stronger
5. An unknown metal has a mass of 4.67 g. It is heated to 95.1°C and then placed in a
calorimeter that contains 24.3 g of water at 21.7°C. The metal and water both reach
a final temperature of 24.6°C. What is the specific heat of this metal? What is the
unknown metal?
The unknown metal with C(metal) of 0.90J/gC and mass of 4.67g is aluminum.
CalorimeterThe metal's specific heat is calculated using the heat equation. It is important to note that the total heat (Q), which is the sum of the two heats (Qwater and Qmetal), is equal to zero at equilibrium.
Now, Q(total)=Q(water)+Q(metal)
0=m(water)
The specific heat of water, C(water), is equal to 4.18 J/g, while the other two components are water and metal.
The temperature of a metal is known as C(metal).
With the given values all substituted, we obtain 0=m(water) C(water)T(water) +m(metal).
CmetalΔTmetal=(24.3g)(4.184J/g°C) (24.6°C−21.7°C)+(4.67g) (Cmetal)(24.6°C−95.1°C)
The metal's specific heat is given by the equation C(metal)=0.90J/gC, which is simplified by placing C(metal) on one side of the equation.
Part (b):As a result, aluminum is the metal.
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Given the following data for water:
Heat of fusion = 334 J/g
Heat of vaporization = 2,256 J/g
Specific heat of solid = 2.09 J/g °C)
Specific heat of liquid = 4.184 J/g °C)
Specific heat of gas = 1.84 J/g °C)
Calculate how much energy is needed to change 100.0 grams of liquid water at 15.0 °C to vapor at 125.0 °C. (3 points)
Oa
O
b
44,000 J
89,400 J
104,000 J
266,000 J
Mary claims that two Duluth Solutions will have a lower reaction rate than two concentrated Solutions which statement tells whether Mary is right and gives a correct explanation a she is right because there will be fewer successful collisions between reactants and the dilute Solutions B be she is right because the Duluth solution gives the molecule more space to move more quickly see she is not right because of the dilute solution gives the molecules more room to move around and align themselves well for collisions or D she is not right because there will be fewer successful collisions between reactants in the dilute Solutions.
The correct statement that tells whether Mary is right is: A) She is right because there will be fewer successful collisions between reactants in the dilute solutions.
What is Collision?
Collision refers to the physical interaction between two or more objects, particles, or molecules that come into contact with each other. In the context of chemistry and physics, collision often refers to the interaction between particles during a chemical reaction.
The rate of a chemical reaction is influenced by several factors, including the concentration of reactants. In general, higher concentration of reactants leads to a higher reaction rate, as it increases the frequency of collisions between reactant molecules, which is an essential step in most chemical reactions.
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If the volume of a gas at -40.0°C is doubled to 80.0 L, calculate the final temperature in degrees Celsius.
The final temperature of the gas after doubling its volume to 80.0 L at -40.0°C is also -40.0°C.
What is the final temperature?To calculate the final temperature of the gas after doubling its volume from 40.0 L to 80.0 L at -40.0°C, we can use the combined gas law, which relates the initial and final states of a gas undergoing a change in temperature, pressure, and volume.
The combined gas law is given by:
(P1 * V1) / T1 = (P2 * V2) / T2
where:
P1 = Initial pressure of the gasV1 = Initial volume of the gasT1 = Initial temperature of the gasP2 = Final pressure of the gasV2 = Final volume of the gasT2 = Final temperature of the gas (which we need to calculate)Since the problem statement only provides information about the volumes of the gas and the initial temperature, we can assume that the pressure remains constant, and we can rearrange the equation to solve for T2:
T2 = (P2 * V2 * T1) / (P1 * V1)
Since the pressure and initial volume are not given, we can assume that they remain constant, and we can set P1 * V1 = P2 * V2.
Therefore, we can simplify the equation to:
T2 = (V2 * T1) / V1
Plugging in the given values:
V1 = 40.0 L (initial volume)
V2 = 80.0 L (final volume)
T1 = -40.0°C (initial temperature)
T2 = (80.0 L * -40.0°C) / 40.0 L
T2 = -40.0°C
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50 points +brainlist (there's going to be 3 more added on my profile with the same points(
which type of process is this?
chemical
physical
nuclear
nuclear type of process is this
Is the reaction physical or chemical?The content of a physical reaction differs from that of a chemical reaction. A chemical reaction changes the makeup of the substances in question; a physical change changes the look, smell, or plain presentation of a sample of matter without changing its content.
Nuclear reactions are not the same as chemical reactions. Atoms become more stable in chemical processes by engaging in electron transfers or by sharing electrons with other atoms.
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A 8.81 g sample of Methanol was combusted in a bomb (constant volume) calorimeter. The temperature of the calorimeter increased by 11.13°C. If the molar mass of methanol is 32.04 g/mol, and heat capacity of calorimeter is 5,277 J/°C, what's the molar DeltaE in the reaction in units of kJ/mol?
The molar DeltaE in the reaction is 213.8 kJ/mol. A bomb thermometer is a device that is mostly used to measure combustion temperatures
How can you figure out a bomb calorimeter's calorimeter constant?With this method, a sample is burned in a bomb calorimeter at a constant volume. Equation q = -CΔT, where C is the calorimeter's heat capacity and ΔT is the temperature change, can be used to determine how much heat is released during the reaction.
We have to calculate the energy transferred,
q = CΔT
q = energy transferred
C = heat capacity of the calorimeter
ΔT is the temperature increase
q = 5,277 J/°C × 11.13°C = 58,765 J
Now,
Energy per mole of methanol = Energy transferred / Number of moles of methanol
Number of moles of methanol = Mass of methanol / Molar mass of methanol
Number of moles of methanol = 8.81 g / 32.04 g/mol = 0.2748 mol
Energy per mole of methanol = 58,765 J / 0.2748 mol = 213,772.8 J/mol
Now, we have to convert the energy per mole of methanol to kJ/mol:
Energy per mole of methanol = 213,772.8 J/mol / 1000 J/kJ = 213.8 kJ/mol
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Anybody know the answer to these questions?
The molality of the magnesium chloride solution dissolved in 500g of water is 1m.
How to calculate molality?Molality is the concentration of a substance in solution, expressed as the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent.
The molality of a solution can be calculated by dividing the number of moles of solute by the mass (in kilograms) of solvent as follows:
molality = no. of moles/mass
According to this question, 48 grams of MgCl2 dissolved in 500g of water. 48 grams of magnesium chloride is equivalent to 0.5041 moles. 500 g of water is equal to 0.5kg.
molality = 0.5041 mol / 0.5kg
molality = 1m
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Calculate the mole fraction of H₂SO₄ in a solution of 583 g of H₂SO₄ (98.079 g/mol) in 1.50 kg of water (18.0153 g/mol).
0.0666
0.0713
0.28
2.12
The mole fraction of H₂SO₄ in the given solution is 0.0666.
What is Solution?
A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances, where the substances are evenly distributed at the molecular or ionic level. In a solution, the solute is the substance that is dissolved, while the solvent is the substance that dissolves the solute. The properties of a solution are different from those of its individual components, and the composition of a solution can be varied within certain limits. Solutions can be classified as solid, liquid or gas solutions, depending on the state of the solvent and solute.
To calculate the mole fraction of H₂SO₄ in the given solution, we need to first calculate the moles of H₂SO₄ and water:
Moles of H₂SO₄ = Mass / Molar mass = 583 g / 98.079 g/mol = 5.945 mol
Moles of water = Mass / Molar mass = 1.50 kg / 18.0153 g/mol = 83.277 mol
The total moles of solute and solvent in the solution are:
Total moles = Moles of H₂SO₄ + Moles of water = 5.945 mol + 83.277 mol = 89.222 mol
The mole fraction of H₂SO₄ in the solution can be calculated as:
Mole fraction of H₂SO₄ = Moles of H₂SO₄ / Total moles
Mole fraction of H₂SO₄ = 5.945 mol / 89.222 mol = 0.0666
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When a hydrogen atom is added to a polyatomic ion, the amount of negative charge . Following this pattern, we can see that hydrogen carbonate has a charge of and hydrogen sulfate has a charge of .
If we add one or two hydrogen ions to a polyatomic ion that has a 3-charge, as the phosphate ion (PO₄3-), it will still be a polyatomic ion. (Three H+ would entirely cancel out the 3-charge, turning it into a neutral molecule and removing it from the category of polyatomic ions.
Why does carbonate have a negative 2 charge?As a result, the carbonate ion has 2 more electrons than protons due to its negative charge. The doubly bonded oxygen in the carbonate ion is neutral, whereas each single bonded oxygen has a negative charge. This is the cause of the total charge of "-2," then.
An essential component of the atmosphere of stars like the Sun is the hydrogen anion.
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When dinitrogen pentoxide is heated, it decomposes to
nitrogen dioxide and oxygen. How many moles of nitrogen
dioxide can be formed from the decomposition of 1.25 g of
dinitrogen pentoxide?
The process decomposes dinitrogen pentoxide into nitrogen dioxide and oxygen. The reaction has a rate constant of 5.8103/s (5.8 10 3 / s).
Does the breakdown of N₂O₅and N₂O follow first order kinetics?According to the process described below, the thermal breakdown of N₂O₅ follows first order kinetics: N₂O₅→2NO₂+12O₂. Find the rate constant of the reaction if the starting pressure of N₂O₅ is 100 mm and the pressure created after 10 minutes is 130 mm.
The breakdown of N₂O₅ according to the equation: 2N₂O₅ (g)4NO₂(g)+O₂(g) is a first-order reaction. After 30 minutes of decomposition in a closed vessel, the total pressure created is 284.5 mm of Hg, and after full decomposition, the total pressure is 584.5 mm of Hg.
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The heat of combustion of liquid ethylene glycol, C2H6O2 is -1189.2 kJ/mol. In an experiment 4.34 g of this compound was burnt completely and the heat evolved raised the temperature of y gram of water from 27.5 °C to 45.5 °C. Calculate the value of y (mass of water used).
The value of y is 1141 g if 4.34 g of this compound were totally burned, and the heat released caused a gram of water to warm up from 27.5 °C to 45.5 °C.
How can you figure out how much water was used?1 mole of ethylene glycol burns with a heat output of -1189.2 kJ/mol. The following formula can be used to determine the amount of heat released during the burning of 4.34 g of ethylene glycol:
Ethylene glycol's ([tex]C_{2}H_{6}O_{2}[/tex]) molar mass is calculated as follows: 2(12.01 g/mol) + 6(1.01 g/mol) + 2(16.00 g/mol) = 62.07 g/mol
Burned ethylene glycol is calculated as follows: 4.34 g / 62.07 g/mol = 0.0699 mol
4.34 g of ethylene glycol burned, releasing the following amount of heat:
-83.1 kJ = 0.0699 mol x -1189.2 kJ/mol
The water used in the experiment absorbs this heat. Water has a specific heat capacity of 4.18 J/g°C. The following formula can be used to determine how much water was utilized in the experiment:
The amount of heat the water absorbs is: -83.1 kJ = -83,100 J
The water's temperature changed from 45.5 °C to 27.5 °C, which equals 18 °C.
The mass of water employed in the experiment is 1,141 g, which is equal to -83,100 J / (4.18 J/g°C 18 °C).
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What season are we in now? What is the position of the earth according to the sun?
The seasons are a result of Earth's axis tilt. Diverse regions of Earth experience the Sun's strongest rays at various times of the year. The Northern Hemisphere experiences summer as a result of the North Pole's tilt towards the Sun. Winter also occurs in the Northern Hemisphere when the South Pole tilts towards the Sun.
How far away from Earth does the Sun lie?The Sun rises in the east (far arrow), rises in the south (to the right) while travelling to the right, culminates in the west (close arrow), and sets in the east. In midsummer and midwinter, respectively, both the rising and set positions are moved to the north. The direction of south in the Southern Hemisphere is to the left.
In order to change our seasons, the Earth's 23.5 degree tilt is crucial.
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Which of the following represents work?
a.)
PΔV
b.)
ΔU
c.)
ΔH
d.)
ΔP
The answer is A since ∆U is the change in internal energy, ∆P is a change in pressure, and ∆H is a change in enthalpy
Sulfurous acid ( H2SO3) is a diprotic acid with a1=1.39×10−2 and a2=6.73×10−8.
Determine the pH of a 0.189M sulfurous acid ( H2SO3 ) solution.
A sulfuric acid solution with a concentration of 0.189M has a pH of roughly 0.778.
Sulfuric acid: Is it a diprotic acid?A diprotic acid is sulfuric acid, Sulfurous acid. The findings of an acid-base titration can be used to calculate the values of Ka1 and Ka2. To completely neutralise diprotic acids, two hydroxide ions are needed for each molecule. Sulfuric acid, a stronger acid than Hydrogen sulfide, with a pH of 1.5 in a solution of 0.100 mol dm³.
The chemical equation for sulfuric acid dissociation is as follows:
Sulfuric acid + Water ⇌ Hydronium ion + hydrosulfite anion
Write the expression for the acid dissociation constant (Ka1) for the first dissociation:
Ka1 = [Hydronium ion[hydrosulfite anion]/[Sulfuric acid]
Substitute the given value of Ka1 (1.39×10−2) and the initial concentration of Sulfuric acid (0.189 M) into the expression for Ka1 and solve for [hydronium ion]:
1.39×10−2 = [hydronium ion][Hydrogen sulfite]/0.189
[hydronium ion] = 0.167 M
pH = -log[hydronium ion]
pH = -log(0.167)
pH = 0.778
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PLS HELPPPPPP
how many grams of iron are present in 9.24x10^22 atoms of Fe?
The mass of iron present in 9.24 x [tex]10^{22}[/tex] atoms of Fe is approximately 0.852 grams.
What is Molar Mass?
Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, expressed in grams per mole. It is calculated by summing the atomic masses of all the atoms in a molecule or formula unit.
The molar mass of iron (Fe) is approximately 55.85 g/mol. We can use this to convert the number of atoms of Fe to the mass of Fe.
First, we can calculate the number of moles of Fe in 9.24x[tex]10^{22}[/tex] atoms:
Mass of Fe = 9.24 x [tex]10^{22}[/tex] atoms x 55.845 g/mol / 6.022 x [tex]10^{-23}[/tex]atoms/mol
Mass of Fe = 0.852 g
So, the mass of iron present in 9.24 x [tex]10^{22}[/tex] atoms of Fe is approximately 0.852 grams.
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Calcium nitrate reacts with ammonium fluoride to make calcium fluoride and ammonium nitrate. When (4.479x10^1) mL of (4.61x10^-1) M calcium nitrate was added to (7.332x10^1) mL of (1.5835x10^0) M ammonium fluoride, 0.731 grams of calcium fluoride were isolated. How many moles of ammonium fluoride were initially added in this experiment (not necessarily reacted)?
The moles of ammonium fluoride initially added in this experiment was 0.0216 moles.
What is mole?Mole is a unit of measurement that is used in chemistry to measure the amount of a substance. It is a very important unit of measurement because it allows chemists to accurately measure the amount of a substance that is being used in a reaction. The mole is defined as the amount of a substance that contains the same number of particles as there are atoms in 12 grams of carbon-12..
First, we need to calculate the moles of calcium nitrate in the solution. We can do this by using the molarity and volume of the solution:
(4.61x10⁻¹ M)*(4.479x10¹ mL) = 0.0216 moles of calcium nitrate
(0.731 g)*(1 mol/55.847 g) = 0.0131 moles of calcium fluoride
(0.0216 moles)*(1 mol/1 mol)
= 0.0216 moles of ammonium fluoride
Therefore, the moles of ammonium fluoride initially added in this experiment was 0.0216 moles.
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If all the coefficients in the already balanced equation are multiplied by 2, will the equation still remain balanced and will the multiplication affect the equilibrium constant? If you answer yes to any part of the question, please explain in detail.
Yes, If all the coefficients in a balanced chemical equation are multiplied by 2, the equation will still remain balanced because the ratio of the reactants and products remain the same.
What are the coefficients?
For example, the balanced equation: [tex]2H_{2}[/tex] + [tex]O_{2}[/tex] -> [tex]2H_{2}O[/tex]
The coefficients of a chemical equation are the numbers written in front of the chemical formulas of reactants and products, indicating the relative amounts of each substance involved in the reaction. The coefficients are used to balance the chemical equation, ensuring that the law of conservation of mass is obeyed. The coefficients represent the smallest whole-number ratios of the substances in the reaction, and they provide important information about the stoichiometry of the reaction.
When all the coefficients are multiplied by 2, the equation becomes: [tex]4H_{2}[/tex] + [tex]2O_{2}[/tex] -> [tex]4H_{2}O[/tex]
The equation is still balanced because the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen to water molecules remains the same (4:2:4).
Multiplying the coefficients by a constant will not affect the equilibrium constant (Kc) as long as the reaction conditions remain constant. This is because the equilibrium constant is a ratio of the concentrations of products and reactants at equilibrium, and the ratio remains the same even if the coefficients of the balanced equation are multiplied by a constant. However, if the temperature, pressure or concentration of any reactants or products are changed, then the value of the equilibrium constant will change.
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Please help!!!
25 points!! I’ll give brainliest!
Task is in the picture.
Answer:
Van't Hoff factor: 3.99
Degree of electrolytic dissociation: 1.995
Explanation:
ΔT = iKfm
Calculate the molality of the K2SO4 solution.
Since the solution is 20% K2SO4, we can assume that we have 20 grams of K2SO4 in 100 grams of solution.
The molar mass of K2SO4 is 174
So, 20 grams of K2SO4 is equal to:
20/ 174 = 0.115 moles of K2SO4
The mass of water in 100 grams of solution is:
100 g - 20 g = 80 g
The density of water is 1 g/mL, so 80 g of water is equal to 0.080 kg of water.
Therefore, the molality of the solution is:
m = 0.115 mol / 0.080 kg = 1.4375 mol/kg
Now, we need to determine the freezing point depression constant of water (Kf). The value of Kf for water is 1.86 °C/m.
ΔT = T°f - T°i = -10 °C - 0 °C = -10 °C
Substituting the given values in the formula for ΔT, we get:
-10 °C = i * 1.86 °C/m * 1.4375 mol/kg
Solving for i, we get:
i = -10 °C / (1.86 °C/m * 1.4375 mol/kg) = 3.99
Finally, we can calculate the degree of electrolytic dissociation (α) using the formula:
α = (i - 1) / (n - 1)
where n is the number of ions produced per formula unit of the solute.
For K2SO4, n = 3, since it dissociates into three ions.
Substituting the values, we get:
α = (3.99 - 1) / (3 - 1) = 1.995
Hence, it is 3.99 and 1.995
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For the K₂SO₄ solution, the Van't Hoff factor (i) is approximately 5. For the 20% K₂SO₄ solution, the degree of electrolytic dissociation (α) is approximately 0.833, or 83.3%.
How to calculate Van't Hoff factor and the degree of electrolytic dissociation?To calculate the Van't Hoff factor and the degree of electrolytic dissociation, use the freezing point depression equation:
ΔT = Kf · m · i
where ΔT is the change in freezing point, Kf is the freezing point depression constant for the solvent (water), m is the molality of the solution, and i is the Van't Hoff factor.
First, calculate the molality of the solution:
molality (m) = moles of solute / mass of solvent (in kg)
Assuming there is 1 kg of solvent, the mass of solute (K₂SO₄) in 20% solution would be:
mass of solute = 0.2 × 1000 g = 200 g
The molar mass of K₂SO₄ is 174.26 g/mol, so the number of moles of K₂SO₄ in 200 g is:
moles of K2SO4 = 200 g / 174.26 g/mol = 1.148 mol
Therefore, the molality of the solution is:
m = 1.148 mol / 1 kg = 1.148 mol/kg
Next, calculate the change in freezing point (ΔT). Since we know that the solution freezes at -10°C instead of 0°C (the freezing point of pure water):
ΔT = 0°C - (-10°C) = 10°C
The freezing point depression constant (Kf) for water is 1.86 °C/m. Substituting the values into the equation:
10°C = 1.86 °C/m · 1.148 mol/kg · i
Solving for i:
i = ΔT / (Kf · m) = 10°C / (1.86 °C/m · 1.148 mol/kg) = 4.99
Therefore, the Van't Hoff factor (i) for the K2SO4 solution is approximately 5.
The degree of electrolytic dissociation (α) can be calculated using the formula:
α = i / (1 + i)
Substituting the value of i:
α = 5 / (1 + 5) = 0.833
Therefore, the degree of electrolytic dissociation (α) for the 20% K₂SO₄ solution is approximately 0.833 or 83.3%.
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Select all the elementary substances.
silver bromide (AgBr)
silicon dioxide (SiO₂)
hydrogen sulfide (H₂S)
xenon (Xe)
Answer:
silicon dioxide,xenon
Explanation:
5. An empty tank contains 11.0L of air at 21°C and latm= (1.013x10⁴ Pa). When the tank is filled with hot air from a compressor, the temperature is 42°C and the gauge pressure is 2.11 x 10⁷ Pa. What mass of air was added?
The mass of air that was added = -12.5 g
We can use the ideal gas law to solve this problem:
PV = nRT
where P is the absolute pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the absolute temperature.
First, let's convert the initial conditions to absolute temperature:
T1 = 21°C + 273.15 = 294.15 K
Next, let's find the number of moles of air in the tank:
n1 = PV1/(RT1) = (1.013x10⁴ Pa)(11.0 L)/(8.31 J/(mol K) x 294.15 K) = 0.454 mol
Now, let's find the final volume of air in the tank. We can use the combined gas law:
P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
where P1, V1, and T1 are the initial conditions and P2 and T2 are the final conditions. Solving for V2, we get:
V2 = (P1V1T2)/(P2T1)= (1.013x10⁴ Pa)(11.0 L)(315.15 K)/((2.11x10⁷ Pa)(294.15 K)) = 0.0121 L
Now we can find the number of moles of air in the tank after the compressor is turned on:
n2 = P2V2/(RT2) = (2.11x10⁷ Pa)(0.0121 L)/(8.31 J/(mol K) x 315.15 K) = 0.0100 mol
The mass of air added is simply the difference between the final and initial number of moles, multiplied by the molar mass of air (approximately 28.97 g/mol):
m = (n2 - n1) x 28.97 g/mol = (0.0100 mol - 0.454 mol) x 28.97 g/mol = -12.5 g
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Is a sample of oxygen gas at 70 degrees celsius
twice as hot as a sample of oxygen gas at 35 degrees celsius
A sample of oxygen gas at 70 degrees Celsius is not twice as hot as a sample of oxygen gas at 35 degrees Celsius.
What is Temperature?
Temperature is a physical property that describes the degree of hotness or coldness of a substance, typically measured with a thermometer in units such as Celsius or Fahrenheit. It is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles that make up a substance, with higher temperatures indicating greater kinetic energy and lower temperatures indicating less kinetic energy.
The temperature difference between the two samples is 35 degrees Celsius, not 70 degrees Celsius. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance, and it is on an absolute scale (Kelvin).
As we can see, the temperature in Kelvin of oxygen gas at 70 degrees Celsius (343.15 K) is not twice the temperature of oxygen gas at 35 degrees Celsius (308.15 K). Therefore, a sample of oxygen gas at 70 degrees Celsius is not twice as hot as a sample of oxygen gas at 35 degrees Celsius.
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2. In order to prepare a 0.523 m aqueous solution of potassium iodide, how many grams of potassium iodide must be added to 2.00 kg of water?
Therefore, we need to add 173.49 grams of potassium iodide to 2.00 kg of water to prepare a 0.523 m aqueous solution.
How is 1% potassium iodide solution made?Potassium iodide solution is made by dissolving 1 litre of water in 1 gramme of potassium iodide and 1 gramme of hydroxyammonium chloride. Solution of potassium iodide, about 0.2 M: 33 grammes of potassium iodide should be dissolved in 1 litre of water.
We must apply the following formula to get the mass of potassium iodide required to create a 0.523 m aqueous solution:
molarity=moles of solute/liters of solution
First, we must determine the solution's litre volume:
1 kg of water=1000 mL of water
2.00 kg of water = 2000 mL of water
Volume of solution = 2000 mL = 2.00 L
Next, we need to rearrange the formula to solve for the moles of solute:
moles of solute=molarity x liters of solution
moles of solute = 0.523 mol/L x 2.00 L = 1.046 mol
Finally, we can use the molar mass of potassium iodide (166.0028 g/mol) to convert the moles of solute to grams:
mass of potassium iodide = moles of solute x molar mass
mass of potassium iodide = 1.046 mol x 166.0028 g/mol = 173.49 g
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8) At 15 °C, a certain reaction is able to produce 0.80 moles of product per minute? At what rate might
the product be produced at 5 °C?
a. 1.6 moles per minute
b. 0.80 moles per minute
c. 0.40 moles per minute
d. 1.20 moles per minute
At 15 °C, a certain reaction is able to produce 0.80 moles of product per minute.At 0.40 moles per minute the product be produced at 5 °C.
What is moles ?Moles are small burrowing mammals found in many parts of the world. They are typically brown or black in color and can be identified by their distinctive hairy snouts and short tails. Moles have a unique way of moving through soil and other material. They use their long claws to dig tunnels that serve as their home and pathways for foraging for food. Moles feed on a variety of insects and plant material, such as earthworms, grubs, and roots. They also help to aerate soil and improve water drainage. Moles are solitary animals and are rarely seen.
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50 points + brianlist there's others on my profile
Which type of process is this.
Chemical Process
Physical Process
Nuclear Process
The process for given the figure is chemical process.
What is meant by chemical process?Series of chemical reactions or physical changes that occurs in order to transform one or more chemical substances into another substances is called chemical process. In the chemical process, reactants undergo a chemical reaction to form the products. Chemical processes can be represented using chemical equations that show reactants and products, and the stoichiometry and energetics of the reaction.
Chemical processes are an important part of many industrial and natural processes. Examples of chemical processes are : combustion, fermentation, photosynthesis, and electrolysis. Chemical processes are also important in environmental science, as they can help in explaining natural processes like carbon cycle and formation of ozone.
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