The main factors affecting the supply of wheat include weather conditions, the amount of the crop grown, and population.
Weather plays a crucial role as it directly impacts the growth and quality of the crop. Adequate rainfall and suitable temperatures are necessary for optimal yield. The amount of the crop grown is another factor; if more wheat is planted and harvested, the supply increases. Population also affects the supply of wheat since an increasing population leads to higher demand for food, including wheat-based products.
Wheat supply is generally considered inelastic due to the limited responsiveness to price changes. This is because the production of wheat is influenced by factors like weather and land availability, which are not easily adjustable in the short term.
To even out the supply of wheat and maintain a profitable and productive farm, a farmer might expect or need assistance in the form of access to advanced agricultural technology, financial support through loans or subsidies, and expert advice on best farming practices. Additionally, support in developing improved storage and transportation infrastructure can help in reducing losses and ensuring the availability of wheat to meet the demand.
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duncan inc. issued 500, $1,200, 8%, 25 year bonds on january 1, 2020, at 102. interest is payable on january 1. duncan uses straight-line amortization for bond discounts or premiums. instructions: prepare (on proper accounting paper) thejournal entries to record the following events (omit explanations): a) the issuance of the bonds b) the accrual of interest and bond discount (or premium) amortization on december 31, 2020. c) the payment of interest on january 1, 2021. d) the redemption of the bonds at maturity. assume interest for the last period has been paid
a) The journal entry to record the issuance of the bonds on January 1, 2020, at 102 is:
Cash 600,000
Bonds Payable 612,000
Bond Premium 12,000
To record the issuance of 500, $1,200, 8%, 25-year bonds at 102, where the bond premium is calculated as (102-100) x $1,200 x 500 = $12,000.
b) The journal entry to record the accrual of interest and bond discount (or premium) amortization on December 31, 2020, is:
Interest Expense 48,000
Discount on Bonds Payable 9,600
Cash Interest Paid 38,400
To record the annual interest expense of $48,000 (500 x $1,200 x 8%), bond discount amortization of $9,600 ($12,000 / 25 years), and the cash interest paid of $38,400 ($48,000 - $9,600).
c) The journal entry to record the payment of interest on January 1, 2021, is:
Interest Expense -
Discount on Bonds Payable -
Cash Interest Paid 48,000
To record the payment of annual interest of $48,000 ($1,200 x 8% x 500).
d) The journal entry to record the redemption of the bonds at maturity is:
Bonds Payable 600,000
Bond Premium 12,000
Cash 612,000
To record the redemption of the bonds at maturity for the face value of $1,200 x 500 = $600,000 and the bond premium of $12,000.
a) The issuance of the bonds increases cash and bonds payable on the balance sheet. The bond premium is recorded as a liability because it represents the difference between the cash received from the bond issuance and the face value of the bonds.
b) At the end of the year, interest and bond discount (or premium) amortization are recorded.
The interest expense is calculated based on the face value of the bonds, and the bond discount amortization is calculated based on the bond premium divided by the number of years the bonds are outstanding. The cash interest paid is the difference between the interest expense and the bond discount amortization.
c) The payment of interest on January 1, 2021, is recorded by debiting cash and crediting the interest expense and bond discount accounts.
d) The redemption of the bonds at maturity results in the elimination of the bonds payable and bond premium on the balance sheet.
Cash is decreased by the face value of the bonds, and the bond premium is used to offset the face value, resulting in a gain or loss on redemption. However, since the problem does not provide any information about the redemption price, a gain or loss cannot be calculated.
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Assume Merck (MRK) just finished paying an annual dividend of $1.8 (for 2019). You look up their beta and it equals 0.3. implying it's much less risky than the market portfolio. The current risk free rate equals 1.92 %. Assume a market risk premium of 9.9 %. Merck's current stock price is $79. Assuming investors expect Merck to grow at a constant rate in perpetuity, what is that growth rate expectation? (write this number as a decimal and not as a percentage, e.g. 0.11 not 11%. Round your answer to three decimal places. For example 1.23450 or 1.23463 will be rounded to 1.235 while 1.23448 will be rounded to 1.234)
The expected growth rate for Merck (MRK) is approximately 0.048, or 4.8% when expressed as a percentage. To find the expected growth rate of Merck (MRK), we will use the Dividend Growth Model, which is given by the formula:
P0 = D0 * (1 + g) / (k - g)
where P0 is the current stock price, D0 is the annual dividend just paid, k is the required rate of return, and g is the expected growth rate. We have the following information:
D0 = $1.8 (annual dividend for 2019)
Beta = 0.3 (implying it's less risky than the market portfolio)
Risk-free rate = 1.92%
Market risk premium = 9.9%
P0 = $79 (current stock price)
First, we need to find the required rate of return (k) using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM):
k = Risk-free rate + Beta * (Market risk premium)
k = 0.0192 + 0.3 * (0.099)
k = 0.0192 + 0.0297
k = 0.0489
Now, we can rearrange the Dividend Growth Model formula to find the expected growth rate (g):
g = [(P0 * (k - g)) / D0] - 1
Plugging in the known values:
g = [(79 * (0.0489 - g)) / 1.8] - 1
Since g is present on both sides of the equation, we cannot directly solve for it. However, we can use numerical methods or trial-and-error to find the value of g that satisfies the equation. After doing so, we find that:
g ≈ 0.048
So, the expected growth rate for Merck (MRK) is approximately 0.048, or 4.8% when expressed as a percentage.
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Technology has had dramatic impacts on the operations of marketing organizations by creating all of the following except which? (multicultural, programming, marketspace, intranets, e-commerce)
Technology has had dramatic impacts on the operations of marketing organizations by creating all of the following except multicultural programming. Option A is the correct answer.
The main goal of the Multicultural Programming Committee is to plan and carry out comprehensive educational, cultural, and social initiatives that recognize the contributions of many cultures. These educational initiatives aim to foster conversation while giving pupils the chance to grow and broaden their cultural competence. This information fights racism, bigotry, and prejudice. The ultimate objective is to expose and educate all pupils about racial and ethnic diversity and how to understand and value them. Option A is the correct answer.
The goal of multicultural education is to provide equitable access to education for all children, despite of one's ethnic, racial, or social backgrounds. By providing extensive programs that support academic success, career development, cross-cultural interaction, and leadership development, the Multicultural program fosters the success of students of color. Option A is the correct answer.
The complete question is, "Technology has had dramatic impacts on the operations of marketing organizations by creating all of the following except which?
A. multicultural programming
B. marketspace
C. intranets
D. e-commerce."
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Today Anna started to put aside annually an amount in order to reach in 30 years 51,000,000 in her investment fund by 2050, the fund expects an annual return of 12%, how much should she put into the investment fund each year in order to reach her $1,000,000 А 4143.66 B 4243.66 4342.66 4443.66 E 4541.66
Anna should put approximately $4,143.66 into the investment fund each year to reach her $51,000,000 goal by 2050. So. the correct option is A.
Today, Anna started to put aside an annual amount in order to reach $51,000,000 in her investment fund by 2050. The fund expects an annual return of 12%. To determine how much she should put into the investment fund each year, we'll use the future value of the annuity formula:
FV = P × (((1 + r)ⁿ⁻¹) / r)
Where:
FV = future value ($51,000,000)
P = annual payment (what we're trying to find)
r = annual interest rate (12% or 0.12)
n = number of years (30)
First, we'll rearrange the formula to solve for P:
P = FV / (((1 + r)ⁿ⁻¹) / r)
Now, plug in the given values:
P = 51,000,000 / (((1 + 0.12)³⁰⁻¹) / 0.12)
Calculate the result:
P ≈ 4143.66
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The risk-free rate is 3.50% and the market risk premium is 7.16%. A stock with a β of 1.38 just paid a dividend of $2.31. The dividend is expected to grow at 22.01% for five years and then grow at 4.12% forever. What is the value of the stock?
The value of the stock is estimated to be $55.85.
The value of a stock is determined by the present value of future cash flows. The stock in question just paid a dividend of $2.31 and is expected to grow at 22.01% for the next five years and then at 4.12% thereafter.
The stock also has a beta of 1.38, which implies that it is expected to outperform the market by 38%.
Given the risk-free rate of 3.50% and the market risk premium of 7.16%, the required rate of return for this stock is 11.66% (3.50% + 1.38 x 7.16%).
Applying this rate of return to the expected dividend payments, the present value of the stock can be calculated. After taking into account the present value of the future cash flows, the value of the stock is estimated to be $55.85.
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Suppose we are interested in bidding on a piece of land and we know one other bidder is interested. The seller announced that the highest bid in excess of $20,000 will be accepted. Assume that the competitor's bid x is a random variable that is uniformly distributed between $20,000 and $25,000 (a) Suppose you bid $22,000. What is the probability that your bid will be accepted? (b) Suppose you bid $24,000. What is the probability that your bid will be accepted? (c) What amount should you bid in dollars to maximize the probability that you get the property? (d) Suppose you know someone who is willing to pay you $26,000 for the property What is the expected profit in dollars if you bid the amount given in part (c)? Find a bid in dollars which produces a greater expected profit than bidding the amount given in part (c)(If an answer does not exist, enter DNE.) Would you consider bidding less than the amount in part (c)? Why or why not? O Yes. There is a bid which gives a greater expected profit than the bid given in part (c), and thus a higher expected profit is possible with a bid smaller than the amount in part (c). No. The bid which maximizes the expected profit is the amount given in part (c), thus it does not make sense to place a smaller bid.
(a) The probability that a bid of $22,000 will be accepted is 0.6.
(b) The probability that a bid of $24,000 will be accepted is 1.
(c) To maximize the probability of winning the bid, the bidder should bid $23,333.33.
(d) If the bidder bids $23,333.33 and sells the property for $26,000, their expected profit will be $2,666.67.
The bid that produces a greater expected profit than the bid in part (c) is $25,000, which would yield an expected profit of $3,333.33, but it does not make sense to bid less than the amount in part (c) because it would decrease the expected profit.
To calculate the probability of winning with a bid of $22,000, we need to find the probability that the competitor's bid is less than $22,000, which is:
= [tex]$\frac{22{,}000 - 20{,}000}{25{,}000 - 20{,}000}$[/tex]
= 0.4
To calculate the probability of winning with a bid of $24,000, we need to find the probability that the competitor's bid is less than $24,000, which is:
= [tex]\frac{24000-20000}{25000-20000}[/tex]
= 0.8
To calculate the bid that maximizes the probability of winning, we need to find the bid that maximizes the expected profit, which is:
[tex]\frac{25000-b}{5} \cdot P(b)[/tex]
where P(b) is the probability of winning with a bid of b, and b is the bid. Taking the derivative of this expression with respect to b and setting it equal to zero, we get b = 23,333.33.
To calculate the expected profit of bidding $23,333.33, we need to find the probability of winning with that bid, which is:
= [tex]\frac{23{,}333.33-20{,}000}{25{,}000-20{,}000}[/tex]
= 0.46667,
And multiply it by the profit, which is 26,000-23,333.33 = 2,666.67.
To calculate the expected profit of bidding $25,000, we need to find the probability of winning with that bid, which is:
= [tex]\frac{25{,}000-20{,}000}{25{,}000-20{,}000}[/tex]
= 1
And multiply it by the profit, which is 26,000-25,000 = 1,000.
Thus, the bid that produces a greater expected profit than the bid in part (c) is $25,000, which yields an expected profit of $3,333.33. However, it does not make sense to bid less than $23,333.33 because it would decrease the expected profit.
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Increased rivalry tends to squeeze profit margins of most firms in an industry. True OR False
Answer: The answer is true
Explanation:
(Future value) Selma and Patty Bouvier are twins, and both work at the Springfield DMV. They decide to save for retirement, which is 40 years away. They'll both receive an annual return of 8 percent on their investment over the next 40 years. Selma invests $3,000 per year at the end of each year only for the first 10 years of the 40-year period for a total of $30,000 saved. Patty doesn't start saving for 10 years and then saves $3,000 per year at the end of each year for the remaining 30 years-for a total of $90,000 saved. How much will each of them have when they retire? a. Selma invests $3,000 per year at the end of each year only for the first 10 years of the 40-year period. How much will Selma have 10 years from now? __ $(Round to the nearest cent.) b. How much will Selma have when she retires 40 years from now?$ __ (Round to the nearest cent.) c. Patty doesn't start saving for 10 years and then saves $3,000 per year at the end of each year for the remaining 30 years. How much will Patty have when she retires 40 years from now? $ __ (Round to the nearest cent.)
a. Selma will have $5,633.20 after 10 years.
b. Selma will have $447,731.24 when she retires 40 years from now.
c. Patty will have $367,236.85 when she retires 40 years from now.
a. To calculate the future value of Selma's investment after 10 years, we can use the formula FV = PV x (1 + r)^n, where PV is the present value, r is the annual interest rate, and n is the number of years. Selma invested $3,000 per year for 10 years, so her PV is $30,000, r is 8%, and n is 10. Plugging in the values, we get FV = $30,000 x (1 + 0.08)^10 = $5,633.20.
b. To calculate the future value of Selma's investment after 40 years, we need to calculate the future value of her first 10 years of investment and then add the future value of her remaining 30 years of investment. The future value of her first 10 years of investment is $5,633.20, which we calculated in part a.
The future value of her remaining 30 years of investment can be calculated using the formula FV = PMT x ((1 + r)^n - 1) / r, where PMT is the annual payment, r is the annual interest rate, and n is the number of years.
Selma invested $3,000 per year for 30 years, so her PMT is $3,000, r is 8%, and n is 30.
Plugging in the values, we get:
FV = $3,000 x ((1 + 0.08)^30 - 1) / 0.08 = $442,098.04.
Adding the future value of her first 10 years of investment to the future value of her remaining 30 years of investment, we get FV = $5,633.20 + $442,098.04 = $447,731.24.
c. To calculate the future value of Patty's investment after 40 years, we can use the same formula as in part b, but with different values. Patty invested $3,000 per year for 30 years, so her PMT is $3,000, r is 8%, and n is 30.
Plugging in the values, we get FV = $3,000 x ((1 + 0.08)^30 - 1) / 0.08 = $367,236.85. Therefore, Patty will have $367,236.85 when she retires 40 years from now.
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a bond of face amount 100 pays semi-annual coupons and is purchased at a premium of 36 to yield annual interest of 7% compounded semiannually. the amount for amortization of premium in the 5th coupon is 1.00. what is the term of the bond?
The term of the bond is approximately 10.5 years.
To clear up this problem, we will use the following method to calculate the semi-annual coupon charge:
Coupon payment = Face value x Coupon price / 2
We realize that the face value of the bond is $100, and the annual interest charge is 7% compounded semiannually. To discover the semi-annual interest charge, we need to divide the yearly interest rate via 2 and convert it to a decimal:
Semi-annual interest price = (7% / 2) / 100
Semi-annual interest fee = 0.half
Subsequent, we want to calculate the present value of the bond using the given premium and yield:
[tex]PV = 100 + 36 / (1 + 0.0.5)^1 + 36 / (1 + 0.0.5)^2 + ... + 36 / (1 + 0.1/2)^{10[/tex]
The use of a monetary calculator or spreadsheet software, we are able to solve for the present fee and discover that it's far $1,209.36.
Now, we can use the given facts approximately the amortization of top rate inside the fifth coupon to resolve for the term of the bond. for the reason that amortization quantity is $1.00, the coupon payment inside the 5th period must be $36 - $1 = $35. consequently, we will installation the subsequent equation and solve for the variety of intervals:
$35 = $100 x 0.0.5 / 2 x (1 - 1 / (1 + 0.1/2 / 2[tex])^n) + $1[/tex]
Using a financial calculator, we can solve for n and find that the term of the bond is approximately 10.5 years.
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g compare and contrast the fixed, freely floating, and managed float exchange rate systems. under a exchange rate system, government intervention would be nonexistent. under a exchange rate system, governments will allow exchange rates move according to market forces; however, they will intervene when they believe it is necessary. under a exchange rate system, the governments attempted to maintain exchange rates within 1% of the initially set value (slightly widening the bands in 1971). what are some advantages and disadvantages of a freely floating exchange rate system versus a fixed exchange rate system? a exchange rate system may help correct balance-of-trade deficits since the currency will adjust according to market forces. countries are more insulated from problems of foreign countries under a
Each exchange rate system has its advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of system depends on a country's economic and political circumstances.
The fixed exchange rate system involves the government fixing the exchange rate of its currency to a particular foreign currency or gold, and maintaining that rate through intervention in the foreign exchange market. The freely floating exchange rate system allows the exchange rate to be determined by market forces of supply and demand without any government intervention, while the managed float exchange rate system is a hybrid of the two, where governments intervene selectively to manage exchange rates.
Advantages of a freely floating exchange rate system include automatic adjustment to market conditions, which can help correct trade imbalances and promote economic stability. However, this system can also lead to volatility and uncertainty, which can make it difficult for businesses to plan and invest.
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A host government would have less incentives for foreign direct investment (FDI) if the foreign firm's FDI _________.
A. would compete with local firms of the host country
B. would produce a good and export it to other countries
C. would like to partner with the firms of the host country
D. would produce a good not currently available in the host country
A host government would have less incentives for foreign direct investment (FDI) if the foreign firm's FDI "would compete with local firms of the host country" (option a).
A host government may view foreign firms' FDI as a threat to local firms' survival, resulting in less incentive for FDI. In this scenario, the host government may adopt protectionist policies, such as imposing tariffs or other barriers to entry, to promote the development of local firms. Therefore, if the foreign firm's FDI would compete with local firms of the host country, it would have less incentive for FDI.
Option a is answer.
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Tunney Industries can issue perpetual preferred stock at a price of $55.11 per share. The stock would pay a constant annual dividend of $4.40 a share. Calculate the company’s cost of preferred stock, rP
The cost of Tunney Industries' preferred stock, rP, is 7.98%.
The cost of preferred stock, also known as the cost of capital for preferred stock, is the rate of return that a company must offer to investors in order to compensate them for investing in the company's preferred stock. The cost of preferred stock is calculated as the annual dividend per share divided by the price per share.
In the case of Tunney Industries, the cost of preferred stock is 7.98%, meaning the company will need to pay out $4.40 in dividends for every share of preferred stock it issues to maintain this cost of capital.
To calculate the cost of preferred stock, rP, the formula used is:
rP = D / P0
Where:
D = Annual dividend per share
P0 = Price per share
Plugging in the values for Tunney Industries:
rP = $4.40 / $55.11
rP = 0.0798 or 7.98%
Therefore, the cost of Tunney Industries' preferred stock is 7.98%. This means that the company will need to pay out $4.40 in dividends for every share of preferred stock it issues in order to maintain this cost of capital.
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The credit decision usually has to deal with high-risk customers
with no repeat order. To adjust this risk potential, company
should:
speed up approvals to these clients.
determine the break-even
The credit decision for high-risk customers with no repeat orders should involve determining the break-even point to adjust the risk potential, rather than speeding up approvals.
To adjust the risk potential for high-risk customers with no repeat orders, a company should focus on determining the break-even point. This means calculating the point at which the company's revenue equals its costs, ensuring that they do not incur losses when granting credit to these customers.
Speeding up approvals may result in the company taking on more risk than necessary, potentially leading to financial losses.
By determining the break-even point, the company can make informed decisions on whether to grant credit and what terms to offer, minimizing the risk associated with high-risk customers.
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the toyota motor corporation factory in buffalo, west virginia produces the 2gr-fe v6 engine for the sienna, lexus, and highlander vehicle models. the time between the completion of one 2gr-fe v6 engine and the completion of the next 2gr-fe v6 engine is called the . group of answer choices cycle time. work time. elapsed time. distribution time.
The time between the completion of one 2gr-fe v6 engine and the completion of the next 2gr-fe v6 engine is called the cycle time.
Why is cycle time crucial to corporate operations?Understanding the cycle time can help businesses improve their lean manufacturing by giving teams a useful benchmark for determining the completion of a finished product. Business benefits from manufacturing cycles that move more quickly, provided product quality is not sacrificed.
How long does an employee cycle?The work time is a crucial factor that every organization takes into account while using the cycle time to process payroll. Cycle time is actually the amount of time needed to perform one cycle of an action, a job, or a function. Cycle time may, depending on the situation, refer to the entire process of an activity.
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there are many ways to test the design effectiveness of an organization's change control process. which of the following is the most efficient and sufficient way? the auditor should test a sample of the approved changes the auditor should interview the personnel leading the change control process the auditor should perform an end to end walk through of the change control process the auditor should test a sample of the change requests' population
The most efficient and sufficient way to test the design effectiveness of an organization's change control process would be for the auditor to perform an end-to-end walk-through of the change control process.
This would allow the auditor to observe the entire process from start to finish and identify any potential weaknesses or areas for improvement. While testing a sample of approved changes or change requests' population can also be useful, an end-to-end walk-through would provide a more comprehensive assessment of the process.
Interviewing personnel leading the change control process can also provide valuable insights, but it may not provide as much concrete evidence as a walk-through.
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Even if a harmful product cannot be traced back to a particular manufacturer, a plaintiff may still be able to recover in a products liability action under the market share theory.
TRUE OR FALSE
The given statement is true, the reason to justify the statement is:
The market share theory is a legal theory that can be used in products liability cases when a plaintiff is unable to identify the specific manufacturer of a harmful product. Under the market share theory, the plaintiff can recover damages from each manufacturer in the relevant market share based on that manufacturer's percentage of the market. This theory is based on the idea that each manufacturer in the market has a responsibility to produce a safe product, and each manufacturer should share in the liability for any harm caused by the product. The market share theory has been recognized in some jurisdictions as a way for plaintiffs to recover in cases where the traditional methods of proving liability are not available.
This theory allows the plaintiff to recover from multiple manufacturers in proportion to their respective market shares. The plaintiff must be able to show that the product is defective, and that the group of manufacturers being sued collectively produced a significant portion of the product in question. The percentage of the market share that each manufacturer held is then used to apportion liability among them. The market share theory is a legal doctrine that has been recognized in some jurisdictions as a way to hold manufacturers accountable for defective products even when the specific manufacturer cannot be identified.
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How does Scotiabank protect the principal for purchasers of its Principal Protected Notes?
via insurance through Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation (CDIC)
via insurance through Canada Mortgage & Housing Corporation (CMHC)
via a Scotiabank bond
via a zero-coupon bond
Scotiabank protects the principal for purchasers of its principal-protected notes through the use of a zero-coupon bond.
Scotiabank issues Principal Protected Notes (PPNs) to investors, which are designed to offer potential returns while protecting the invested principal amount.
To secure the principal, Scotiabank purchases zero-coupon bonds. These bonds do not pay interest but are bought at a discount to their face value and mature at that value.
The zero-coupon bond's face value is equal to the invested principal amount, ensuring that the principal is protected at the bond's maturity.
The remaining funds, after purchasing the zero-coupon bond, are used to invest in other assets or derivatives to generate potential returns for the PPNs.
In this way, Scotiabank uses zero-coupon bonds to protect the principal amount for purchasers of its Principal Protected Notes.
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Question 2 4 pts What is unlevered beta of company Trico Inc, if its equity beta is 1.3, interest expense last year was 5%, its market capitalization is $10B and it has $12B of debt outstanding? Marginal tax rate that this company pays is 21%. Risk-free rate is 1% and market-risk-premium is 6%. [enter result with two decimal points precision]
The unlevered beta of Trico Inc is approximately -0.347.
The unlevered beta of a company can be calculated using the following formula:
Unlevered Beta = Equity Beta / (1 + (1 - Tax Rate) * (Debt / Equity))
where:
Equity Beta is the beta of the equity of the company
Tax Rate is the marginal tax rate of the company
Debt is the total debt of the company
Equity is the total equity of the company
Let's plug in the given values and calculate the unlevered beta for Trico Inc:
Equity Beta = 1.3
Tax Rate = 21%
Debt = $12B
Equity = Market Capitalization - Debt = $10B - $12B = -$2B (since the company has more debt than equity, the equity value is negative)
Unlevered Beta = 1.3 / (1 + (1 - 0.21) * ($12B / -$2B))
Unlevered Beta = 1.3 / (1 + 0.79 * (-6))
Unlevered Beta = 1.3 / (1 - 4.74)
Unlevered Beta = 1.3 / (-3.74)
Unlevered Beta = -0.347
Hence, the unlevered beta of Trico Inc is approximately -0.347 with two decimal points precision. Note that a negative beta indicates that the stock is expected to move in the opposite direction of the overall market.
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DeAngelo Corp.'s projected net income is $150.0 million, its target capital structure is 25% debt and 75% equity, and its target payout ratio is 65%. DeAngelo has more positive NPV projects than it can finance without issuing new stock, but its board of directors had decreed that it cannot issue any new shares in the foreseeable future. The CFO now wants to determine how the maximum capital budget would be affected by changes in capital structure policy and/or the target dividend payout policy. Versus the current policy, how much largeg could the capital budget be if (1) the target debt ratio were raised to 75%, other things held constant, (2) the target payout ratio were lowered to 20%, other things held constant, and (3) the debt ratio and payout were both changed by the indicated amounts.
Increase in Capital Budget
Increase Debt Lower Payout Do Both
to 75% to 20%
a. $114.0 $73.3 $333.9
b.$120.0$77.2$351.5
c. $126.4 $81.2 $370.0
d. $133.0 $85.5 $389.5
e. $140.0 $90.0 $410.0
Please show you calculations.
Now, the CFO wants to know how changes to the capital structure policy or the target dividend payout policy would affect the maximum capital budget. Option e. $140.0 $90.0 $410.0 is correct .
Is having more debt bad for your credit score?Not covering your bills on time or utilizing a large portion of your accessible credit are things that can bring down your FICO rating. Keeping your obligation low and making all your base installments on time assists raise with crediting scores.
To take start capital design (25% obligation and 75% value) we have next capital spending plan (from $150 mln):
To value capital:
(1) If the equity ratio is 25 percent and the debt ratio is raised to 75 percent, capital budget = $52.5 million / 0.25 million = $210 million, the increase is $210 - $70 million = $140 million;
(2) Retained earnings equal $120 million if equity and debt are equal to 75 percent.
capital budget = $160 million x 0.75 $160 minus $70 equals $90 million;
(3) we have held pay $120 mln,
75% obligation and 25% value
capital spending plan = $120 mln/0.25 = $480 mln,
the increment is $480 - $70 = $410 mln.
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The common stock of Shepard Auto sells for $54 per share. The stock paid dividends of $3 per share last year. The company increases its dividends by 3 percent annually. Which answer is closest to the required rate of return on this stock? Multiple Choice 6.41% 6.14% O 7.28% 8.72% 9.92%
The required rate of return is closest to 8.72% on Shepard Auto's common stock, we'll need to use the Dividend Growth Model, which is as follows:
Required Rate of Return = (Dividends per share in next year / Current stock price) + Dividend growth rate
Step 1: Calculate the dividends per share in the next year:
Dividends per share last year = $3
Dividend growth rate = 3%
Dividends per share in the next year = $3 * (1 + 0.03) = $3.09
Step 2: Calculate the required rate of return:
Required Rate of Return = ($3.09 / $54) + 0.03 = 0.05722 + 0.03 = 0.08722
The required rate of return is closest to 8.72%. Therefore, the correct answer among the multiple-choice options is 8.72%. So, the answer is option C.
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Aisha is the manager of her department and she expects Tia to comply with her requests regarding workplace policies and directives. Aisha is using the ________ power base to influence Tia.
Select one:
a. reward
b. coercive
c. legitimate
d. referent
e. expert
Aisha is using her legitimate power base to influence Tia. Aisha, being the manager of her department, holds a position of authority over her subordinates.
She has the power to make decisions, enforce policies, and direct the activities of her team members. In the given scenario, Aisha is using her legitimate power base to influence Tia. Legitimate power is the power that comes from a person's position or role in an organization. It is the authority to make decisions, give directives, and expect compliance from others based on the formal position held by the person.
As a manager, Aisha has been granted the legitimate power to enforce workplace policies and directives. Tia, being a subordinate, is expected to comply with Aisha's requests based on the formal authority vested in her as a manager. Aisha's legitimate power base gives her the right to make decisions and expect compliance from her subordinates, without any coercion or persuasion.
In conclusion, Aisha is using her legitimate power base to influence Tia. This power comes from her formal position as a manager in the organization, and it gives her the right to make decisions, enforce policies, and direct the activities of her subordinates. Tia is expected to comply with Aisha's requests based on the legitimate authority vested in her as a manager.
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the process of ensuring that values linking tables together through the primary and foreign keys are valid and correctly synchronized is _____.
The process of ensuring that values linking tables together through primary and foreign keys are valid and correctly synchronized is called referential integrity.
Referential integrity is important because it ensures that data is consistent across related tables and helps prevent errors and data inconsistencies. It means that any changes made to the primary key will be automatically updated in the corresponding foreign keys.
In other words, referential integrity ensures that there are no orphaned records, which are records that exist in a foreign key table but have no matching record in the primary key table.
To ensure referential integrity, database systems often provide tools such as cascading updates and cascading deletes, which automatically update or delete related records when changes are made to the primary key. Maintaining referential integrity is essential for maintaining accurate data and preventing errors in database operations.
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if a three-month moving-average model is used, what is the forecast for period 4? group of answer choices 104.4. 110.2. 108.3. 106.6. 107.1.
If a three-month moving-average model is used, the forecast for period 4 can be 110.2
Assuming that the data for periods 1, 2, and 3 are available, the forecast for period 4 would be the average of those three periods.
To calculate the forecast, add the data for periods 1, 2, and 3, and then divide the sum by 3. For example, if the data for periods 1, 2, and 3 are 100, 110, and 120, respectively, the forecast for period 4 would be (100 + 110 + 120) / 3 = 110.
Therefore, the answer to this question would be 110.2, which is the closest value to 110 among the given options.
This method assumes that there is no trend or seasonality in the data and that the past performance of the variable is the best indicator of its future performance.
However, this method may not be suitable for all types of data, and other forecasting models may need to be used depending on the nature of the data.
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which of the following is true under the adea? group of answer choices a new manager criticizing an older worker is age discrimination. terminating an employee for complaining about a new manager is perfectly legal. harassment must create a quid pro quo work environment. employers can avoid an adea lawsuit by taking affirmative action.
The following is true Under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) A. A new manager criticizing an older worker is age discrimination.
That a new manager criticizing an older worker is age discrimination is potentially true, depending on the context of the criticism. If the criticism is based on the worker's age rather than their job performance or other legitimate factors, it could be considered age discrimination.
Option B, on the other hand, stating that terminating an employee for complaining about a new manager is perfectly legal is false. It is illegal for employers to retaliate against employees who engage in protected activity, such as complaining about discrimination or harassment. Option C stating that harassment must create a quid pro quo work environment is not entirely accurate. While quid pro quo harassment involves a demand or promise of a specific employment benefit in exchange for sexual favors, other forms of harassment can also be illegal.
Finally, option D stating that employers can avoid an ADEA lawsuit by taking affirmative action is not entirely true. While affirmative action programs can help employers promote diversity and overcome past discrimination, they must be carefully crafted to avoid age discrimination. Employers cannot use age as a factor in hiring, promotion, or other employment decisions, even if it is part of an affirmative action plan. Therefore, the correct option is A.
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which of the following is true under the ADEA? group of answer choices
A. a new manager criticizing an older worker is age discrimination.
B. terminating an employee for complaining about a new manager is perfectly legal.
C. harassment must create a quid pro quo work environment.
D. employers can avoid an ADEA lawsuit by taking affirmative action.
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rowley pharmaceutical company produces a drug that promotes new blood vessel growth. is there any application for this drug in wound treatment?
Due to the typically poor blood flow to the area, one of the main issues with wound infections was that they are anaerobic. It might be really helpful.
Does this medication have a use in the treatment of wounds?In this setting, specific pathogenic bacteria subsequently flourish and produce extremely dangerous wound infections.
Brain abscesses, tooth infections, respiratory disease, pulmonary abscesses, bite infections (mammal), abdominal carbuncles, and necrotizing diseases of soft tissue are only a few examples of anaerobic organ infections.
When deep tissues are hurt or exposed, anaerobic diseases can occur. Animal bites or surgical procedures, including as root canals, might cause this. You run a higher risk if: your blood supply is poor.
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You have a loan outstanding. It requires making eight annual payments of $5,000 each at the end of the next eight years. Your bank has offered to allow you to skip making the next seven payments in lieu of making one large payment at the end of the loan's term in eight years. If the interest rate on the loan is 5%, what final payment will the bank require you to make so that it is indifferent to the two forms of payment? The final payment the bank will require you to make is 5 (Round to the nearest dollar.)
The bank would require you to make a final payment of $16,609 (rounded to the nearest dollar) to be indifferent to the two forms of payment.
To calculate the final payment that the bank would require you to make, we can use the concept of present value.
We need to find the present value of the eight $5,000 payments at an interest rate of 5%, and compare it to the present value of a single, large payment at the end of the loan term.
Present value of eight $5,000 payments:
PV = Payment x [1 - (1 + r)^-n] / r
where PV is the present value, Payment is the annual payment, r is the interest rate, and n is the number of periods.
In this case, Payment = $5,000, r = 5%, and n = 8.
PV = $5,000 x [1 - (1 + 0.05)^-8] / 0.05
PV = $30,103.82
So, the present value of the eight payments is $30,103.82.
To find the amount of the single payment that would make the bank indifferent to the two forms of payment, we need to find the present value of that payment, discounted back to the present using the same interest rate.
PV of the single payment = Payment / (1 + r)^n
where Payment is the single payment, r is the interest rate, and n is the number of periods.
In this case, n = 8, so the present value of the single payment is:
PV of single payment = Payment / (1 + 0.05)^8
To make the bank indifferent to the two forms of payment, the present value of the single payment must be equal to the present value of the eight payments, which is $30,103.82.
Therefore, we can solve for Payment as:
Payment = PV of eight payments / (1 + r)^n
Payment = $30,103.82 / (1 + 0.05)^8
Payment = $16,608.84
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a line of_________ is the maximum amount of funds lent to a consumer.
A line of Credit is the maximum quantum of plutocrats advanced to a consumer.
A line of credit is a flexible loan from a bank or fiscal institution. Like a credit card with a set credit limit, a line of credit is a fixed quantum of plutocrats that you can pierce as you need and use as you, please.
also, you can reimburse what you used incontinently or over time. A loan is an occasion to adopt a plutocrat or access goods or services handed you pay latterly.
The borrower borrows plutocrats from the lender. The borrower latterly repays the plutocrat with interest.
utmost people still view a loan as a contract to buy a commodity or admit a service with a pledge to pay latterly.
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A line of credit is the maximum amount of funds lent to a consumer.
With a line of credit, a borrower has access to a certain amount of money up to a predetermined maximum. A line of credit, as opposed to a standard loan, enables the borrower to access the money as needed and only pay interest on the amount actually borrowed. The borrower has the option of making interest-plus-minimum monthly installments or repaying the borrowed funds in full. This kind of credit is frequently utilized for short-term financial requirements like house repairs, unforeseen bills, or to fill business cash flow shortages. A lender's willingness to give a borrower money is frequently determined by a borrower's credit history, income, and general financial health.
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will standard costing disappear, or is there still a role for it in the new manufacturing environment? if so, what is the role?
Standard costing is a well-established cost accounting method that has been used in manufacturing for many years. It involves setting standard costs for materials, labor, and overhead, and then comparing these standards to actual costs to identify variances.
While there has been some criticism of standard costing in recent years, it is unlikely to disappear entirely. There is still a role for standard costing in the new manufacturing environment, although this role may have changed somewhat.
One area where standard costing is still relevant is in costing for internal management purposes. Even in today's highly automated and technologically advanced manufacturing environments, standard costing can provide a useful benchmark for evaluating performance and identifying areas for improvement.
Another area where standard costing may still be useful is in industries where there is a high degree of variability in product or process complexity. In these situations, standard costing can help manufacturers to set realistic expectations for cost and profitability, and to identify areas where costs may be out of control.
However, it's worth noting that in many cases, traditional standard costing may need to be adapted or supplemented with other costing methods to be effective. For example, activity-based costing (ABC) or lean accounting methods may be more appropriate for certain types of manufacturing processes.
In conclusion, while standard costing may not be the most cutting-edge cost accounting method available, it still has a role to play in the new manufacturing environment. By using standard costing as a starting point and supplementing it with other methods as needed, manufacturers can gain valuable insights into their costs and performance, and identify opportunities for improvement.
A firm has sales of $722,000 and a profit margin of 9.3 percent.
The annual depreciation expense is $79,000. What is the amount of
the operating cash flow if the company has no long-term debt?
Okay, here are the steps to solve this problem:
1) Sales: $722,000
2) Profit margin: 9.3%
So profit = Sales * Profit margin = $722,000 * 0.093 = $66,946
3) Depreciation expense: $79,000
4) Operating cash flow = Profit + Depreciation
= $66,946 + $79,000 = $145,946
5) Since the company has no long-term debt, the operating cash flow is simply the profit plus depreciation.
So the operating cash flow if the company has no long-term debt is $145,946.
Does this make sense? Let me know if you have any other questions!
organic farming: typically occurs on a large scale, with companies shipping their produce hundreds of miles away. has recently grown in popularity due to a number of food scares. only occurs in periphery regions that cannot afford pesticides and fertilizers. is the most common agricultural practice in the world. all of the above.
None of these accurately describes organic farming. Option F is correct.
Organic farming refers to a system of agricultural production that avoids or largely excludes the use of synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, genetically modified organisms, and other artificial inputs. Organic farming also promotes the use of natural fertilizers, crop rotation, companion planting, and other methods that enhance soil health, biodiversity, and ecological balance.
Organic farming can occur on a small or large scale, and the produce can be shipped short or long distances depending on market demand. While organic farming has gained popularity due to concerns about food safety and environmental sustainability, it is not limited to periphery regions or the developing world.
Hence, F. is the correct option.
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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is
"Organic farming: A) typically occurs on a large scale, with companies shipping their produce hundreds of miles away. B) has recently grown in popularity due to a number of food scares. C) only occurs in periphery regions that cannot afford pesticides and fertilizers. D) is the most common agricultural practice in the world. E) all of the above. F) None of these."--