Answer:
Mason Automotive sells 10,000,000 shares at $5 par for $15 on January 1st, 2019.
Dr Cash 150,000,000
Cr Common stock 50,000,000
Cr Additional paid in capital 100,000,000
Ed Mason, the CEO, hires 4,000 employees, whom will receive a combined salary of $6.5 Million on a monthly basis. The employees started on January 1st and will be paid for the month of January on February 5th. Employee's withholdings are as follows: 10% for federal income taxes 5% for state income taxes and 7% for FICA. Record the necessary entry as of January 1st, 2019.
No journal entry required
Adjusting entry:
January 31, 2019, wages expense
Dr Wages expense 6,500,000
Dr FICA taxes expense 455,000
Cr Federal income taxes withheld payable 650,000
Cr State income taxes withheld payable 325,000
Cr FICA taxes withheld payable 455,000
Cr FICA taxes payable 455,000
Cr Wages payable 5,070,000
On January 1st, Mason Automotive receives $70 Million advance payment from a customer, Highland Inc., to manufacture 7,000 cars.
Dr Cash 70,000,000
Cr Deferred revenue 70,000,000
Adjusting entry:
January 31, 2019, 5,000 cars were finished and delivered
Dr Deferred revenue 35,000,000
Cr Sales revenue 35,000,000
Mason Automotive issues a bond payable on January 1st, 2019 with a face value of $500 Million at 98. The bond will have a useful life of 10 years with an interest payment of 8% (Annual Percentage Rate) due at the end of the month. Record the necessary journal entry as of January 1st, 2019.
Dr Cash 490,000,000
Dr Discount on bonds payable 10,000,000
Cr Bonds payable 10,000,000
(Note: When considering the amortization of the discount or premium, assume the straight line method is used).
Adjusting entry
January 31, 2019, interest expense
Dr interest expense 3,416,666
Cr Discount on bonds payable 83,333
Cr Interest payable 3,333,333
Mason Automotive purchased $6 Million dollars worth of supplies on account on January 2nd, 2019.
Dr Supplies 6,000,000
Cr Accounts payable 6,000,000
Adjusting entry
January 31, 2019, supplies expense
Dr Supplies expense 3,500,000
Cr Supplies 3,500,000
On January 2nd, Mason Automotive shipped an order to Panther Paws Corporation. The shipping terms were FOB shipping point and the value of the order was $95 Million and the inventory cost was $55 Million. Assume that this sale was made on account. Dr Accounts receivable 95,000,000
Cr Sales revenue 95,000,000
Dr Cost of goods sold 55,000,000
Cr Inventory 55,000,000
Adjusting entry:
January 31, 2019, allowance for doubtful accounts (3%)
Dr Bad debt expense 2,850,000
Cr Allowance for doubtful accounts 2,850,000
Mason Automotive purchased $150 Million dollars worth of inventory on January 2nd, 2019. $80 Million was paid with cash with the remaining balance on account. Mason notes that it will use a perpetual inventory system to track inventory.
Dr Inventory 150,000,000
Cr Cash 80,000,000
Cr Accounts payable 70,000,000
Mason Automotive buys a patent from Apple for $20 Million on January 3rd, 2019. The patent has a legal life of 20 years and the useful life was the same. Record the necessary entry as of January 3rd, 2019. Assume the patent was purchased using cash. Dr Patent 20,000,000
Cr Cash 20,000,000
Adjusting entry:
January 31, 2019, patent amortization expense
Dr Patent amortization expense 83,333
Cr Patent 83,333
Mason Automotive pre-pays for Rent Expense for the next year of $12 Million and Insurance Expense of $3.7 Million on January 3rd, 2019.
Dr Prepaid rent 12,000,000
Dr Prepaid insurance 3,700,000
Cr Cash 15,700,000
Adjusting entries:
January 31, 2019, rent expense
Dr Rent expense 1,000,000
Cr Prepaid rent 1,000,000
January 31, 2019, insurance expense
Dr Insurance expense 308,333
Cr Prepaid insurance 308,333
Mason Automotive purchases fixed assets of $100 Million that will have a useful life of 10 years and a salvage value of $20 million on January 4th, 2019. $20 million was paid with cash with the remaining balance on account. These assets are depreciated using the straight-line method.
Dr Fixed assets 100,000,000
Cr Cash 20,000,000
Cr Accounts payable 80,000,000
Adjusting entry:
January 31, 2019, depreciation expense
Dr Depreciation expense 666,667
Cr Accumulated depreciation - fixed assets 666,667
On January 20th, Mason Automotive decides to purchase 500,000 shares of Treasury stock at $35 per share.
Dr Treasury stock 17,500,000
Cr Cash 17,500,000
Assume that ExxonMobil uses a standard cost system for each of its refineries. For the Houston refinery, the monthly fixed overhead budget is $8,000,000 for a planned outputs of 5,000,000 barrels. For September, the actual fixed cost was $8,750,000 for 5,100,000 barrels.
Required
a. Determine the fixed overhead budget variance.
b. If fixed overhead is applied on a per-barrel basis, determine the volume variance.
c. Provide formulas and an explanation.
Answer:
a. Fixed overhead budget variance = Budgeted fixed overhead - Actual fixed overhead
= $8,000,000 - $8,750,000
= $750,000 Unfavorable
b. Predetermined overhead rate per barrel = $8,000,000 / 5,000,000
= $1.60 per barrel
Fixed overhead applied = 5,100,000 * $1.60
= $8,160,000
Fixed overhead volume variance = Fixed overhead applied - Budgeted fixed overhead
= $8,160,000 - $8,000,000
= $160,000 Favorable
c. Fixed overhead budget variance = Budgeted fixed overhead - Actual fixed overhead
Predetermined overhead rate per barrel = Budgeted fixed overhead / Planned outputs
Fixed overhead volume variance = Fixed overhead applied - Budgeted fixed overhead
The aggregate demand and aggregate supply model is a useful simplification of the macroeconomy used to explain short-run fluctuation in economic activity around its long-run trend.
a) The vertical axis of a diagram of the aggregate demand and aggregate supply curves measures which of the following?
A. An economy's price level.
B. The amount of a particular representative good produced in the economy.
C. The price of a particular representative good produced in the economy.
b) Which of the following are reasons that the short-run aggregate supply curve slopes upward?
A. As the price level rises, firms expand their production because they can sell their output for more money.
B. As the price level rises, firms find it more profitable to hire workers at any given wage.
C. As the price level rises, firms decrease their investment, because it is more expensive to purchase capital.
Answer:
The correct answers are:
a) A. An economy's price level.
b) A. As the price level rises, firms expand their production because they can sell their output for more money.
Explanation:
On the one hand, in this type of economic model, the aggregate supply and demand represent the economy's price and quantity level regarding the output of the country as a whole. Therefore that in the vertical axis of the diagram the curves measures the price level of the economy and in the horizontal axis the curves measure the output that the economy produces at that given price.
On the other hand, the slope of the aggregate supply is upward because of the same reason as it is in the supply curve, because of the law of the supply, that states that there is a direct relationship between the price of the good an its quantity offered. Thefore that when the price level rises the firms will produce more because they can sell their production at a higher price.
Which of the following is not considered to be a liability? Answers: a. Wages Payable b. Unearned Revenues c. Accounts Payable d. Accounts Receivable
Answer:
d. Accounts Receivable.
Explanation:
In Financial accounting, liability can be defined as the amount of money being owed by an individual or organization to another.
Simply stated, liability is a debt being owed and as such it usually has "payable" in its account title on the balance sheet.
Generally, liabilities are recorded on the right side of the balance sheet and it comprises of financial informations such as warranties, bonds, loans, deferred revenues, mortgages, account payable etc.
Accounts Receivable is not considered to be a liability because it is the payment a business firm would receive from its customers for goods purchased or services taken on credit. Accounts Receivable are recorded in the current assets section of the balance sheet because they add value to a business firm.
Builtrite bonds have the following: 5 ½% coupon, 11 years until maturity, $1000 par and are currently selling at $1054. If you want to make an 5% return, what would you be willing to pay for the bond?
Answer:
$1,041.53
Explanation:
The price that a rational investor would pay for the bond yearning for 5% rate of return can be determined using excel pv function below:
=-pv(rate,nper,pmt,fv)
rate is the yield expected by the investor
nper is the number of annual coupons remaining i.e 11
pmt is the amount of annual coupon=face value*coupon rate=$1000*5.5%=$55
fv is the face value of $1000
=-pv(5%,11,55,1000)=$1,041.53
Primus Corp. is planning to convert an existing warehouse into a new plant that will increase its production capacity by 45 percent. The cost of this project will be $7,125,000. It will result in additional cash flows of $1,875,000 for the next eight years. The discount rate is 12 percent.
a) What is the payback period?
b) What is the NPV for this project?
c) What is the IRR?
Answer:
3.8 years
$2,189,324.56
20.33%
Explanation:
Payback period calculates how long it takes to recover the amount invested in a project from its cumulative cash flows.
Payback period = amount invested / cash flows = $7,125,000 / $1,875,000 = 3.8 years
Net present value is the present value of after tax cash flows from an investment less the amount invested.
Net present value can be calculated using a financial calculator
cash flow in year 0 = $-7,125,000.
cash flow each year from year 1 to 8 = $1,875,000
I = 12%
NPV = $2,189,324.56
Internal rate of return is the discount rate that equates the after tax cash flows from an investment to the amount invested
IRR can be calculated using a financial calculator
cash flow in year 0 = $-7,125,000.
cash flow each year from year 1 to 8 = $1,875,000
I = 12%
IRR = 20.33%
To find the NPV using a financial calculator:
1. Input the cash flow values by pressing the CF button. After inputting the value, press enter and the arrow facing a downward direction.
2. after inputting all the cash flows, press the NPV button, input the value for I, press enter and the arrow facing a downward direction.
3. Press compute
To find the IRR using a financial calculator:
1. Input the cash flow values by pressing the CF button. After inputting the value, press enter and the arrow facing a downward direction.
2. After inputting all the cash flows, press the IRR button and then press the compute button.
What is the value of a zero-coupon bond with a yield to maturity of 9 percent, a par value of $1,000, and 10 years to maturity? (Assume semi-annual compounding)
Answer:
$414.64
Explanation:
For computing the value of zero-coupon bond we need to apply the present value formula i.e to be shown in the attachment
Given that,
Future value = $1,000
Rate of interest = 9% ÷ 2 = 4.5%
NPER = 10 years × 2 = 20 years
PMT = $0
The formula is shown below:
= -PV(Rate;NPER;PMT;FV;type)
So, after applying the above formula, the present value is $414.64
At the beginning of its current fiscal year, Willie Corp.’s balance sheet showed assets of $11,400 and liabilities of $5,700. During the year, liabilities decreased by $1,200. Net income for the year was $3,050, and net assets at the end of the year were $6,150. There were no changes in paid-in capital during the year.
Required:
Calculate the dividends, if any, declared during the year.
Stockholders' Equity
Assets = Liabilities + PIC + RE
Beginning $11,900 = $6,300 + 0 +
Changes = (1,200) + 0 +
Ending = + +
Answer:
$8,750
Explanation:
ASSETS = LIABILITIES + PAID IN CAPITAL + RETAINED EARNINGS
beginning of the year:
$11,400 = $5,700 + paid in capital + retained earnings
paid in capital + beginning retained earnings = $5,700
end of the year:
$6,150 = $4,500 + paid in capital + retained earnings
paid in capital + ending retained earnings = $1,650
ending retained earnings = beginning retained earnings + net income - dividends = beginning retained earnings + $3,050 - dividends
paid in capital + beginning retained earnings - $5,700 = 0
paid in capital + beginning retained earnings + $3,050 - dividends - $1,650 = 0
let X = paid in capital
let Y =beginning retained earnings
X + Y - $5,700 = X + Y + $3,050 - dividends
we eliminate X and Y
-$5,700 = $3,050 - dividends
dividends = $5,700 + $3,050 = $8,750
You recently began a job as an accounting intern at Raymond Adventures.
Your first task was to help prepare the cash budget for February and March.
Unfortunately the computer with the budget file crashed and you did not have a backup or even a hard copy.
You ran a program to salvage bits of data from the budget file.
After entering the following data in the budget, you may have just enough information to reconstruct the budget.
Raymond Adventures eliminates any cash deficiency by borrowing the exact amount needed from State Street Bank where the current interest rate is 7 %.
Raymond Adventures pays interest on its outstanding debt at the end of each month.
The company also repays all borrowed amounts at the end of the month as cash becomes available.
Raymond Adventures
Combined Cash Budget
February and March
February March
Beginning cash balance 16,500 ??
Plus: Cash collections ?? 80,200
Plus: Cash from sale of plant assets 0 2,100
Total cash available 107,100 ??
Less: Cash payments
(purchase inventory) ?? 41,500
Less: Cash payments
(operating expenses) 47,900 ??
Total cash payments 98,700 ??
(1) Ending cash balance before
financing ?? 22,900
Minimum cash balance desired 20,000 20,000
Cash excess (deficiency) ?? ??
Financing:
Plus: New borrowings ?? ??
Less: Debt repayments ?? ??
Less: Interest payments ?? ??
(2) Total effects of financing ?? ??
Ending cash balance (1) + (2) ?? ??
Answer:
Beginning cash balance for March= $20,000
Cash collections for February =$90,600
Total cash available for March =$102,300
Cash payments (purchase inventory) for February =$50,800
Cash payments (operating expenses) for March =$37,900
Total cash payments for March =$79,400
Ending cash balance before
financing for February =$8,400
Cash excess (deficiency) for February and March =$- 11,600 $2,900
New borrowings for February and March
=$11,600 $0
Debt repayments for February and March
=$0 -$2,900
Interest payments for February and March
=$0 $0
Ending cash balance for February and March (1) + (2) =$20,000 $20,000
Explanation
Preparation of Raymond Adventures
Combined Cash Budget for February and March
Raymond Adventures Combined Cash Budget for February and March
Beginning cash balance 16,500 20,000
Plus: Cash collections 90,600 80,200
Plus: Cash from sale of plant assets 0 2,100
Total cash available 107,100 102,300
Less: Cash payments
(purchase inventory) 50,800 41,500
Less: Cash payments
(operating expenses) 47,900 37,900
Total cash payments 98,700 79,400
(1) Ending cash balance before
financing 8,400 22,900
Minimum cash balance desired 20,000 20,000
Cash excess (deficiency) -11,600 2,900
Financing:
Plus: New borrowings 11,600 0
Less: Debt repayments 0 -2,900
Less: Interest payments 0 0
(2) Total effects of financing 11,600 -2,900
Ending cash balance (1) + (2) 20,000 20,000
Beginning cash balance for March
Minimum cash balance desired March 20,000
Calculation for Cash collections for February
Total cash available 107,100-Beginning cash balance 16,500=90,600
Calculation for Total cash available for March
Beginning cash balance 20,000
Plus: Cash collections 80,200
Plus: Cash from sale of plant assets 2,100
=102,300
Calculation for Cash payments (purchase inventory) for February
Total cash payments 98,700 -Cash payments
(operating expenses) 47,900
=50,800
Calculation for Cash payments (operating expenses) for March
Total cash payments for March 79,400-Cash payments(purchase inventory) for March 41,500
=37,900
Calculation for Total cash payments for March
Total cash available for March 102,300-Ending cash balance before
financing for March 22,900
=79,400
Calculation for the Ending cash balance before
financing for February
Total cash available 107,100-Total cash payments 98,700
=8,400
Calculation for Cash excess (deficiency) for February and March
Ending cash balance before
financing 8,400 22,900
Less Minimum cash balance desired 20,000 20,000
=- 11,600 2,900
New borrowings for February and March
11,600 0
Debt repayments for February and March
0 -2,900
Interest payments for February and March
0 0
Calculation for Ending cash balance for February and March (1) + (2)
(1) Ending cash balance before
financing 8,400 22,900
Add (2) Total effects of financing 11,600 -2,900
=20,000 20,000
Golden Corp.'s current year income statement, comparative balance sheets, and additional information follow. For the year, (1) all sales are credit sales, (2) all credits to Accounts Receivable reflect cash receipts from customers, (3) all purchases of inventory are on credit, (4) all debits to Accounts Payable reflect cash payments for inventory, (5) Other Expenses are all cash expenses, and (6) any change in Income Taxes Payable reflects the accrual and cash payment of taxes.
GOLDEN CORPORATION Comparative Balance Sheets December 31
Current Year Prior Year
Assets
Cash $167,000 $110,300
Accounts receivable 87,500 74,000
Inventory 605,500 529,000
Total current assets 860,000 713,300
Equipment 343,000 302,000
Accum. depreciation—Equipment (159,500) (105,500)
Total assets $1,043,500 $909,800
Liabilities and Equity:
Accounts payable $93,000 $74,000
Income taxes payable 31,000 26,600
Total current liabilities 124,000 100,600
Equity:
Common stock, $2 par value 595,600 571,000
Paid-in capital in excess of par value, common stock 201,400 164,500
Retained earnings 122,500 73,700
Total liabilities and equity $1,043,500 $909,800
GOLDEN CORPORATION Income Statement For Current Year Ended December 31
Sales $1,807,000
Cost of goods sold 1,089,000
Gross profit 718,000
Operating expenses
Depreciation expense $54,000
Other expenses 497,000 551,000
Income before taxes 167,000
Income taxes expense 26,200
Net income $140,800
Additional Information on Current Year Transactions:
Purchased equipment for $41,000 cash.
Issued 12,300 shares of common stock for $5 cash per share.
Declared and paid $92,000 in cash dividends.
Required:
Prepare a complete statement of cash flows: report its cash inflows and cash outflows from operating activities according to the indirect method.
Answer:
Golden Corp.
Statement of Cash Flows for the year ended December 31, using the indirect method:
Net Income before taxes $167,000
Add non-cash expenses:
Depreciation 54,000
Adjustment of current assets:
Accounts receivable (13,500)
Inventory (76,500)
Adjustment of current liabilities:
Accounts payable 19,000
Income taxes payable (4,400)
Net Cash Flow from operations $145,600
Financing Activities:
Common Stock $61,500
Dividend paid 92,000
Net Cash Flow from financing activities $153,500
Investing Activities:
Equipment purchase $41,000
Net Cash Flow from investing activities $41,000
Net Cash Flow $340,100
Explanation:
The Golden Corp.'s statement of cash flows depicts the flow of cash under three main activity headings: operating, financing, and investing. There are two methods under which Golden Corp. can prepare the statement. They include the indirect method, which starts from the net income, adjusts the non-cash expenses and the changes in working capital, and the direct method, which shows the cash inflows and outflows for each cash flow item.
The cash flow for the company is analyzed below:
Net Income before taxes $167,000
Add: non-cash expenses:
Depreciation $54,000
Adjustment of current assets:
Accounts receivable (13,500)
Inventory (76,500)
Adjustment of current liabilities:
Accounts payable 19,000
Income taxes payable (4,400)
Net Cash Flow from operations $145,600
Financing Activities:
Common Stock $61,500
Add: Dividend paid 92,000
Net Cash Flow from financing activities $153,500
Investing Activities:
Equipment purchase $41,000
Net Cash Flow from investing activities $41,000
Net Cash Flow $340,100
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Wolford Department Store is located in midtown Metropolis. During the past several years, net income has been declining because suburban shopping centers have been attracting business away from city areas. At the end of the company’s fiscal year on November 30, 2017, these accounts appeared in its adjusted trial balance.
Accounts Payable $34,304
Accounts Receivable 22,016
Accumulated Depreciation's Equipment 87,040
Cash 10,240
Common Stock 44,800
Cost of Goods Sold 786,304
Freight-Out 7,936
Equipment 200,960
Depreciation Expense 17,280
Dividends 15,360
Gain on Disposal of Plant Assets 2,560
Income Tax Expense 12,800
Insurance Expense 11,520
Interest Expense 6,400
Inventoryv 33,536
Notes Payable 55,680
Prepaid Insurance 7,680
Advertising Expense 42,880
Rent Expense 43,520
Retained Earnings 18,176
Salaries and Wages Expense 149,760
Sales Revenue 1,157,120
Salaries and Wages Payable 7,680
Sales Returns and Allowances 25,600
Utilities Expense 13,568
Additional data: Notes payable are due in 2021.
Required:
Prepare a multiple-step income statement. (List other revenues before other expenses.)
Answer:
Wolford Department Store
Income Statement
For the year ended November 30. 2017
Sales Revenue
Total sales $1,157,120
Less Sales return $25,600
Net Sales Revenue $1,131,520
Less : Cost of goods sold $786,304
Gross Profit $345,216
Operating Expenses
Selling Expenses
Freight out $7,936
Advertising expenses $42,880
Administrative expenses
Depreciation Expenses $17,280
Salaries and wages Expenses $149,760
Rent Expenses $43,520
Utilities Expenses $13,568
Insurance Expenses $11,520
Total Operating Expenses $286,464
$58,752
Other Income and Expenses
Gain on disposal of equipment $2,560
Less: Interest Expenses $11,520
Net Other Income and Expenses -$8,960
Less: Income Tax Expenses $12,800
Net Income $36,992
An investor considers investing $10,000 in the stock market. He believes that the probability is 0.30 that the economy will improve, 0.40 that it will stay the same, and 0.30 that it will deteriorate. Further, if the economy improves, he expects his investment to grow to $15,000, but it can also go down to $8,000 if the economy deteriorates. If the economy stays the same, his investment will stay at $10,000.a. What is the expected value of his investment?b. Should he invest the $10,000 in the stock market if he is risk neutral?c. Is the decision clear-cut if he is risk averse? Explain.
Answer:
a. What is the expected value of his investment?
$10,900b. Should he invest the $10,000 in the stock market if he is risk neutral?
If the investor is risk neutral, then he pays little attention to market risk, therefore, he/she should invest because the expected value is higher than the investment.c. Is the decision clear-cut if he is risk averse?
If the investor is risk averse, it means that he/she is afraid of market risk and likes to make decisions that involve the least possible risk. In this case, the possibility of losing money is not that large (in my opinion) and the expected value is relatively high, but a risk averse investor would probably prefer an investment that yields a lower rate but is more secure, e.g. US securities.Explanation:
total investment $10,000
if economy improves = 0.30 x $15,000 = $4,500if economy remains the same = 0.40 x $10,000 = $4,000if economy deteriorates = 0.30 x $8,000 = $2,400total expected value = $10,900
The ___________ organization becomes a central hub surrounded by networks of outside suppliers and specialists, and parts can be added or taken.
Answer: modular
Explanation:
A modular organizational structure is a form of business which can be separated and then recombined so as to bring about efficiency at the workplace.
In modular structure, the business is grouped into small, strategic business units that focuses on a particular element of the process in the organization. It leads to flexibility and efficiency.
10. You recently sold 200 shares of Apple stock to your brother. The transfer was made through a broker, and the trade occurred on the NYSE. This is an example of:
Answer:
A secondary market transaction
Explanation:
Secondary market transaction: In this transaction, the transaction which is already issued to the public are sold by another investors.
In this type market, the investors buy and sell securities which are theirs . It is what most people typically think of as the "stock market," though stocks are also sold on the primary market when they are first issued.
So in the question, the transfer was made through a broker which implies it deals in the secondary market.
Primary market transaction: In this transaction, the company directly sells the new stocks, bonds, etc to the public for the first time.
Future market transaction: This is the transaction which occurs in the near future to buy some specific quantities at the future price.
Which of the following statements regarding a partner's basis of inventory received in a liquidating distribution is True?
A) Partners may either increase or decrease the basis in inventory distributed in a liquidating distribution.
B) Partners may only increase the basis in inventory distributed in a liquidating distribution.
C) Partners may only decrease the basis in inventory distributed in a liquidating distribution.
D) None of these statements is True.
Answer:
C) Partners may only decrease the basis in inventory distributed in a liquidating distribution.
Explanation:
Liquidating distribution refers to the absence of dividend distribution that is to be allocated to the shareholders in case of the partial or complete liquidation. In this, the whole equity is allocated along with the profit-sharing
In case fo inventory received based on a partner basis, the partners are only eligible to decrease the inventory basis
hence, the option c is correct
Consider a product with a daily demand of 600 units, a setup cost per production run of $200, a monthly holding cost per unit of $5.00, and an annual production rate of 300,000 units. The firm operates and experiences demand 300 days per year.
Required:
a. What is the optimum size of the production run?
b. What is the average holding cost per year?
c. What is the setup cost per year?
d. What is the total cost per year if cost of each unit is 10 dollars?
e. Suppose that management mistakenly used the basic EOQ model to calculate the batch size instead of using the POQ model. How much money per year has that mistake cost the company?
Answer:
a. 3,795 units
b. $1,897.50
c. $2,845.80
d. $42,693.80
Explanation:
Optimum size for the Production ran is the size that minimizes Set-up costs and Holding costs.
Optimum size for the Production = √ (2 × Annual Production × Set-up cost) / Holding Cost per unit
Optimum size for the Production = √ (2 × 600 × 300 × $200) / $5.00
= 3,794.73 or 3,795 units
Average Holding Cost = Optimum size for the Production / 2
= 3,795 units / 2
= $1,897.50
Set - up Cost = Total Annual Production / Optimum size for the Production × Set - up cost per unit
= ((600 × 300) / 3,795)× $5.00
= $237.15
Annual cost = $237.15 × 12
= $2,845.80
Total Cost Calculation
Purchase Price (3,795 × $10) = $37,950.50
Holding Cost = $1,897.50
Set - up Cost = $2,845.80
Total Cost = $42,693.80
POQ = Optimum size for the Production / Annual Demand
= 3,795 units / (300 × 600)
= 0.021
The Freeman Manufacturing Company is considering a new investment. Financial projections for the investment are tabulated below. The corporate tax rate is 34 percent. Assume all sales revenue is received in cash, all operating costs and income taxes are paid in cash, and all cash flows occur at the end of the year. All net working capital is recovered at the end of the project.
a. Compute the incremental net income of the investment for each year. (Do not round intermediate calculations.)
b. Compute the incremental cash flows of the investment for each year. (Do not round intermediate calculations. A negative answer should be indicated by a minus sign.)
c. Suppose the appropriate discount rate is 12 percent. What is the NPV of the project?
Complete question is given at the end of the question.
Answer with Explanation:
Requirement 1:
Net Income is an accounting profits which includes both cash flow items and non cash flow items. It can be calculated as under:
Net Income = (Sales - Cost - Depreciation) - (Income Before Tax * Tax Rate)
The computation is given in the Second excel sheet attached.
Requirement 2:
According to relevant costing principles if the cost is relevant then it must satisfy following conditions:
Must be cash flow in nature.Must be Future related (no past commitments).Differential or must be incrementalSo this means that the depreciation would not be taken into account as it is not a relevant cost and thus must not be included as an incremental cost.
Incremental Cash flow can be calculated using the following formula:
Incremental Cash Flow = Net Income + Depreciation (Removing its impact) - Working Capital Injection + Working Capital Withdrawal
The calculation for each year is shown in the second attachment.
Requirement 3:
The NPV can be calculated by discounting each year cash flow by the rate of return which in this case is 12%.
The formula for calculating the NPV is as under:
NPV = Investment in year zero - Net Cash Flow of Y1 / (1 + r)^1 - Net Cash Flow of Y2 / (1 + r)^2 - Net Cash Flow of Y3 / (1 + r)^3 - Net Cash Flow of Y4 / (1 + r)^4
The computation of NPV is given in the second attachment given below:
"The following per unit cost information is available: direct materials $10, direct labor $4, variable manufacturing overhead $3, fixed manufacturing overhead $10, variable selling and administrative expenses $1, and fixed selling and administrative expenses $8. Using a 25% markup percentage on total per unit cost, compute the target selling price."
Answer:
The target selling price =$45
Explanation:
The target selling price is the sum of the total unit cost plus 25% of the the unit cost
The target selling price = Total per unit cost + (25% × total unit cost)
The total unit cost is the sum of all the costs involved making the product available to the consumer.
The sum of direct material cost , labour cost variable manufacturing, fixed manufacturing overhead, variable selling and administrative expenses and fixed selling and administrative expenses.
The target selling price would be determined using te steps below:
Step 1: Calculate the unit cost
Total unit cost = 10 + 4 + 3 + 10 + 1 + 8 = 36
Total unit cost = $36
Step 2: Calculate the target selling price
Target selling price = Unit cost + (25%× unit cost)
The target selling price = 36 + (25% × 36) = $45
The target selling price =$45
1. Stock A has an expected return of 7%, a standard deviation of expected returns of 35%, a correlation coefficient with the market of -0.3, and a beta coefficient of -0.5. Stock B has an expected return of 12% a standard deviation of returns of 10%, a 0.7 correlation with the market, and a beta coefficient of 1.0. Which security is riskier
Answer:
Option A is riskier
Explanation:
In this question, we want to know which of the two stocks is riskier.
To answer this, we can use the standard deviation of returns as a risk measure.
For a security with a big value for standard deviation of returns, its per period returns are wider making its range per day large.
Hence, what this means is that out of the two stocks, the one with a larger value of standard deviation of returns will guarantee more risk as it is expected to give a better ranges of price
Now back to the values in the question, we can see that the standard deviation of returns of stock A is greater than that of stock B which this makes it a more risky option
On July 1, 20Y1, Livingston Corporation, a wholesaler of manufacturing equipment, issued $46,000,000 of 20-year, 10% bonds at a market (effective) interest rate of 11%, receiving cash of $42,309,236. Interest on the bonds is payable semiannually on December 31 and June 30. The fiscal year of the company is the calendar year. Required: For all journal entries, if an amount box does not require an entry, leave it blank. 1. Journalize the entry to record the amount of cash proceeds from the issuance of the bonds on July 1, 20Y1. 20Y1 July 1 2. Journalize the entries to record the following: a. The first semiannual interest payment on December 31, 20Y1, and the amortization of the bond discount, using the straight-line method. Round to the nearest dollar. 20Y1 Dec. 31 b. The interest payment on June 30, 20Y2, and the amortization of the bond discount, using the straight-line method. Round to the nearest dollar. 20Y2 June 30 3. Determine the total interest expense for 20Y1. $ 4. Will the bond proceeds always be less than the face amount of the bonds when the contract rate is less than the market rate of interest
Answer and Explanation:
1 . The journal entries are shown below;
Cash Dr $42,309,236
Discount on bond payable $3,690,764
To Bond payable $46,000,000
(Being the issuance of the bond is recorded)
2. a.
Interest expense Dr $2,392,269
To Discount on bond payable ($3,690,764 ÷ 20 years × 2) $92,269.10
To Cash $23,000,000 ($46,000,000 ÷ 2 years)
(Being the interest expense is recorded)
b.
Interest expense Dr $2,392,269
To Discount on bond payable ($3,690,764 ÷ 20 years × 2) $92,269.10
To Cash $23,000,000 ($46,000,000 ÷ 2 years)
(Being the interest expense is recorded)
3. Total interest expense is $2,392,269
4. Yes, bond payments will always be lower than the face value of bonds, if the contract rate is lower than the interest rate on the market.
Currently Baldwin is paying a dividend of $19.69 (per share). If this dividend were raised by $3.64, given its current stock price what would be the Dividend Yield?
Answer:
$23.33
Explanation:
Calculation for the Dividend yield for Baldwin
Using this formula
Dividend yield = Dividend per share + Increase in Dividend
Let plug in the formula
Dividend yield = $19.69+$3.64
Dividend yield =$23.22
Therefore the Dividend yield will be $23.22
Sinking fund bonds: A. Are bearer bonds. B. Are registered bonds. C. Require equal payments of both principal and interest over the life of the bond issue. D. Require the issuer to set aside assets at specified amounts to retire the bonds at maturity. E. Decline in value over time.
Answer:
The answer is D.
Explanation:
Sinking funds require the issuer(borrower) to set aside assets at specified amounts to retire the bonds at maturity. Sinking fund helps the issuer to secure a bond with lower yield.
An agreed amount is deposited at an agreed period (e.g yearly) so as to pay of the par value or principal value at maturity.
Raphael's Performance Pizza is a small restaurant in Philadelphia that sells gluten-free pizzas. Raphael's very tiny kitchen has barely enough room for the three ovens in which his workers bake the pizzas. Raphael signed a lease obligating him to pay the rent for the three ovens for the next year. Because of this, and because Raphael's kitchen cannot fit more than three ovens, Raphael cannot change the number of ovens he uses in his production of pizzas in the short run.
However, Raphael's decision regarding how many workers to use can vary from week to week because his workers tend to be students. Each Monday, Raphael lets them know how many workers he needs for each day of the week. In the short run, these workers are____________ inputs, and the ovens are_____________ inputs.
Answer:
However, Raphael's decision regarding how many workers to use can vary from week to week because his workers tend to be students. Each Monday, Raphael lets them know how many workers he needs for each day of the week. In the short run, these workers are variable inputs, and the ovens are fixed inputs.
Explanation:
In the long run, all inputs are variable because eventually lease contracts expire, or they can move to new facilities. But on the short run, some inputs are fixed due to certain restraints. In this case, the restraints are the size of the kitchen and the lease contract for three ovens.
In the short run, the only input that Raphael can vary is the number of workers that he employs every week.
Chimney Sweeps provided chimney cleaning services to several clients during the month of February. Chimney's customers have not yet been billed. Chimney's customers owe $2,000 to Chimney. How will Chimney Sweeps record this transaction?
Answer:
The Answer is explained below
Explanation:
As chimney has provided clearing services to several clients and have not yet been billed Chimney will debit the accounts receivable with $2,000 and will credit the Services revenue by $2,000.
Entry DEBIT CREDIT
Account Receivable $2,000
Services Revenue $2,000
Harold Manufacturing produces denim clothing. This year, it produced 5,260 denim jackets at a manufacturing cost of $42 each. These jackets were damaged in the warehouse during storage Management investigated the matter and identified three alternatives for these jackets.
1. Jackets can be sold to a second-hand clothing shop for $8.00 each
2. Jackets can be disassembled at a cost of $31,800 and sold to a recycler for $12.00 each.
3. Jackets can be reworked and turned into good jackets. However, with the damage, management estimates it will be able to assemble the good parts of the 5,260 jackets into only 3,050 jackets. The remaining pieces of fabric will be discarded. The cost of reworking the jackets will be $102,200, but the ackets can then be sold for their regular price of $45.00 each.
Required:
Calculate the incremental income.
Answer:
Incremental net income = $42,080
Explanation:
Note the the income would be that which result from the alternative action with the highest net income Note that the manufacturing cost of $12 per unit is not relevant for the purpose of this decision and hence would not form part of the analysis
$
Option one: Outright sale
Sales from disposal = 5,260× 8 42,080
Option 2: disassembling
Revenue $12 × 5,260 = 63120
Cost of disassembling ( 31,800)
Net income 31,320
Option 3: Reworking
Sales revenue ($45.00× 3,050) 137250
Cost of reworking (102,200)
Net income 35,050
The outright option gives the highest net income hence should be considered.
Incremental net income = $42,080
Alternative 2
Explanation:
A bond that pays interest annually yielded 6.01 percent last year. The inflation rate for the same period was 3 percent. Given that information, the actual real rate of return on this bond for last year was _____percent.
Answer:
2.3%
Explanation:
The computation of the actual real rate of return is shown below:-
Actual real rate of return on this bond for last year = ((1 + Nominal rate of interest ) ÷ (1 + Inflation rate of return)) - 1
= ((1 + 0.0601) ÷ (1 + 0.03)) - 1
= 1.0601 ÷ 1.03 - 1
= 1.023 - 1
= 0.023
or
= 2.3%
Therefore for computing the actual rate of return we simply applied the above formula.
Gugenheim, Inc., has a bond outstanding with a coupon rate of 6.5 percent and annual payments. The yield to maturity is 7.7 percent and the bond matures in 21 years. What is the market price if the bond has a par value of $2,000?
Answer:
Price of bond=$1,753.96
Explanation:
The value of the bond is the present value(PV) of the future cash receipts expected from the bond. The value is equal to present values of interest payment plus the redemption value (RV).
Value of Bond = PV of interest + PV of RV
The value of bond for Gugenheim, Inc can be worked out as follows:
Step 1
Calculate the PV of interest payments
Annual interest payment
= 6.5%% × 2000 = 130
PV of interest payment
PV = A× (1- 1+r)^(-n)
A- 130, r- 7.7, n- 21
= 130 × (1-(1.077)^(-21)/0.077) = 1,332.743
Step 2
PV of redemption Value
PV = RV × (1+r)^(-n)
RV - 2000, r- 7.7%, n- 21
PV = 2000 × (1.077)^(-21) = 421.2115063
Step 3
Price of bond
= 1,332.743 + 421.211
=$1753.955
Price of bond=$1,753.96
During June, Vixen Company sells $850,000 in merchandise that has a one year warranty. Experience shows that warranty expenses average about 3% of the selling price. Customers returned $14,000 of merchandise for warranty replacement during the month. The entry to settle the customer warranties is:
Answer: Debit Warranty Expense $25,500; credit Estimated Warranty Liability $25,500.
Explanation:
From the question, we are informed that during June, Vixen Company sells $850,000 in merchandise that has a one year warranty and that experience shows that warranty expenses average about 3% of the selling price and that customers returned $14,000 of merchandise for warranty replacement during the month.
The entry to settle the customer warranties is to debit Warranty Expense $25,500 and then credit Estimated Warranty Liability $25,500.
The warranty expense is calculated as:
= 3% × $850,000
= 0.03 × $850,000
= $25,500
Rizio Co. purchases a machine for $12,500, terms 210, n60, FOB shipping point. Rizio paid within the discount period and took the $250 discount. Transportation costs of $360 were paid by Rizio. The machine required mounting and power connections costing $895. Another $475 is paid to assemble the machine, and $40 of materials are used to get it into operation. During installation, the machine was damaged and $180 worth of repairs were made. Compute the cost recorded for this machine.
Answer:
Cost of machine= $14,200
Explanation:
According to International Accounting standards(IAS) 16 property plan and equipment (PPE), the cost of an asset is the purchase cost plus other costs of bringing it to the intended working conditions.
So we will add the purchase cost to the installation cost , freight charges.
Note that the cost of the power connections, assembling and material used for installations all represent cost associated to bring the machine into ready for use.
Cost of machine = (12,500 - 250) + 360 + 895 + 475 + 40 + 180= 14,200
Cost of machine= $14,200
Mr. and Ms. Kingsley owned acre as joint tenants in fee simple absolute. Ms Kingsley secretly conveyed her interest to herself in an instrument that added, "I hereby terminate the joint tenancy in Black-acre with Mr. Kingsley." Ms. Kingsley thereafter leased a portion of the property to Mr. Matthew, over the objections of Mr. Kingsley for Mr. Matthew to use for holding boxing matches. Their lease provided that Mr. Matthew would pay $1000.00 on the first day of each month during which he was permitted to use the property. Mr. Kingsley demanded from Ms. Kingsley one-half of the rents received from Mr. Matthew.
Required:
Describe the property relations between the parties and Mr. Kingsley's rights and remedies.
Answer:
Mr. and Ms. Kingsley as Joint Tenants
1. Property Relations between Mr. and Ms. Kingsley: The titles show that the Kingsleys are living together but not married partners. However, the Black-acre is jointly owned by these partners. Each has equal rights and obligations over the acre. Ms. Kingsley does not have absolute right to sell or lease any part of the acre without the consent of Mr. Kingsley or without obtaining a court permit to sell or lease, especially upon Mr. Kingsley's objections. She also lacks the legal right to secretly "terminate the joint tenancy in Black-acre" without the knowledge of Mr. Kingsley or without going through the applicable court process.
2. Mr. Kingsley's Rights and Remedies: Having leased a portion of the acre to Mr. Matthew, Mr. Kingsley is entitled to half of the monthly lease payments. He also has the right to demand from Ms. Kingsley one-half of the rents from the lease. He can, in the absence of Ms. Kingsley's refusal, initiate a court process to enforce his joint-tenancy rights.
Explanation:
Joint-tenancy can exist between Mr. Kingsley and Ms. Kingsley, whether they are legally married or not. Joint-tenancy can also exist between two or more parties without the intention of marriage. The term is a legal term that describes an equally shared ownership interest in a property. Joint-tenancy deeds are established in order to avoid the need for a probate in the case of a party's death.
Bonita Industries applies overhead to production at a predetermined rate of 80% based on direct labor cost. Job No. 130, the only job still in process at the end of August, has been charged with manufacturing overhead of $5100. What was the amount of direct materials charged to Job 130 assuming the balance in Work in Process inventory is 45000?
Answer:
Direct Materials $ 33525
Explanation:
Bonita Industries
Job No. 130,
Manufacturing overhead $5100.
Direct Labor = $ 6375
5100 80
x 100
Using cross product direct labor = 5100 *100/80= 6375.
We have
Work in Process inventory $ 45000
Less
Manufacturing overhead $5100.
Direct Labor $ 6375
Direct Materials $ 33525
The Work in Process is debited with Direct Materials, Direct Labor and Manufacturing Overheads.
As we know the Direct Labor and Manufacturing Overheads we can find out the Direct Materials by subtracting the Direct Labor and Manufacturing Overheads from the Work In Process Inventory balance.