Answer:
1. Assuming the company has no alternative use for the facilities that are now being used to produce the carburetors, what would be the financial advantage (disadvantage) of buying 15,000 carburetors from the outside supplier?
financial disadvantage = $525,000 - $435,000 = $90,0002. Should the outside supplier’s offer be accepted?
No, it shouldn't be accepted3. Suppose that if the carburetors were purchased, Troy Engines, Ltd., could use the freed capacity to launch a new product. The segment margin of the new product would be $150,000 per year. Given this new assumption, what would be financial advantage (disadvantage) of buying 15,000 carburetors from the outside supplier?
financial advantage = -$90,000 + $150,000 = $60,0004. Given the new assumption in requirement 3, should the outside supplier’s offer be accepted?
Yes, it should be acceptedExplanation:
outside vendor offer: cost per unit $35 x 15,000 = $525,000
production costs:
direct materials $14 x 15,000 = $210,000
Direct labor $10 x 15,000 = $150,000
Variable manufacturing overhead $3 x 15,000 = $45,000
Fixed manufacturing overhead, traceable $6 x 15,000 = $90,000 ($60,000 are non-avoidable)
Fixed manufacturing overhead, allocated $9 x 15,000 = $135,000 (all are non-avoidable)
Total cost $42 x 15,000 = $630,000
avoidable production costs = $435,000
The requirements are detailed as follows:
1. Make Buy Difference
Direct materials $ 210,000
Direct labor 150,000
Variable manufacturing overhead 45,000
Fixed manufacturing overhead, traceable 60,000
Total cost $465,000 $525,000 $60,000
Thus, the financial disadvantage of buying 15,000 carburetors from the outside supplier is $60,000.
2. The outside supplier's offer should not be accepted as it costs more.
3. Based on the new assumption of obtaining segment margin of $150,000 from alternative use of capacity, the financial advantage of buying 15,000 carburetors from the outside supplier is $90,000.
4. Based on the new assumption, the outside supplier's offer should be accepted.
Data and Calculations:
Outside supplier's price per unit = $35
Per Unit 15,000 Units Per Year
Direct materials $ 14 $ 210,000
Direct labor 10 150,000
Variable manufacturing overhead 3 45,000
Fixed manufacturing overhead, traceable 6 90,000
Fixed manufacturing overhead, allocated 9 135,000
Total cost $ 42 $ 630,000
Supervisory salaries = $30,000 ($90,000 x 1/3)
Depreciation of special equipment = $60,000 ($90,000 x 2/3)
Outside supplier's cost = $525,000 ($35 x 15,000)
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OPR finds its cases through all of the following except which one? A. The investigation division of OPR.
Answer:
The investigation division of OPR.
Explanation:
OPR stands for Office of Professional Responsibility. It is a section of department of justice whose task is to monitor any misconduct in the government departments. It is responsibility of OPR to find any allegations that result in misconduct in department of attorney. The OPR finds its cases through all except the own division. There will be chance of familiarity and self review threats in such monitoring.
Recently, the Boeing Commercial Airline Group (BCAG) recorded orders for more than 15,000 jetliners and delivered more than 13,000 airplanes. To maintain is output volume, this Boeing division combines efforts of capital and more than 90,000 workers. Suppose the European company, Airbus, enjoys a similar production technology and produces a similar number of air craft, but that labor costs (including fringe benefits) are higher in Europe than in the United states. Would you expect workers at Airbus to have the same marginal product as workers at Boeing? Explain carefully.
Answer: Airbus Employees have a Higher Marginal Product than Boeing
Explanation:
Marginal Product of Labor refers to the extra unit produced by adding an extra unit of labor. For firms to maximise their profits, they produce at a mix of labor and Capital where [tex]\frac{MPK}{r} = \frac{MPL}{w}[/tex] with MPK being Marginal Product of capital and r being cost of capital and w being cost of labor.
Assuming both Boeing and Airbus are producing at the maximising expression. It is said that Airbus has the same [tex]\frac{MPK}{r}[/tex] as Boeing. They however has a higher w than Boeing which means that for it to equal the Capital side of the expression, the w must be dividing a higher Marginal Product of labor which shows that Airbus has a higher Marginal Product of labor.
For example,
Boeing MPK = 12
Boeing r = 4
Boeing MPL = 9
Boeing w = 3
Maximising level = 3
Airbus MPK = 12
Airbus r = 4
Airbus w = 6
Airbus MPL = ??
With a labor cost of 6, Airbus MPL will have to be 18 to be able to get to the equilibrium maximising level of 3.
Wikipedia's engagement of readers and the public in developing content, with an emphasis on timeliness and the breadth of content, exemplifies this type of value innovation:
Answer: Raise
Explanation:
The options for the question are:
a. Raise
b. Create
c. Reduce
d. Eliminate
Wikipedia is used by people that are involved in academics or anyone that is seeking information as it gives information regarding different topics and issues.
Wikipedia's engagement of readers and the public in developing content, with an emphasis on timeliness and the breadth of content, exemplifies this type of value innovation raise.
Wikipedia is utilized by academicians and anybody looking for knowledge since it provides information from a wide range of topics and situations.
This form of value innovation raising is shown by Wikipedia's participation of users and the public in producing content, with a concentration on immediacy and breadth of material.
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Machine Replacement Decision A company is considering replacing an old piece of machinery, which cost $600,700 and has $350,700 of accumulated depreciation to date, with a new machine that has a purchase price of $484,500. The old machine could be sold for $62,600. The annual variable production costs associated with the old machine are estimated to be $155,100 per year for eight years. The annual variable production costs for the new machine are estimated to be $102,300 per year for eight years. a.1 Prepare a differential analysis dated May 29 to determine whether to continue with (Alternative 1) or replace (Alternative 2) the old machine. If an amount is zero, enter "0". If required, use a minus sign to indicate a loss. Differential Analysis Continue with Old Machine (Alt. 1) or Replace Old Machine (Alt. 2) May 29 Continue with Old Machine (Alternative 1) Replace Old Machine (Alternative 2) Differential Effects (Alternative 2) Revenues: Proceeds from sale of old machine $ $ $ Costs: Purchase price Variable productions costs (8 years) Profit (Loss) $ $ $ a.2 Determine whether to continue with (Alternative 1) or replace (Alternative 2) the old machine. b. What is the sunk cost in this situation
Answer:
1.Incremental loss $300
2.Alternative II Replacing the Old Machine is beneficial because we have Incremental Profit of $300
2b.$250,000
Explanation:
1. Preparation of the differential analysis dated May 29
Differential Analysis
Continue with old machine (Alternative I ) or Replace old machine (Alternative II )
Continue with Replace the Differential effect
Old Machine Old Machine
Alternative 1 Alternative 2 Alternative 2
Revenue:
Revenue from Sale of Old Machine
$0 $62,600 $62,600
Cost:
Purchase Cost
$0 $484,500 $484,500
Variable Production (8 Years)
$1,240,000 $818,400 -$422,400
Profit / (Loss) ($1,240,000) ($1,240,300) -$300
Incremental loss = $300
2. Calculation to Determine whether to continue with (Alternative 1) or replace (Alternative 2) the old machine.
Alternative II Replacing the Old Machine is not beneficial because we have Incremental loss of $300
2b. Calculation for the sunk cost in this situation
The Sunk Cost will be the Book Value of Old Machine = $600,700-$350,700
= $250,000
Variable production workings
($155,100×8=1,240,800)
($102,300×8= 818,400)
Suppose a bank has $500 million in deposits and $35 million in required reserves, and it is holding no excess reserves. What is the required reserve ratio
Answer:
The required reserve ratio is $17500 million.
Explanation:
The given deposit with the banks = $500 million
Required reserves = $35 million
We already have the deposits with the bank and the required reserves. Now we have to calculate the required reserve ratio and it can be calculated by multiplying the bank deposit with required reserves.
Required reserve ratio = Bank deposits × Required reserve
= 500 × 35
= $17500 million
If a firm raises capital by selling new bonds, it could be called the "issuing firm," and the coupon rate is generally set equal to the required rate on bonds of equal risk.
1. True
2. False
Answer: True
Explanation:
An issuing firm is an organization which registers, and then sells security like bonds and stocks on the primary market.
It should be noted that when a firm raises capital through the sale of new bonds, they can be also referred to a the issuing firm, and the coupon rate is usually set to be equal to the required rate on bonds of equal risk.
The tri-star company currently use an old lathe that was purchase 2 years ago at $6000. This machine is being depreciatin on a MACRS five year (20%, 32%, 19%, 12%, 11%, 6%). The current market value for this machine is $3,000. The proposed new improved lathe cost $10,000 and additional installation fee of $1,000. The new lathe would require that inventories be increased by $800 and account receivable increase $600, but accounts payable would simultaneously increase by $700. Tri-Star's marginal federal-plus-state tax rate is 30%. What is the initial investment of company when evaluating the replacement of old lathe by the new one?
Answer:
$8,736
Explanation:
initial investment = capital expenditures (machine's purchase cost + installation costs) + any increase in working capital - disposal of old machine
capital expenditures = $10,000 + $1,000 = $11,000
after tax salvage value = market value + taxes on disposal
the current book value of the old machine = $6,000 - $1,200 - $1,920 = $2,880
taxes on salvage value = (book value - market value) x tax rate = ($2,880 - $3,000) x 30% = -$36
after tax salvage value = $3,000 - $36 = $2,964
net working capital = current liabilities - current assets
change in working capital = $800 + $600 - $700 = $700
initial investment = $11,000 + $700 - $2,964 = $8,736
Rainbow Paints Inc. is a leading paints company in Pakistan. In June 2019, the higher management of the company deliberated and decided upon the production targets for the year 2020. The procurement department was directed to order the supplies of required chemicals and raw materials from Chinese company i.e. XingPe Chemicals for the target production. The supplies were expected to arrive in January-February 2020 but unexpected situation halted the normal operations in China due to the spread of a novel virus. The situation created panic at Rainbow Paints Inc. as lack of supplies meant falling short of the targets and plunging in losses. The supplier was contacted but they were of the view that they cannot send the supplies as per the contract due to the lockdown. Now, conflict aroused between the parties as Rainbow Paints Inc. wanted the raw materials which the XingPi Chemicals cannot process due to restrictions from their respective government. It resulted in losses for Rainbow Paints Inc. Rainbow Paints Inc. decided to consult an International arbitrator for the resolution of the dispute. During negotiations, the Rainbow Paints Inc. maintained that they faced losses due to lack of supplies which did not reach them at the promised time. So, the supplier must not only compensate for it but also return their payments. While XingPe Chemicals insisted that they couldn’t move ahead due to unexpected and unavoidable pandemic situation, so the losses must be shared. They also reiterated the resolve to provide supplies in the future without any delays if the situation permits. They insisted on keeping the contract intact while finding a middle ground for the current dispute. Requirement: After analyzing the case, Identify the approaches to negotiation maintained by both the parties in conflict i.e. Rainbow Paints Inc. and XingPi Chemicals and explain them as per the scenario.
Answer:
Rainbow Paints Inc., Pakistan Vs XingPe Chemicals, China
1. Win-Lose Approach: Rainbow Paints Inc. was under an immense pressure to deliver on "production targets for the 2020." However, it approached the negotiation aggressively and assertively, blaming the Chinese company for its failure to deliver the required chemicals for its production. It did not care about the Coronavirus pandemic that is ravaging the world. It should not be confrontational in its approach. Business relationships are not maintained in such atmospheres. It must think long-term and not short-term. It should have tried to reduce its losses by minimizing its costs, using all possible means. Rainbow Paints, in its blindness, is even seeking for not only a compensation but the return of their payments, to ensure that the Chinese company bears the losses wholly. Such a negotiating strategy lacks common sense, fairness, and friendly business relationships.
2. Win-Win Approach: XingPe Chemicals approached the negotiation, seeking understanding. It cannot be blamed for the pandemic, unless it should have supplied before the outbreak. Its approach contrasts with the confrontational, aggressive, and assertive method being followed by the Pakistani company. Its approach is integrative and accommodating. It is even willing to share the losses of Rainbow Paints while Rainbow Paints was trying to push all of the losses to it.
Explanation:
There are many approaches to negotiation. Some prefer the Win-Lose, Lose-Lose, Compromise, or Win-Win approaches. The best for long-standing business relationships is the Win-Win approach, because it integrates and accommodates the interests of both parties. However, different situations call for the approach or combination of approaches to adopt.
In May direct labor was 35% of conversion cost. If the manufacturing overhead for the month was $116,350 and the direct materials cost was $20,200, the direct labor cost was:
Answer:
Direct labor= $62,650
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
In May direct labor was 35% of conversion cost.
The manufacturing overhead for the month was $116,350.
The conversion costs are the sum of the direct labor and the manufacturing overhead:
Overhead= 65%= 116,350
Direct labor= 35%= ?
First, we need to determine the total amount of conversion costs:
Conversion costs= 116,350/0.65= 179,000
Now, the direct labor cost:
Direct labor= 179,000*0.35
Direct labor= $62,650
A 4% loan of $20,000 is to be repaid by level annual installments. The principal in the 4th installment is $450. Find the amount of each installment.
Answer:
Explanation:
Please note that this question we have to do by hit and trail method. Every annual payment has 2 components,
Interest and Principal repayment
Interest is higher at the beginning and principal repayment is lower. We have not been given the time for the loan.
So i will tell you how to calculate the Total annual installment by hand
and then we will make table of payments to see if we are getting 450 principal repayment in month 4
We will do 3-4 iterations to get the answer
Loan Amount = 20,000
Rate = 4%
Principal repayment in year 4 = 450
Let say time = n years
Annual installment = Loan amount * ( rate * ( 1+rate ) ^n ) / ( ( 1 + rate ) ^n -1 )
assume n = 25 years
Annual installment = 20,000 * ( 0.04* ( 1.04 ) ^ 25 ) / ( ( 1.04 ) ^25 -1 ) = 1280.24
You decide to borrow $100,000 at the riskless interest rate, and you then invest all $300,000 ($200,000 of your own cash and the $100,000 borrowed cash) in the market index fund. Calculate the expected return and standard deviation of this investment portfolio
You have $200,000 of cash. The riskless interest rate is 3%. The market index fund has an expected return of 10% and a standard deviation of 20%
You decide to borrow $100,000 at the riskless interest rate, and you then invest all $300,000 ($200,000 of your own cash and the $100,000 borrowed cash) in the market index fund. Calculate the expected return and standard deviation of this investment portfolio
Answer:
The expected return of this portfolio = 13.50%
standard deviation of this portfolio = 30.00%
Explanation:
From the information given:
The percentage of riskless = -100000/200000
The percentage of riskless = -0.50%
Now; the investment in market index = 1.50%
The expected return of this portfolio = 1.50 × 10% + ( - 0.5 ×3 %)
The expected return of this portfolio = 1.50 × 0.1 - 0.5 × 0.03
The expected return of this portfolio = 0.15 - 0.015
The expected return of this portfolio = 0.135
The expected return of this portfolio = 13.50%
standard deviation of this portfolio = the investment in market index × market index standard deviation
standard deviation of this portfolio = 1.50 × 20%
standard deviation of this portfolio = 30.00%
If the government guarantees sugar farmers a price of $1 per pound when the market equilibrium price is actually $0.50 per pound, which of the following will occur?
a) A shortage of sugar will occur, increasing inefficiency.
b) A shortage of sugar will occur, decreasing inefficiency.
c) A surplus of sugar will occur, increasing inefficiency.
d) A surplus of sugar will occur,decreasing inefficiency.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
A price floor is when the government or an agency of the government sets the minimum price of a product. A price floor is binding if it is set above equilibrium price.
the price per pound of sugar is above equilibrium price, as a result the supply of sugar would increase while the demand for sugar would decrease. this would lead to a surplus. because at $1, supply would exceed demand, there would be an increase in inefficiency
Answer:
A surplus of sugar will occur, increasing inefficiency.
Explanation:
When the price of sugar is set above the market equilibrium price, the quantity supplied will be greater than the quantity demanded by consumers. Therefore, a surplus of sugar occurs that increases the level of inefficiency.
An estimated demand curve does not necessarily match actual data perfectly because A. it is not possible to accurately calculate the coefficients of the curve. B. demand is unpredictable. C. some factors that are not measured or observed may affect the curve. D. the random error term has too large of a range.
Answer:
C. some factors that are not measured or observed may affect the curve.
Explanation:
a lot of unforeseen circumstances might occur. these occurrences would not be measured in the estimated demand curve. this would lead to the estimated demand curve not matching the actual demand curve.
for example, the factors affecting the demand for bread are ; price, income, price of a substitutes. these are included in estimating the demand curve for bread. Assume that a study comes out stating that bread is harmful to the health.this reduces the demand for bread. this study wasn't anticipated and included in estimating the demand curve. as a result, the actual data would differ from the estimated data
Lena plans to invest 7,200 dollars in 6 year(s) and 7,500 dollars in 5 year(s). She expects to earn 15.6 percent, compounded quarterly. How much money does Lena expect to have in 11 years
Answer:
The expected amount is $34154.83
Explanation:
Lena invested the amount = $7200
$7200 invested for time period = 6 years
Second amount invested = $7500
$7500 invested for the time period = 5 years.
The expected interest rate = 15.6 %
Total amount = A=P(1+r/400)^4n
A=future value
P=present value
r=rate of interest
n=time period.
Hence
A=7200(1+15.6/400)^(4*6) + 7500(1+15.6/400)^(4*5)
= 18034.5636 + 16120.2664
= $34154.83
3. What techniques would you use as alternatives to traditional discipline? What do such alternatives have to do with organizational justice? Why do you think alternatives like these are important, given industry’s need today for highly committed employees?
Answer & Explanation: Traditional discipline refers to correctional strategies. Often times, this form of discipline is punitive in nature hence the use of alternatives.
Some alternatives to traditional discipline include the use of MEDIATION, FACILITATION, COUNSELLING.
The use of alternatives to traditional discipline is important to organizational justice when it is complied with across board all employees so that they have a perception of fairness. Also such alternatives are seen to be ethically right, leads to employees being committed, reduces employee turnover and prevents avoidable litigation.
In the business world, a _________________ is recognized as a legally acceptable way for any business to keep knowledge of its particular methods of production from being known by competing firms.
Answer:
Trade secret
Explanation:
A trade secret refers to things like a process, formula or design that a company owns that have an economic value and provide a competitive advantage and that are known only by certain people inside the organization. According to this, the answer is that in the business world, a trade secret is recognized as a legally acceptable way for any business to keep knowledge of its particular methods of production from being known by competing firms because trade secrets refer to intellectual property that allows the organization to have a competitive advantage and they are maintained as a secret to avoid competing firms to copy its methods.
The relationship between financial leverage and profitability Pelican Paper, Inc., and Timberland Forest, Inc., are rivals in the manufacture of craft papers. Some financial statement values for each company follow. Use them in a ratio analysis that compares the firms' financial leverage and profitability.
Items Pelican Paper, INC Timberland Forest, INC
Total assets $10,000,000 $10,000,000
Total equity 9,000,000 5,000,000
Total Debt 1,000,000 5,000,000
Annual Interest 100,000 500,000
Total Sales 25,000,000 25,000,000
EBIT 6,250,000 6,250,000
Earnings available for
common stockholders
3,690,000 3,450,000
A) Calculate the following debt and coverage ratios for the two companies. Discuss their financial risk and ability to cover the costs in relation to each other.
1. debt ratio
2. times interest earned ratio
B) Calculate the following profitability ratios for the two companies. Disuss their profitability relative to one another.
1. Operating profit margin
2. Net profit margin
3. Return on total assets
4. Return on common equity
C) In what way has the larger debt of Timberland Forest made it more profitable than Pelican Paper? What are the risks that Timberland's inestors undertake when they choose to purchase its stock instead of Pelicans?
Answer:
Pelican Paper, Inc., and Timberland Forest, Inc.
Financial leverage and profitability Ratio Analysis
A. Computation of debt and coverage ratios:
1. debt ratio = Total debt to Total assets x 100
Pelican = $1,000,000/$10,000,000 x 100
= 10%
Timberland =v$5,000,000/$10,000,000 x 100
= 50%
2. times interest earned ratio = EBIT/Interests
Pelican = $6,250,000/$100,000
= 62.5 times
Timberland = $6,250,000/$500,000
= 12.5 times
A discussion of their financial risk and ability to cover the costs:
Pelican Paper's financial leverage is 10% compared to Timberland's 50%, showing that debt creditors finance and lay claim to half of the company's assets. This is very high and not attractive to potential investors and creditors. Timberland has already hampered its ability to borrow more as it is highly leveraged. Whereas Pelican Paper can meet its debt obligations and pay its interest expenses 62.5 times from current earnings, these pale in comparison with Timberland's 12.5 times, further jeopardizing its opportunities for more debt financing.
B. Calculation of the profitability ratios:
1. Operating profit margin = EBIT/Sales x 100
Pelican Paper = $6,250,000/$25,000,000 x 100 = 25%
Timberland = $6,250,000/$25,000,000 x 100 = 25%
2. Net profit margin = (EBIT less Interest)/Sales x 100
Pelican Paper = ($6,250,000 - $100,000)/$25,000,000 x 100
= $6,150,000/$25,000,000 x 100 = 24.6%
Timberland = ($6,250,000 - $500,000)/$25,000,000 x 100
= $5,750,000/$25,000,000 x 100 = 23%
3. Return on total assets = EBIT/Total Assets x 100
Pelican Paper = $6,250,000/$10,000,000 x 100
= 62.5%
Timberland = $6,250,000/$10,000,000 x 100
= 62.5%
4. Return on common equity = Earnings available to Common Stockholders/Equity x 100
Pelican = $3,690,000/$9,000,000 x 100
= 41%
Timberland = $3,450,000/$5,000,000 x 100
= 69%
A discussion of their profitability relative to one another:
The two companies make the same level of operating profit margin at 25%, but Pelican's net profit margin of 24.6% is better than Timberland's 23%. They show that Pelican's management has better ability to control expenses than Timberland's.
The returns on assets are similar for both companies, but Timberland performed better than Pelican Paper in terms of the return on equity. This shows that Timberland with ROE of 69% is making larger returns for its common stockholders than Pelican because it is leveraging debts, whose interests are tax-deductible, and also using less equity in generating the returns.
C. The larger debt of Timberland has made it more profitable than Pelican Paper because the debt interests are deductible from EBIT before tax expense is computed and it reduces the tax burden for the company, thus making it to pay less tax and saving more profits for distribution to its stockholders.
However, this higher return to the investors in Timberland also comes with higher risks, as the investors are exposed to debt risks, higher pressure to satisfy debt creditors, heightened interference and oversight from creditors since they own half of the assets of the company, and an increased threat of business takeover in case of debt default.
Explanation:
a) Data:
Items Pelican Paper, INC Timberland Forest, INC
Total assets $10,000,000 $10,000,000
Total equity 9,000,000 5,000,000
Total Debt 1,000,000 5,000,000
Annual Interest 100,000 500,000
Total Sales 25,000,000 25,000,000
EBIT 6,250,000 6,250,000
Earnings available for common
stockholders 3,690,000 3,450,000
b) Ratio computation and analysis help companies to compare their performances and positions with competitors. They can spot risks facing a company and even point out ways to address such business risks.
Fortune Enterprises is an all-equity firm that is considering issuing $13.5 million of perpetual debt. The interest rate is 10%. The firm will use the proceeds of the bond sale to repurchase equity. Fortune distributes all earnings available to stockholders immediately as dividends. The firm will generate $3 million of earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) every year into perpetuity. Fortune is subject to a corporate tax rate of 40%. Suppose the personal tax rate on interest income is 55%, and the personal tax rate on equity income is 20%.
What is the annual after-tax cash flow to debt holders under each plan in Q7?
A. Debt holders get $0 mil. under the unlevered plan vs. 1.2 mil. under the levered plan
B. Debt holders get $1.2 mil. under the unlevered plan vs. 0.66 mil. under the levered plan
C. Debt holders get $0 mil. under the unlevered plan vs. 0.66 mil. under the levered plan
D. Debt holders get $0 mil. under the unlevered plan vs. 0.6075 mil. under the levered plan
Answer:
D. Debt holders get $0 mil. under the unlevered plan vs. 0.6075 mil. under the levered plan
Explanation:
interests paid to debt holders = $13,500,000 x 10% = $1,350,000
generally, interest revenue is taxed as ordinary revenue = corporate income tax rate (if debt holder is a business) or personal income tax (if debt holder is an individual).
under the first plan, debt holders get nothing because there is no outstanding debt since the company is an all equity firm.
under the second plan, if the personal tax rate on interest income is 55%, which is really high, the debt holders will earn $1,350,000 x (1 - 55%) = $607,500
Trade-offs must be made among space, labor, and ____ with respect to warehousing design. Group of answer choices Construction materials Speed Mechanization Cost
Answer:
Mechanization
Explanation:
When a ware house is being setup, the aim is to get an efficient one that can service demand in a timely manner.
In order to minimise cost and maximise efficiency there is need to space, labour, and mechanisation that will be used on the production process.
Various analysis like capacity analysis and equipment analysis are carried out to ensure fast and cheap operation of the warehouse.
Inefficient warehouse designs leads to delay in service delivery and extra cost to the business.
Because you can adapt to your audience while you are speaking, don't worry about analyzing the audience for an oral presentation.
A. True
B. False
Answer:
B. False.
Explanation:
This statement is false, due to the fact that a good oral presentation must be prepared before the presentation in accordance with all the procedures to be covered in the presentation. Therefore, the ideal is to know your audience before the presentation, so that there is a preparation aligned with their values and behaviors, in order to retain the attention and interaction of the participants, which makes the presentation more interesting and effective.
Scripting the presentation also avoids possible unforeseen events, in addition to being ideal to also be open to interactions, to provide important and impactful information, to prepare supporting material such as slides, and to always practice before the presentation, to be prepared and interacted on the subject addressed.
Soft selling occurs when a buyer is skeptical of the usefulness of a product and the seller offers to set a price that depends on realized value. For example, suppose a sales representative is trying to sell a company a new accounting system that will, with certainty, reduce costs by 10%. However, the customer has heard this claim before and believes there is only a 20% chance of actually realizing that cost reduction and a 80% chance of realizing no cost reduction. Assume the customer has an initial total cost of $600. According to the customer's beliefs, the expected value of the accounting system, or the expected reduction in cost, is $ . Suppose the sales representative initially offers the accounting system to the customer for a price of $36.00. The information asymmetry stems from the fact that the has less information about the efficacy of the accounting system than does the . At this price, the customer purchase the accounting system, since the expected value of the accounting system is than the price. Instead of naming a price, suppose the sales representative offers to give the customer the product in exchange for 50% of the cost savings. If there is no reduction in cost for the customer, then the customer does not have to pay. True or False: This pricing scheme alleviates some of the information asymmetry that is present in this scenario. True False
Answer:
False
Explanation:
Adverse Selection is a situation where seller have better information than the buyer. The information can relate to anything about the product. The information can be related to product features, quality, price, availability, warranty and so on. Adverse situation occurs when asymmetric information is exploited. Here in this scenario the customer is also aware of the value of the product. There is no asymmetry information.
adjustments that increase or decrease earnings should be investigated with more skepticism.
Answer:
True of financial account auditors.
Explanation:
A financial account auditor often act as skeptics (having suspicion and lack of trust) when reviewing financial transactions.
Thus financial accounts adjustments that increase or decrease earnings are usually investigated with more skepticism by auditors. Such increased skepticism is important because it enables the auditor undo errors and better position the business for success.
Peyton sells an office building and the associated land on May 1 of the current year. Under the terms of the sales contract, Peyton is to receive $1,763,800 in cash. The purchaser is to assume Peyton's mortgage of $1,058,280 on the property. To enable the purchaser to obtain adequate financing, Peyton is to pay the $105,828 in points charged by the lender. The broker's commission on the sale is $70,552. What is Peyton's amount realized? The amount realized by Peyton is $ .
Answer:
$2,645,700
Explanation:
realized amount = cash received + assumed mortgage - points paid by seller - broker's commission = $1,763,800 + $1,058,280 - $105,828 - $70,552 = $2,645,700
The amount realized includes all the money received and any debts assumed by the buyer, minus any expenses paid by the seller that are related to the transaction.
Under the equity method of accounting for investments, an investor recognizes its share of the earnings in the period in which the:_________.
a. investor sells the investment
b. investee declares a dividend
c. investee pays a dividend
d. earnings are reported by the investee in its financial statements
Answer: Earnings are reported by the investee in its financial statements
Explanation:
Equity method is when investments are being treated in associate companies and it is usually applied in cases whereby an investor entity holds about twenty to fifty percent of the associate company's voting stock. Due to this reason, it has a strong say in the associate company's management.
Under the equity method of accounting for investments, an investor recognizes its share of the earning in the period in which the earnings are reported by the investee in its financial statements.
Suppose an American buys stock issued by an Argentinian corporation. The Argentinian firm uses the proceeds from the sale to build a new office complex. This is an example of foreign ___________ in Argentina.
1. Which of the following policies are consistent with the goal of increasing productivity and growth in developing countries?
a. Protecting property rights and enforce contracts
b. Providing tax breaks and patents for firms that pursue research and development in health and sciences.
c. Increasing taxes on income from savings
d. Imposing restrictions on foreign ownership of domestic capital.
2. In less developed countries, what does the brain drain refer to?
a. The emigration of highly skilled workers to rich countries
b. Lower productivity due to a malnourished workforce
c. Rapid population growth that increases the burden on the educational system
d. Rapid population growth that lowers the stock of capital per worker
Answer:
Suppose an American buys stock issued by an Argentinian corporation. The Argentinian firm uses the proceeds from the sale to build a new office complex. This is an example of foreign PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT in Argentina.
1. Which of the following policies are consistent with the goal of increasing productivity and growth in developing countries?
a. Protecting property rights and enforce contracts b. Providing tax breaks and patents for firms that pursue research and development in health and sciences.Both A and B are essential for increasing economic growth. E.g. if Coke was not able to keep its formula secret in certain country, it will not engage in business there. Investment in R&D is essential for future economic growth.
2. In less developed countries, what does the brain drain refer to?
a. The emigration of highly skilled workers to rich countriesBrain drain refers to the immigration of highly skilled workers from poor countries into rich countries. E.g. a doctor moves from mexico to the US because he/she can earn a much higher salary. But at the same time, all the money and time spent educating the doctor is lost by Mexico and its economy.
You have just turned 40 years old and are trying to decide who much money to put into your retirement plan. The plan works as follows: Every dollar in the plan earns 7% per year. You cannot make withdrawals until you retire on your sixty-fifth birthday. After that point, you can make withdrawals as you see fit. You decide that you will plan to live to 95 and work until your turn 65. You estimate that to live comfortably in retirement, you will need $250,000 per year starting at the end of the first year of retirement and ending on your 95th birthday. You already have $200,000 in the retirement plan. You will contribute the same amount to the plan at the end of every year that you work, starting next year. How much do you need to contribute each year to fund your retirement
Answer:
$31,886.09
Explanation:
years until retirement = 65 - 40 = 25 years
interest earned 7%
retirement age 65
expected life span after retiring = 95 - 65 = 30 years
financial needs during retirement $250,000 per year
current account balance $200,000
we must first determine how much money you will need when you are 65:
present value = $250,000 x 12.409 (PV annuity, 30 years, 7%) = $3,102,250
your $200,000 will be worth $200,000 x (1 + 7%)²⁵ = $1,085,486.53 in 25 years
so you need $3,102,250 - $1,085,486.53 = $2,016,763.47 extra
using the FV formula for an annuity:
$2,016,763.47 = payment x 63.249 (FV annuity, 25 years, 7%)
payment = $2,016,763.47 / 63.249 = $31,886.09
Nissan’s all-electric car, the Leaf, has a base price of $32,780 in the United States, but it is eligible for a $7500 federal tax credit. A consulting engineering company wants to evaluate the purchase or lease of one of the vehicles for use by its employees traveling to job sites in the local area. The cost for leasing the vehicle will be $4200 per year (payable at the end of each year) after an initialization charge of $2500 paid now. If the company purchases the vehicle, it will also purchase a home charging station for $2200 that will be partially offset by a 50% tax credit. If the company expects to be able to sell the car and charging station for 40% of the base price of the car alone at the end of 3 years, should the company purchase or lease the car? Use an interest rate of 10% per year and annual worth analysis.
Answer:
Nissan's all-electric car, the Leaf
PV cost of Leaf Purchase = $16,529
PV cost of Leasing = $12,944.78
The company should lease the car.
Explanation:
a) Costs incurred to purchase the Leaf:
Base price $32,780
less Federal tax credit ($7,500)
Charging station 2,200
less 50% tax credit (1,100)
Cash paid $26,380
Sales value after 3 yrs (9,851) ( $26,380 - 40% of base discounted to PV)
Net PV Investment $16,529
b) Calculation of Discounted Present Values of Payments under Leasing, using online financial calculator:
PV (Present Value) $12,944.78
N (Number of Periods) 3.000
I/Y (Interest Rate) 10.000%
PMT (Periodic Payment) $4,200.00
Starting Investment $2,500.00
Total Principal $15,100.00
Total Interest $2,129.50
c) The purchase of the Leaf would involve a present value cost of $26,380 after deducting all the savings from tax. The 40% sales value of the car at the end of 3 years = $13,112 ($32,780 x 40%). When this sales value is discounted to PV of $9,851, the PV of the car investments becomes $16,529 ($26,380 - $9,851). On the other hand, leasing will cost in PV the sum of $12,944.78
.
BPO Services is in the business of digitizing information from forms that are filled out by hand. In 2006, a big client gave BPO a distribution of the forms that it digitized in house last year, and BPO estimated how much it would cost to digitize each form. Form Type Mix of Forms Form Cost A 0.5 $3.75 B 0.5 $1.25 The expected cost of digitizing a form is $ . Suppose the client and BPO agree to a deal, whereby the client pays BPO to digitize forms. The price of each form processed is equal to the expected cost of the form that you calculated in the previous part of the problem. Suppose that after the agreement, the client sends only forms of type A. The expected digitization cost per form of the forms sent by the client is $ . This leads to an expected loss of $ per form for BPO. (Hint: Do not round your answers. Enter the loss as a positive number.)
Answer:
BPO Servicesa. The expected cost of digitizing a form is $2.50
b. The expected digitization cost per form of the forms sent by the client is $3.75, without a mix of forms.
c. This leads to an expected loss of $1.25 per form for BPO.
Explanation:
1. Data:
Form Type Mix of Forms Form Cost
A 0.5 $3.75
B 0.5 $1.25
b. Calculation of Expected Cost of digitizing a form:
Form Type Mix of Forms Form Cost Expected Cost
A 0.5 $3.75 $1.875 (0.5 * $3.75)
B 0.5 $1.25 $0.625 (0.5 * $1.25)
Total expected costs $2.50
c. Calculation of Expected cost of Form actually sent by Client without a mix of forms:
A 01 $3.75 $3.75 (1 * $3.75)
Total expected costs $3.75
d. Calculation of Expected Loss:
Expected Price = $2.50
Expected cost = $3.75
Expected loss = $1.25
e. The expected value (cost, price, or gain or loss) from the form digitization is the sum of all possible values from the mix of forms, each multiplied by the probability of its occurrence.
Sheffield Company has $145,000 of inventory at the beginning of the year and $131,000 at the end of the year. Sales revenue is $1,972,800, cost of goods sold is $1,145,400, and net income is $248,400 for the year. The inventory turnover ratio is:
Answer:
Sheffield Company
Inventory Turnover Ratio = Cost of goods sold/Average Inventory
= $1,145,400/$138,000
= 8.3 times
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Beginning inventory = $145,000
Ending inventory = $131,000
Average inventory = (Beginning inventory + Ending inventory)/2
= ($145,000 + 131,000)/2
= $138,000
Sales revenue = $1,972,800
Cost of goods sold = $1,145,400
Net income = $248,400
b) The inventory turnover ratio for Sheffield Company is an efficiency ratio that shows how inventory is managed and the number of times Sheffield sells or consumes the inventory during an accounting period. This is why Sheffield Company takes the average of the inventories in order to smoothen seasonal fluctuations in the inventory level during the year. When this ratio divides the number of days in the accounting period, Sheffield will get the days it takes for inventory to be purchased or produced, and then sold or consumed.
Transactions are typically processed either [A] all together for a defined time window (e.g. end of a day or week) or [B] processed as each transaction occurs. The second method [B] is called ________ processing.
Answer: real time processing
Explanation:
Real time processing is when transactions are processed as each transaction occurs. In real time processing, the transactions are processed in a little period of time.
Good examples of real-time processing systems are traffic control systems. Real time processing is different from the batch processing which involves when transactions are processed all together for a defined time window.