The given statements correspond to different stages of cellular respiration, which is the process by which cells generate energy from glucose and other organic molecules. The stages of cellular respiration are glycolysis, the citric acid cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle), and oxidative phosphorylation (including the electron transport chain). Let's analyze each statement and identify the corresponding stage:
1. Produces 32 ATP molecules: This statement refers to the stage of oxidative phosphorylation, specifically the electron transport chain. During this stage, electron carriers produced in earlier stages (glycolysis and the citric acid cycle) donate electrons to the electron transport chain, leading to the production of ATP through chemiosmosis. In total, oxidative phosphorylation generates a maximum of 32 ATP molecules.
2. Creates four ATP molecules, but then gains overall only two: This statement refers to the stage of glycolysis. Glycolysis is the initial step of cellular respiration and occurs in the cytoplasm. It involves the breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate and the production of ATP. In glycolysis, a net gain of two ATP molecules is produced. However, since two ATP molecules are used in the initial steps of glycolysis, the overall gain is only two ATP molecules.
3. Gives off carbon dioxide: This statement corresponds to the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle). The citric acid cycle takes place in the mitochondrial matrix and completes the oxidation of glucose. During this cycle, acetyl CoA derived from pyruvate is further oxidized, leading to the release of carbon dioxide as a waste product.
4. Gives off water: This statement corresponds to the stage of oxidative phosphorylation. In oxidative phosphorylation, the final electron acceptor is oxygen. As electrons pass through the electron transport chain, they combine with oxygen and hydrogen ions to form water.
5. Produces two ATP molecules: This statement refers to the stage of substrate-level phosphorylation in the citric acid cycle. During the citric acid cycle, one ATP molecule is produced directly through substrate-level phosphorylation in one of the reactions. Thus, in each cycle, two ATP molecules are generated (although later stages of cellular respiration generate more ATP through oxidative phosphorylation).
In summary, the stages of cellular respiration corresponding to each statement are as follows:
1. Produces 32 ATP molecules: Oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport chain)
2. Creates four ATP molecules, but then gains overall only two: Glycolysis
3. Gives off carbon dioxide: Citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle)
4. Gives off water: Oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport chain)
5. Produces two ATP molecules: Citric acid cycle (substrate-level phosphorylation)
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In the F2 generation of Mendel’s crosses
In the f2 generation of mendel's crosses, all plants had the dominant trait,all plants had both the dominant and recessive alleles. one in four plants had two alleles for the recessive trait.
Answer:
one in four plants had two alleles for the recessive trait.
Explanation:
Which of these conclusions is most likely correct about the two pairs of atoms?
Answer:
D. Carbon and oxygen form covalent bonds but sodium and chlorine form ionic bonds
Explanation:
Chemical bonds form between the atoms of elements. The types of chemical bondings that form are: covalent bond, ionic bond and more. Covalent bonds are bonds formed when atoms share valence electrons rather than transfer it. The shared bonding is in such a way that the outermost shell of both atoms are filled. This is the case of carbon and oxygen atoms in the diagram.
On the other hand, ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another in order to form electrically charged ions that are bound to one another. This is the case of sodium atom, which has one valence electron in its outermost shell and transfers it to chlorine atom, which has seven electrons in its outermost shell. The sodium atom becomes a positively charged ion (+1) while the chlorine atom becomes negatively charged (-1).
Dark skin (a result of increased melanin production in equatorial peoples) is likely a response to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, because UV radiation can cause Group of answer choices skin cancer. hypothermia. rickets. hypoxia.
Answer:
skin cancer
Explanation:
because a human skin system is not evolved to handle the harsh conditions invoked by ultraviolet rays
Consider this animal cell.
The organelles in an animal cell are labeled. Part F is a network of hollow tubes, flattened sheets, and round sacs.
What is the function of the organelles that are labeled F?
to temporarily store water, waste products, food, and other cellular material
to produce proteins for the cell
to move proteins and other substances through the cell
to contain digestive enzymes that break down waste material and debris in the cell
If im not wrong, its golgi body.
Golgy body giving enzyme to append protein to glycosaminoglycans,
it can store water,
produce protein and transport it or stored in the vesicles,
it also have haltened sacs.
Im sorry if im wrong
Answer: c, the rough and smooth ER
Explanation:
moves things through the cell
An example of positive feedback loop would be: A. the release of glucagon in response to low blood sugar B. all of the above C. the release of a hormone in response to a single stimulus D. the release of oxytocin in response to stretching of the uterus
D. The release of oxytocin in response to stretching of the uterus.
Explanation:
There are two types of feedback loops, negative and positive.
Negative feedback loops' main goal is to maintain homeostasis, or equilibrium within the body. When there is a stimulus, the negative feedback loop will try to make the output less than it is, to make homeostasis equal again. An example of this would be regulating blood sugar. If your blood sugar levels are low, your body will release glucagon to make them higher, that is a negative feedback loop.
Positive feedback loops' main goal is to make the reactions go by more quickly, it makes the equilibrium unstable while accelerating the reaction. An example of this would be releasing chemicals in the body such as oxytocin, during childbirth to make it less painful and to speed up the process.
can someone help plz!?
Answer:
Biotic factors and abiotic factors, plant and light energy, herbivores, heterotrophs, omnivores, carnivores, primary consumer, decomposers and tertiary consumers.
Explanation:
Both biotic and abiotic factors are interacting with each other in an ecosystem. Plants use light energy from the sun to produce their own food. Herbivores are the organisms that feed on producers (plants). Heterotrophs are those organisms which are unable to make their own food. Omnivores are the organisms that eat both plants and animals. Carnivores feed on animals only. Primary consumers are the consumer which feed on plants. Decomposers helps in the breakdown of dead bodies of plants and animals. Tertiary consumers feed on secondary consumer.
Which statement is not true about prokaryotic cells? They are always single-celled organisms, and they never contain mitochondria. They have a circular loop of DNA instead of multiple linear DNA molecules. They lack a nucleus, but they do have ribosomes. They may have flagella, but they never have cilia. They all have a rigid cell wall instead of a plasma membrane.
Answer:
They lack a nucleus, but they do have ribosomes.
Explanation:
Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack organelles or other internal membrane-bound structures. Therefore, they do not have a nucleus, but, instead, generally have a single chromosome: a piece of circular, double-stranded DNA located in an area of the cell called the nucleoid.
Although there is a one in 4 million chance that all of the chromosomes in one parent could come entirely from one grandparent, chances are high that grandchildren will receive a mix of chromosomes from both maternal and both paternal grandparents. True or False
Answer:
it is true 10000% sure
hope i helped
-lvr
The goal of a statement of purpose is:
Answer:
Explanation, answer, persuade
Explanation:
a statement is a sentence with a period at the end of the sentence.
you can answer, and explain without using a question mark, or an exclamation mark
and of course, you can persuade with a period, question mark, or with an exclamation mark
( plz mark me as brainliest, that would be most appreiciated! )
What major factors play a role in global warming? decrease in human activity and normal climate conditions natural factors and human activity natural factors and normal climate conditions decrease in human activity and natural factors
Answer:
natural factors and human activity
Explanation:
Global warming is the gradual increase in the earth's atmospheric temperature. It is a cause of concern for every country as it affects the whole planet. Global warming is caused by the production and release of Greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
Greenhouse gases like C02, methane, nitrous oxide etc. are gases that have the ability to trap heat energy, hence, the increased accumulation of these gases in the atmosphere leads to a rise in global temperature.
The emission of greenhouse gases, which in turn induces global warming effect, is majorly contributed by natural factors and human activities. Natural occurrences like volcanic eruption etc release these gases into the atmosphere. Also, on a large part, the emission of CO2 caused by the burning of fossil fuels is the major problem. This burning of fossil fuels is carried out by humans. Coals, petroleum and other non-renewable source of energy are used daily, which creates havoc to the environment.
Therefore, the contribution of natural factors and human activities play a huge role in global warming.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
The pathogenesis of pneumonia includes the inhalation of microbial agents and the resulting of which of the following? (Select all that apply.) Inflammation Lung consolidation Formation of exudates Alveolar wall thickening Decreased lung compliance
Answer:
Inflammation
Lung consolidation
Formation of exudates
Explanation:
Pneumonia could be caused by Bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The air sacs are usually affected and characterized by presence of pus in the sacs. It could be serious and life threatening and can be treated with antibiotics.
The pathogenesis of pneumonia includes the inhalation of microbial agents, Inflammation , Lung consolidation and Formation of exudates.
Which is an example of an idiosyncratic reaction?
a. Nausea after taking an antibiotic agent
b. Excitement and agitation after taking a sedative
c. Increased clotting time after taking heparin
d. Sedation after taking a sleeping pill
Answer ; A
Idiosyncratic reactions are unpredictable and not explained by the pharmacologic properties of the drug. An example is the individual with infectious mononucleosis who develops a rash when given ampicillin.
Definition. Idiosyncratic drug reactions are adverse drug reactions that do not occur in most patients at any dose and do not involve the known pharmacological properties of the drug.
hope this helpThe graph shows the frequency of two alleles for a genetic trait in a population. A graph entitled Frequency of 2 Alleles in a Population has generation number on the horizontal axis, and frequency on the vertical axis, from 0 to 1. Allele Upper A has a 0.5 frequency at generations 1, 2, 3 and 4. It has a 0.45 frequency at generation 5. Allele a has a 0.5 frequency from Generations 1 through 4 and then has a frequency of 0.55 at generation 5. Which question is a biologist most likely to ask after seeing this graph? Did the observer make the wrong observations in generation 5? How many individuals were observed in each generation? Is there a theory that explains the results in the graph? Will the frequency of the alleles in this population change again?
Answer:
C. Is there a theory that explains the results in the graph?Explanation:
i tack test
The countercurrent multiplier is a system by which the:______.
a. nephron loop multiplies the concentration of salts in the interstitial fluid of the kidney medulla.
b. nephron loop dilutes the concentration of solutes in the tubular fluid at its hairpin turn.
c. vasa recta secretes multiple amounts of metabolic wastes against their concentration gradient.
d. vasa recta becomes more concentrated with nitrogenous wastes than the urine.
Answer: Option A.
nephron loop multiplies the concentration of salts in the interstitial fluid of the kidney medulla.
Explanation:
countercurrent multiplier is a system that utilize energy that create osmotic gradients and enable reabsorption of water thereby increase concentration of urine. The countercurrent multiplier uses electrolyte pumps there by making the nephron loop increase the concentration of salts in the interstitial fluid of the kidney medulla because it allows the nephron to reabsorb alot of water and and increase the concentration of urine for excretion while at the same time using as little energy as possible.
dromedary, camel, alpaca, vicuña, guanaco, llama, which species are most similar to each other? what is this about?
Answer:
Alpaca and llama are the most similar
Explanation:
An alpaca is a mix of a donkey and llama so alpaca and llama are the most similar.
Covalent modification:_____.
a. can involve the addition of phosphate groups.
b. can activate an enzyme.
c. produces modifications that can sometimes be reversed.
d. affects the activity of an enzyme by adding or removing a chemical group.
e. all of these are correct.
Answer: Option E.
All is correct.
Explanation:
A. can involve the addition of phosphate groups.
b. can activate an enzyme.
c. produces modifications that can sometimes be reversed.
d. affects the activity of an enzyme by adding or removing a chemical group.
Because Covalent modifications are enzymes catalyzed changes in the production of protein that involve the removal or addition chemical groups.
Covalent modifications can target a single or many Amino acids and it will alter their chemical properties.
Addition of phosphate group is a covalent modification because it control enzymes activity.
Covalent modification is reversible because it involves addition or removal of phosphoryl group to enzymes.
covalent attachment of another molecule can affect the activity of enzymes and many other proteins. In these occurence, the molecule that act as donor provides a functional moiety that modifies the properties of the enzyme.
A person has eaten the following vegetables over the past week: carrots, pinto beans, corn, cauliflower, coleslaw, and potatoes. Which of the following vegetables should he eat to be sure that he has included vegetables from each of the subgroups for the week? a. Iceberg lettuce b. Green peas c. Broccoli d. Eggplant e. Mushrooms
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Green Peas
Answer:
Green plants broccoli Eggplant
Some people have sustained brain damage and lost the ability to identify color. Other people sustained different brain damage and lost the ability to detect motion. What does this indicate about our visual system
PLEASE HELP ME I WILL MAKE YOU BRAINLIEST!!!!!!! Need help with number 31!!
Explanation:
A is 6H2O
B is C6H12O6
C is 6O2
Which of the following are likely impacts of
overfishing?
-The populations of higher order consumers decrease
-Oxygen dissolved in sea water decreases
-The biodiversity of the ecosystem decreases
-Large numbers of producers are removed from the
ecosystem
Answer:
-The populations of higher order consumers decrease
Explanation:
More fish are being killed meaning less food for consumers which means that tertiary consumers will be left with less food. One small problem can have a devastating effect.
Lethal genes (genes that result in the failure to develop a vital organ or metabolic pathway) are nearly always recessive. Animal breeders who discover a unique trait and selectively breed to increase the occurrence of that trait often encounter a noticeable increase in lethal genes. Why
Answer:
Though these genes are recessive, it is still very much possible for the offspring to inherit this, and the lethal gene is no different.
Explanation:
Suppose this animal breeder picked a dog who appeared to be happy and healthy and paired with another healthy dog. One of these healthy dogs may have this recessive lethal gene, though they have not been affected by it, their offspring may be likely to.
Match the name of the greenhouse gas with one of the human activities that produces it.
carbon dioxide
industrial processes
fluorinated gases
agricultural and industrial activities
methane
production and transport of oil and natural
gas
nitrous oxide
burning fossil fuels
Answer:
carbon dioxide- burning of fossil fuels
fluorinated gases- industrial processes
methane- production and transport of oil and natural
gas
nitrous oxide- agricultural and industrial activities
Explanation:
Greenhouse gases are gaseous components that induces greenhouse effect. This means that due to their structural ability to trap heat energy in the atmosphere, they contribute to the global warming effect on the Earth. However, this greenhouse gases are produced in large amounts as a result of the day-to-day anthropogenic activities. The following are the greenhouse gases and how they are produced.
Carbondioxide (CO2)- Carbondioxide is the most common and important greenhouse gas. It is generated via natural processes like respiration but also produced when fossil fuels e.g coal, petroleum etc. are burned.
Fluorinated gases- This is another greenhouse gas caused by activities of man. Fluorinated gases are produced in industries during the production of certain products.
Methane- Methane is a gaseous hydrocarbon and the principal constituent of natural gas. Therefore, the production and transportation of oil and natural gases can lead to the escape of methane into the atmosphere.
Nitrous oxide- Nitrous oxide is an oxide of nitrogen. It is mainly produced via agricultural processes such as nitrification and denitrification or use of fertilizers etc. and also industrial actions.
Answer:answer in pic
Explanation:
Cereals and legumes are complementary in the diet because Group of answer choices Cereals counteract the antinutritional factors in legumes A diet combining legumes and cereals will have a good balance of essential amino acids Cereals are high in lysine Legumes are high in cysteine and methionine
Answer:
A diet combining legumes and cereals will have a good balance of essential amino acids
Explanation:
Cereals are grains that are rich in vitamins, carbohydrates, protein and other essential nutrients, they include wheat, rice, sorghum etc. Legumes include a wide range of seeds, fruits, nuts, vegetables that are rich in proteins, carbohydrates and other nutrients, examples include peas, beans, lentils etc.
Cereals and legumes are referred to as staple foods, they are usually used to complement each other because combining them will result in a good balance of essential amino acids. In cereals, lysine is a limiting amino acid but is usually in high amounts in legumes. However, in legumes cysteine, trypthophan and methionine are the limiting amino acids but are found in cereals. Therefore, this makes legumes and cereals complementary in the diet as it significantly increases the protein quality of the diet.
In the study of cancer, researchers have used different types of cells, different environmental conditions, and different experimental designs. But, all researchers have arrived at the same conclusion. What does this say about the conclusion? It is well supported. It is weakly supported. It is inconclusive. It is refuted.
Answer:
It is weakly supported.
Explanation:
All the factors in each experiment are different. There are not any controls to ensure the results are reliable. When all the factors vary, it cannot be determined whether the factor being tested was the cause of the result, or another factor was the cause. Although all the reasearchers reached the same conclusion, it cannot be proven whether it was caused by the specific factor being tested, or if it was merely a coincidence.
During multiple experiment, if the results are the same or indicate the same conclusion then the reliability of the conclusion increases. Thus option A is correct.
What is the conclusion?The conclusion is the sum of all the observations during our experiment that gives the outcome of our investigation.
During cancer research on the different types of cells, conditions, and different experimental designs end up with the same conclusion which makes it more reliable. So option A is correct.
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The questions are on the image
Answer:
9 no. ans = 1. plastids.
2. cell wall.
10 no. ans
i)= nerve cell helps the body to receive impulse from affected part brain and response from brain to affected part.
ii)= palisade helps plants to carry out photosynthesis efficiently.
iii)= root hair cell helps in absorption of minerals ion and water from root to other parts of plant.
iv) = red blood cell helps in transporting oxygen to different parts of body.
11 no. ans
12 no.ans
i) = the group of cells having similar function and structures is called tissue.
ii)= organs are the group of various tissue working together to perform a particular task .
iii)= thecollection of organ which works or function independently is called organ system.
hope it helps..
Answer:
9. There are chloroplasts in a plant cell but not in animal cells. (plants need chloroplast for photosynthesis)
There is a cell wall around a plant cell (that gives it a fixed shape) but animal cells don't have any cell walls.
10. i- Nerve cells transmit and process information.
ii- palisade cells allow photosynthesis to take place. They contain numerous chloroplasts which help in absorbing light energy.
iii- The role of root hair cell is to absorb mineral salts and water from the soil.
iv- red blood cells help transport oxygen across the body.
11. divide the number of cells by the diameter of field view.
10 cells/3.5 mm = 2.86 mm/cell
12. i-a tissue is a group of similar cells (which work together to perform a certain function)
ii- An organ is made of a few types of tissues that work together to perform a specific function. (e.g the stomach)
iii- several organs working together for a common purpose makes an organ system. (e.g the respiratory system or the digestive system)
Which main type of sedimentary rock forms from dead plant and animal material?
Answer:
limestone, chert, dolostone, gypsum, halite (rock salt), diatomite, and chalk.
hope this helps!
Explanation:
Answer:
Letter C: Organic
Explanation:
Took the test and got it right :) Hope this helps!
How are the alleles for sex-linked traits inherited? They are passed from the Y chromosome in parents to the X chromosome in offspring. They are passed from the X chromosome in parents to the XY chromosome in offspring. They are passed from parents to offspring on the X and Y chromosomes. They are passed from any chromosome in the parents to the X or Y chromosome in the offspring.
Answer:
they are passed from parent to offspring on the X and Y chromosomes
i just took this test on ed :D
Alleles for sex-linked traits are inherited in such a way that they are passed from parents to offspring on the X and Y chromosomes.
Generally, sex-linked traits are traits or genes that are found on the sex chromosomes only. In humans, females have XX sex chromosomes while males have XY sex chromosomes.
Thus, X-linked traits are passed from parents to offspring via the X chromosomes only. Since both males and females have X chromosomes, it means both genders can have X-linked traits.Y-linked traits are passed from parents to offspring via the Y chromosomes only. Since only males have Y-chromosomes, it means that only the male gender can have Y-linked traits.More on sex-linked traits can be found here: https://brainly.com/question/1381309
A person with the genetic disorder Klinefelter's syndrome has an extra x-chromosome (genotype XXY). What can you predict is the most likely genetic mutation that results in Klinefelter's syndrome?
Answer:
The correct answer is non-disjunction at the time of meiosis.
Explanation:
A disorder, which takes place in males exhibiting an additional X-chromosome and is an outcome of an error in cell differentiation resulting in anomaly known as the Klinefelter's syndrome. Due to non-disjunction the egg or the sperm may acquire an additional X-chromosome. When these unusual cells take part in the genetic makeup of a person, then that individual most probably suffers from the condition termed as Klinefelter's syndrome.
In the majority of the circumstances, the division of the cells takes place generally during the development of the sperm, and at the same time, there may be certain errors at the time of egg development. Generally, the condition is mostly seen in the offspring of women that conceive after the age of 35.
Egg membranes from three eggs were carefully taken out and labeled as a, b , c. Each of these membranes were filled with 1% solution of sugar. Membrane A was immersed in 0.5% sugar solution, Membrane B was immersed in 1% sugar solution and Membrane c was immersed in 2% sugar solution. Predict the behavior of the three membranes?
Answer:
The correct answer would be -
Membrane A - Hypotonic solution - the movement of water towards inside the cell
Membrane B - Isotonic soltion - there will be no movement of water
Membrane C - Hyertonic solution - the movement of water towards outside of the cell
Explanation:
This experiment deals with tonicity as this solution will affect the tonicity of the egg membrane. In membrane A there are more solutes inside the cell than outside the cell so it is hypotonic solution so the movement of water will be towards inside the cell.
In membrane B the solutes are equal in both sides so there will be no movement as its isotonic condition while in membrane C the solution is in hypertonic situation as the solutes are more outside than inside.
Thus, the behavior of the membranes are-
Membrane A - Hypotonic solution - the movement of water towards inside the cell
Membrane B - Isotonic soltion - there will be no movement of water
Membrane C - Hyertonic solution - the movement of water towards outside of the cell
Which of the following is an example of adaptive radiation? One population of squirrels becomes two separate species over a long time. One population of lizards forms 15 separate species over a short time. One species of birds becomes better suited to its environment over time. One species of fish forms when two species of fish begin to breed with each other.
Answer:
B. One population of lizards leads to 15 separate species over a short time.
Explanation:
Adaptive radiation is a process in which organisms diversify rapidly into a multitude of new forms, particularly when a change in the environment makes new resources available, creates new challenges and opens environmental niches.
Adaptive radiation occurs when a single ancestral species diversifies into a variety of different species, each with different adaptations to fit different ecological niches.
When does the adaptive radiation occur ?This often occurs when a group of organisms colonizes a new, relatively unexploited environment, and the different ecological niches available in that environment drive the evolution of different adaptations in different subgroups.
The example of one population of lizards forming 15 separate species over a short time is a classic example of adaptive radiation. In this case, the ancestral population of lizards likely colonized a new area with many different ecological niches.
Over time, different subgroups of lizards evolved adaptations that allowed them to exploit these niches in different ways, leading to the diversification of the group into many different species.
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